Carbohydrates

Which of the following are characteristics of soluble fiber? A. Alleviates constipation and bloating B. Prevents diarrhea and intestinal gas C. Protects against heart disease and diabetes D. Helps prevent heart attacks and strokes

C. Protects against heart disease and diabetes

Which of the following is a feature of diabetes? A. Type 1 diabetes is also known as adult-onset diabetes. B. It is believed to be caused by abnormal intake of dietary carbohydrates. C. The insulin-dependent type is more common than the noninsulin-dependent type. D. Dietary management should focus on total carbohydrate intake rather than the type of carbohydrate consumed.

D. Dietary management should focus on total carbohydrate intake rather than the type of carbohydrate consumed.

What is the predominant sweetner used in formulating beverages? A. Glucose B. Sucrose C. Invert sugar D. High-fructose corn syrup

D. High-fructose corn syrup

What is the first organ to respond to an increase in blood glucose concentration? A. Brain B. Liver C. Muscle D. Pancreas

D. Pancreas (need to know)

Which of the following is not a characteristic of glucose? A. Monosaccharide B. Soluble in water C. Part of the sucrose molecule D. Sweeter tasting than sucrose

D. Sweeter tasting than sucrose

T OR F Another term used in this course to describe grains is carbs or carbohydrates.

FALSE

What is the chemical composition of sucrose? One glucose and one fructose unit One galactose and one fructose unit One glucose and one galactose unit Two fructose units

One glucose and one fructose unit

A "functional fiber" is one that: A. occurs naturally in the intact plants. B. performs a specific function in the plant. C. is extracted from plants and has a beneficial health effect. D. is a polysaccharide that is stored primarily in muscle and liver of animals.

C. is extracted from plants and has a beneficial health effect.

What is the recommended daily value of dietary fiber? A. 12 grams B. 20 grams C. 25 grams D. 30 grams

25 grams

What is the daily recommended intake of dietary fiber?

25 grams for most women; 38 grams for most men

Which of the following statements describes the glycemic effect of foods? A. A measure of how fast and high the food causes the blood glucose to rise B. The newest, most practical means for planning diets for people with diabetes C. A well-utilized, highly valued mechanism to control the intake of simple sugars D. A measure of the percentage of digestible carbohydrates in relation to total energy content o the food

A. A measure of how fast and high the food causes the blood glucose to rise.

Which of the following is a feature of diabetes? A. Many people with type 2 diabetes are obese. B. Most people who have diabetes require insulin therapy. C. Diabetes results chiefly from excess dietary intake of simple carbohydrates. D. People with type 1 diabetes fail to respond to the insulin mady the the pancreas.

A. Many people with type 2 diabetes are obese.

Type 2 diabetes is also known as? A. prediabetes. B. adult-onset diabetes. C. anti-glycemic intolerance. D. insulin-dependent diabetes.

B. adult-onset diabetes.

Which of the following provides the most fiber? A. 1 orange B. 1 serving oatmeal C. 1 serving split peas D. 1 serving whole wheat bread

C. 1 serving split peas

Potential benefits of diet rich in fiber include all of the following EXCEPT: lower blood cholesterol levels reduced calorie intake prevention and alleviation of constipation decreased absorption of sugars

decreased absorption of sugars

Abnormally high blood glucose levels may be a symptom of ___________________.

diabetes

Which of the following is/are NOT a rich source of carbohydrate? apples eggs jelly beans yogurt

eggs, jelly beans

When you are under physical stress, what horomone is released quickly to stimulate an increase in blood glucose concentration? A. Insulin B. Secretin C. Glucogen D. Epinephrine

epinephrine

Whole grains contains MORE of which of the following nutrients? Magnesium (one or more may be correct)** Riboflavin Zinc Fiber Folate B6

fiber, riboflavin, folate

Which of the following are complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides)? [More than one answer may be correct!] fiber. maltose starch. glycogen

fiber, starch, glycogen

All of the following are sources of dietary carbohydrates EXCEPT beans. milk. fish. fruits.

