Causes of the Civil War

What did the election of 1860 prove about the relationship between north and south?

-It proved how divided the nation had become - all the northern states supported Lincoln - the southern states couldn't decide on one candidate -Lincoln only had 40% of the vote and wasn't even on the ballot in 10 southern states

In what way did the Compromise of 1850 appease (satisfy) the South?

-New Mexico and Utah were now open to slavery -Fugitive slave laws were passed - made it easier to get escaped slaves returned

What was the fear of Southern senators if there were more free states than slave states?

-That the northerners would have enough votes to pass a bill to outlaw slavery -The north would overpower the south in the Senate

What were two results of the Lincoln-Douglas debates?

1. Lincoln became famous 2. It made people really look at the moral issue of slavery

What were the three decisions in the Missouri Compromise?

1. Missouri should be a slave state 2. Maine should be a free state 3. Slavery was banned in all future states above the 36 30' latitude line

What did Lincoln say about the successions in his inaugural address?

1. Succession was both wrong and unconstitutional 2. He wanted the southern states to return in peace to the united states

What was a negative result of the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

Anti and pro-slavery governments were fighting - there was a mini civil war in Kansas

How did the Compromise of 1850 nullify (go against) the Missouri Compromise?

Slavery was allowed north of the 36 30 line - Utah and New Mexico

What effect did the Compromise of 1850 have on slavery?

Slavery was allowed north of the 36 30' line

What was the Supreme Court's decision in the Dred Scott case? (there are several parts to the decision)

Slaves were property and so banning slavery would be like taking your property - congress cannot ban slavery Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional Dred Scott was not a citizen so he could not sue

Why was it important to southerners to keep an equal number of senators from free states?

So slavery couldn't be abolished by the north

In the Dred Scott decision, what did the Supreme Court decide about Congress' power to make laws regarding slavery?

The Congress had no power to ban slavery because slaves are property and banning slavery is like taking away a person's property. (fifth amendment)

What was the significance of the 36 30' north latitude line?

The Missouri Compromise - all future states north of the line would not allow slavery, future states south of the line would allow slavery

In the Dred Scott Decision, the Supreme Court declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional. What was the reasoning for this ruling? (2 points)

The Missouri Compromise had banned slavery north of the 36 30 The Dred Scott decision said that banning slavery is a violation of the 5th amendment protection of property. Banning slavery is like taking away property.

What did John Brown hope to achieve by his raid on Harpers Ferry?

He wanted to arm an army of slaves to start a slave rebellion - to end slavery by force

Why did Dred Scott believe he should have his freedom?

He was brought into free territory (WI and IL and MN) so he thought that should give him his freedom

Be able to explain how the Missouri Compromise, the Compromise of 1850 and the Kansas-Nebraska Act attempted to bring the nation together AND how these same events eventually pulled the nation apart (the essential question of the unit)

Missouri Compromise- Together: It created a solid boundary that made it clear where slavery would be allowed and where it wouldn't. Apart: Gave northerners more land than southerners Compromise of 1850 Together: Added California as a free state and gave Utah and New Mexico to slavery Apart: Northerners were required by law to return slaves but many didn't enforce this law which made southerners angry Kansas-Nebraska Act Together: It allowed the people to vote whether slavery should be allowed Apart: Northerners were angry because they thought slavery would expand and it abolished the Missouri Compromise

Explain one reason why most white Southern slave-holders were upset by the way the Fugitive Slave Act was enforced in the north. (2 points)

Northerners didn't enforce the law - only 299 of the tens of thousands of escaped slaves were returned

Analyze the meaning of Abraham Lincoln's 1858 quote: "A house divided against itself cannot stand."

There is no way a country can continue when half of the people strongly believe in a certain topic (like slavery) but another group of people strongly oppose it.

What happened when the Southern states seceded? In other words, what did this mean for the country?

They broke away from the U.S. to become their own country. It would mean civil war for the country.

Why did the Southern states decide to secede?

They didn't think southerners had any power now that Lincoln was president. They believed that the government would outlaw slavery and they would not have the voting power stop that from happening.

How did most northerners react to the events at Fort Sumter in Charleston, SC?

With patriotism-they had faith the country would be saved

Which part of the Compromise of 1850 created the most controversy between northerners and southerners during the 1850s?

Fugitive slave law - because it required northerners to help return escaped slaves Southerners were angry because northerners refused to follow the law

How did the Kansas-Nebraska Act nullify (go against) the Missouri Compromise?

It would allow Kansas and Nebraska to be slave states - they are both north of the 36 30

How did the Wilmot Proviso pull the nation apart?

It wouldn't have allowed slaves to live in Mexico acquired territory which southerners felt congress had no right to decide.

What was the impact of the publication of Uncle Tom's Cabin?

The book showed northerners how bad slavery was Turned more northerners against slavery South angered that there were so many more people against slavery

What event was the final straw that led the South to secede from the Union and lead the U.S. into a civil war?

The election of 1860 - Lincoln becoming president - because he was anti-slavery.

How did the Kansas-Nebraska Act attempt to deal with the question of slavery in future states?

The people of those states could vote to be a free or slave state.