Canto 9, 24, 26, 34

What does this metaphor reveal about Virgil's mindset?

Virgil is like a peasant farmer who wakes up, sees frost, but thinks it is snow. If snow has fallen, then the farmer's herding animals will not get good fodder. However, the day warms up a little, the frost disappears, and the farmer is happy because now his herding animals will get good fodder. The farmer can take his sheep out to pasture. In this case, Virgil can lead his "sheep" Dante on toward Heaven once he realizes what to do.

Erichtho

a Thessalian witch who could call the spirits of recently dead man back to their bodies and send them on missions into Hell. Although this character is from ancient myths, the story between her and Virgil is invented by Dante.

How will Virgil and Dante leave the Inferno?

a narrow stream

What, according to Virgil, will be lost if Dante gives into sloth and remains on the ground, recovering from his climb?

fame

What important information does Virgil share about his own experiences when he talks about Erichtho?

he has traveled this way before and knows the way

Why did Fucci reveal this prophecy to Dante?

he wants to cause Dante a small amount of suffering he feels

According to The Inferno, why did Ulysses (Odysseus) not return home after leaving Circe's island?

he was not ready to stop exploring

Based on lines 25-32, which season is Dante comparing the eighth circle to?

summer

Why does Virgil cover Dante's eyes?

the furies threaten to show the head of medusa

The Furies

three sisters who punish blood crimes, sometimes considered the goddesses of vengeance. Dante is able to bring his motif of "three" into play again; the three furies might represent three categories of sins punished in Hell.

Vanni Fucci's reference to Mars ("Next Mars draws up a bolt from Val di Magra") indicates that the conflict will...

turn into war

Medusa

A monster woman with living, poisonous snakes in her hair. Whoever looked at her face would turn to stone. In mythology, the hero Perseus cut off her head and eventually gave it to Athena for her shield.

Like bat's wings

A simile packed with irony: Satan's wings initially were a beautiful sign of his proximity to God. Dante describes them as bat's wings - no longer glorious

As seen in The Inferno, what is the name for the literary device that is an exclamatory speech addressed to someone or something that can not answer back?

Apostrophe

From The Divine Comedy, who is Dante's guide through Paradise?

Beatrice

In The Inferno, Canto 26, How are Ulysses' words to his men similar to the Serpent in the Garden?

Both claim that turning away from a desire is a denial of self Both insist on pursuing forbidden knowledge Both twist good ideas and words as a manipulation

In The Inferno, Canto 34, how do Virgil and Dante escape Dis?

By climbing down and up Satan's legs

4 rings

Caina: For those who were treacherous against kin or family (named after Cain who killed his brother Able). They are buried in ice up to their face. Antenora: For those who were treacherous against their countries or political parties. Tolomea: For those who were treacherous against guests. Some are totally buried under the ice. Judecca: For those who were treacherous against their benefactors, especially God.

In The Inferno, Canto 34, what is the symbolic significance of the last word: stars?

Dante is moving upward toward God

In The Inferno, Canto 9, what is the name of the city that encompasses Circles 6-9 and holds Satan.

Dis

In The Inferno, Canto 24, what, according to Virgil, is necessary to make a lasting mark on the world?

Fame

In what ways has Dante grown, as demonstrated by his climb?

He follows Virgil without fear and with faith

In The Inferno, Canto 24, Vanni Fucci gives Dante a prediction about Florence. Why did Fucci reveal this prophecy to Dante?

He wants to cause Dante a small amount of the suffering he feels

Who is trapped in the open, burning coffins inside the Gates of Dis?

Heretics

Based on lines 22-27, which words could best be used to describe Dante's mood?

Horrified and unsteady

I never saw such massive sails at sea.

Ironic comparison since Satan is stuck and can progress no where. Also an allusion and comparison to Ulysses sailing his men to doom and looking forward to the ship that brings saved souls to the shores of Purgatory.

In The Inferno, Canto 34, how is Satan trapped?

Locked in ice

Three faces: red, yellow, black

Motif of three, these faces mirror of God's love, power, and knowledge with Satan's anger, hatred, and ignorance.

In The Inferno, Canto 9, Virgil covers Dante's eyes when the head of Medusa appears. What classical work might this be a reference to?

Odysseus had his men tie him to the mast to resist the sirens

In The Inferno, Canto 24, which mythical creature is Vanni Fucci compared to?

Pheonix

Cerberus

Pluto's three headed dog. In The Inferno, he resides in the third circle where he was chained by Hercules.

In The Inferno, Canto 9, if Virgil is an allegory to represent Human Reason, what might this incident at the gate of Dis reveal?

Reason can not take you far without faith

If Virgil is an allegory to represent Human Reason, what might this incident at the gate of Dis reveal?

Reason cannot take you far without faith

In The Inferno, Canto 26, which word best described the tone in Dante's address to Florence: "Take joy, O Florence, for you are so great / your wings beat over land and sea, / your fame resounds through Hell!"

Sarcastic

In The Inferno, Canto 36, Dante compares Satan's wings to sails on a ship. Why is this ironic?

Satan can never move anywhere

In The Inferno, Canto 34, which literary device is being used in these lines to describe Satan's wings? "They had no feathers but looked just like a bat's, / And he kept flapping these wings up and down"

Simile

Emperor of the Woeful Kingdom

Situational irony - Satan rebelled against God to be the leader, not he is the emperor of a "kingdom" with no good in it and he has no control or say over his kingdom.

In The Inferno, Canto 34, what does the opening line translate to? "Vexilla regis prodeunt inferni"

The banners of the king of hell advance

In The Inferno, Canto 34, how was the mountain of Purgatory created?

The land Satan displaced when he fell from Heaven

Theseus

The mythological founder of Athens. He is most famous for defeating the Minotaur, and he also faced the furies while traveling through Hell with a friend. His friend was killed by the Furies and here they lament they left Theseus alive.

From The Divine Comedy, what does the mountain of Purgatory represent?

The penitent Christian life

phoenix

The phoenix is a legendary bird who, when it died by combusting, would be reborn from its own ashes. They are normally seen as symbols for hope. Here, Dante compares the burning man to a phoenix.

In The Inferno, Canto 24, what type of sin is being punished by attacking, venomous snakes.

Thieves

In The Inferno, Canto 34, what does Satan have in his three mouths?

Three sinners