fish

When blood glucose levels fall, what pancreatic hormone is secreted to stimulate the release of stored glucose? Insulin Cholecystokinin Epinephrine Glucagon

glucagon

All simple and complex carbohydrates are digested by the body and eventually broken down into _____________.

glucose

Before carbohydrates can be used as energy, the body breaks them down to __________. sucrose. maltose. glucose. glycogen.

glucose

Which of the following is known as blood sugar or dextrose? A. Glucose B. Maltose C. Sucrose D. Fructose

glucose

What is the name of the polysaccharide found in liver and muscle?

glycogen

What is the primary function of insulin?

to lower blood glucose levels

What is the staple grain of Canada, the Untied States, and Europe? A. Oats B. Rice C. Corn D. Wheat

wheat

The hormone which is released when blood sugar levels rise is called __________________.

insulin

Refined grains are enriched with which nutrients? only fiber iron and several vitamins all of the nutrients lost during refinement a variety of phytochemicals

iron and several vitamins

Which of the following is/are NOT a rich source of carbohydrate? jelly beans eggs yogurt apples

jelly beans, eggs

What is the principle carbohydrate in milk?

lactose

Jim is fasting for personal reasons. He plans to take in only water. A good estimate of how long his supply of glycogen will last is about _____________.

less than 1 day

In the time between meals, what organ releases glucose to help maintain normal blood glucose levels?

liver

In the time between meals, what organ releases glucose to help maintain normal blood glucose levels? Pancreas Intestines Skeletal muscle Liver

liver

What is the primary organ that converts fructose to glucose following absorption?

liver

What is hypoglycemia?

low blood sugar

What is another name for lactose?

milk sugar

Digestion of starches takes place in the small intestines and also in the A. mouth. B. colon. C. stomach D. pancreas.

mouth

Glycogen is stored maily in which of the following tissues? A. Muscle and liver B. Pancreas and kidneys C. Stomach and intestine D. Brain and red blood cells

muscle & liver

The types of atoms found in a glucose molecule include all of the following except A. carbon. B. oxygen. C. nitrogen. D. hydrogen.

nitrogen

What is the first organ to respond to an increase in blood glucose concentration?

pancreas

In which of the following are ample amounts of carbohydrates almost always found? A. Plant Foods B. Health Foods C. Animal Products D. Protein-rich foods

plant foods

A person diagnosed with a milk allergy would be sensitive to the ________ in milk.

protein

Which of the following is NOT a good source of fiber? lentils strawberries baked potato salmon

salmon

What component accounts for the usually sweet taste of fruits? A. Fats B. Fiber C. Simple sugar D. Complex carbohydrates

simple sugar

What term describes the most nutritious type of bread?

whole grain

Which of the following types of bread has the highest fiber content? Refined White Whole-grain Enriched

whole-grain

Which of the following types of bread has the highest fiber content? Whole-grain White Refined Enriched

whole-grain

Which of the following is not a simple carboyhydrate? A. Starches B. White Sugar C. Disaccharides D. Monosaccharides

starches

Reseach suggests that your risk of developing Type II Diabetes can be dramatically reduced by: consuming a diet high in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, fish and poultry. regular physical activity. all of these are correct a healthy body weight

all are correct

What steps can healthy people take to prevent type II diabetes? eliminate sugar from the diet eat a high protein diet get plenty of insulin in the diet avoid gaining excess weight

avoid gaining excess weight

Which of the following plays a major role in the breakdown of certain types of dietary fiber in the large intestines? A. Bacteria B. Pancreas C. Colonic cells D. Small intestinal villus cell

bacteria

What type of nutrient is starch? A. Fiber B. Gluten C. Simple Carbohydrate D. Complex Carbohydrate

complex carbohydrate

All of the following are symptoms of lactose intolerance EXCEPT cramping. diarrhea. constipation. bloating.

constipation

Which food group supplies fiber in the diet? (One or more answers may be correct.) protein foods vegetables grains fruits dairy

vegs, grains, fruits

Someone suffering from lactose intolerance has problems digesting ________________.

cow's milk

A person diagnosed with a milk allergy would be sensitive to the lactose in milk. True False

false

T OR F A person diagnosed with a milk allergy would be sensitive to the lactose in milk.

false