CCNA Routing and Switching: Scaling Networks Chapter 2

The spanning-tree __________ global configuration command is used to enable Rapid PVST+.

mode rapid-vpst

In FHRP operation, two or more routers are represented as a single __________ router.

virtual

What is the outcome of a Layer 2 broadcast storm? A. Routers will take over the forwarding of frames as switches become congested. B. New traffic is discarded by the switch because it is unable to be processed. C. CSMA/CD will cause each host to continue transmitting frames. D. ARP broadcast requests are returned to the transmitting host.

B. New traffic is discarded by the switch because it is unable to be processed.

A network administrator is preparing the implementation of Rapid PVST+ on a production network. How are the Rapid PVST+ link types determined on the switch interfaces? A. Link types are determined automatically. B. Link types can only be configured on access ports configured with a single VLAN. C. Link types can only be determined if PortFast has been configured. D. Link types must be configured with specific port configuration commands.

A. Link types are determined automatically. When Rapid PVST+ is being implemented, link types are automatically determined but can be specified manually. Link types can be either point-to-point, shared, or edge.

Which protocol provides up to 16 instances of RSTP, combines many VLANs with the same physical and logical topology into a common RSTP instance, and provides support for PortFast, BPDU guard, BPDU filter, root guard, and loop guard? A. MST B. Rapid PVST+ C. STP D. PVST+

A. MST MST is the Cisco implementation of MSTP, an IEEE standard protocol that provides up to 16 instances of RSTP and combines many VLANs with the same physical and logical topology into a common RSTP instance. Each instance supports PortFast, BPDU guard, BPDU filter, root guard, and loop guard. STP and RSTP assume only one spanning-tree instance for the entire bridged network, regardless of the number of VLANs. PVST+ provides a separate 802.1D spanning-tree instance for each VLAN that is configured in the network.

To obtain an overview of the spanning tree status of a switched network, a network engineer issues the show spanning-tree command on a switch. Which two items of information will this command display? (Choose two.) A. The root bridge BID. B. The number of broadcasts received on each root port. C. The role of the ports in all VLANs. D. The status of native VLAN ports. E. The IP address of the management VLAN interface.

A. The root bridge BID. C. The role of the ports in all VLANs.

Which nonproprietary protocol provides router redundancy for a group of routers which support IPv4 LANs? A. VRRPv2 B. HSRP C. GLBP D. SLB

A. VRRPv2 The only nonproprietary FHRP used for router redundancy listed in the options is VRRPv2. HSRP and GLBP are both Cisco proprietary FHRPs. IOS SLB is a Cisco-based solution used to load balance traffic across multiple servers.

In which two port states does a switch learn MAC addresses and process BPDUs in a PVST network? (Choose two.) A. forwarding B. disabled C. learning D. blocking E. listening

A. forwarding C. learning Switches learn MAC addresses at the learning and forwarding port states. They receive and process BPDUs at the blocking, listening, learning, and forwarding port states.

Refer to the exhibit. Which protocol information is being displayed in the output? A. VRRP B. GLBP C. FHRP D. HSRP

B. GLBP The load balancing attribute indicates that this output is a result of issuing the show glbp command.

What is an advantage of PVST+? A. PVST+ optimizes performance on the network through autoselection of the root bridge. B. PVST+ optimizes performance on the network through load sharing. C. PVST+ reduces bandwidth consumption compared to traditional implementations of STP that use CST. D. PVST+ requires fewer CPU cycles for all the switches in the network.

B. PVST+ optimizes performance on the network through load sharing. PVST+ results in optimum load balancing. However, this is accomplished by manually configuring switches to be elected as root bridges for different VLANs on the network. The root bridges are not automatically selected. Furthermore, having spanning-tree instances for each VLAN actually consumes more bandwidth and it increases the CPU cycles for all the switches in the network.

Which port state will switch ports immediately transition to when configured for PortFast? A. listening B. forwarding C. blocking D. learning

B. forwarding PortFast allows a switch port to bypass the listening and learning states and transition immediately to the forwarding state.

If no bridge priority is configured in PVST, which criteria is considered when electing the root bridge? A. lowest IP address B. lowest MAC address C. highest MAC address D. highest IP address

B. lowest MAC address

Which two network design features require Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) to ensure correct network operation? (Choose two.) A. implementing VLANs to contain broadcasts B. redundant links between Layer 2 switches C. removing single points of failure with multiple Layer 2 switches D. static default routes E. link-state dynamic routing that provides redundant routes

B. redundant links between Layer 2 switches C. removing single points of failure with multiple Layer 2 switches

Which two types of spanning tree protocols can cause suboptimal traffic flows because they assume only one spanning-tree instance for the entire bridged network? (Choose two.) A. MSTP B. PVST+ C. RSTP D. STP E. Rapid PVST+

C. RSTP D. STP

Which RSTP ports are connected to end devices? A. trunk ports B. root ports C. edge ports D. designated ports

C. edge ports

Which STP priority configuration would ensure that a switch would always be the root switch? A. spanning-tree vlan 10 priority 61440 B. spanning-tree vlan 10 root primary C. spanning-tree vlan 10 priority 0 D. spanning-tree vlan 10 priority 4096

C. spanning-tree vlan 10 priority 0 Although the spanning-tree vlan 10 root primary command will ensure a switch will have a bridge priority value lower than other bridges introduced to the network, the spanning-tree vlan 10 priority 0 command ensures the bridge priority takes precedence over all other priorities.

Refer to the exhibit. A network engineer is troubleshooting host connectivity on a LAN that uses a first hop redundancy protocol. Which IPv4 gateway address should be configured on the host? A. 192.168.2.0 B. 192.168.2.1 C. 192.168.2.2 D. 192.168.2.100

D. 192.168.2.100

What is a characteristic of a Layer 2 loop? A. Routers continually forward packets to other routers. B. A switch is continually forwarding the same unicast frame. C. The Time-to-Live attribute of a frame is set to infinity. D. Broadcast frames are forwarded back to the sending switch.

D. Broadcast frames are forwarded back to the sending switch.

What is the purpose of HSRP? A. It enables an access port to immediately transition to the forwarding state. B. It prevents a rogue switch from becoming the STP root. C. It prevents malicious hosts from connecting to trunk ports. D. It provides a continuous network connection when a router fails.

D. It provides a continuous network connection when a router fails.

Which three components are combined to form a bridge ID? A. cost B. IP address C. port ID D. MAC address E. Bridge priority F. extended system ID

D. MAC address E. Bridge priority F. extended system ID

What additional information is contained in the 12-bit extended system ID of a BPDU? A. IP address B. MAC address C. port ID D. VLAN ID

D. VLAN ID