cell function test/quiz study guide
22. Mention the difference between pinocytosis and phagocytosis
Phagocytosis cell engolfs or eats, pinocytosis drinks
What are the three types of active transport?
Protein pump, exocytosis, endocytosis.
what is diffusion?
...the movement of the particles CO2 and O2 from high to low concentration requiring no energy
Who claimed that all cells must come from existing cells by reproduction?
Virchow
28. Why animal cells don't have cell wall?
animals can move and are more flexible than plants.
cytolisis
breaking of the cell mbrane only in animal cells
16. What is the consequence to a cell in a hypertonic cell?
cell shrinks
18. What is the consequence to a cell in a isotonic cell?
cell stays the same
17. What is the consequence to a cell in a hypotonic cell?
cell swells
12. What is the function of the cell membrane?
controls what enters and leaves the cell
what is the function of the mitochondria?
double membraned organelles that break down sugar to make ATP to be used as energy by the cell.
30. Which cell is bigger prokaryote or eukaryote?
eukaryote
what is the function of the rough ER?
folded membrane pathways spotted with ribosomes and making new membranes as needed.
23. What is a concentration gradient?
high to low concentration
ocean water is what type of solution?
hyperonic
Name the membrane valves that open and close for potassium efflux and sodium influx.
ion channels
red blood cells are what type of solution?
isotonic
what is the function of the ribosomes?
little grains floating around inside the cell and on the ER where proteins are made.
the cell structures that break down nutrient molecules and old cell parts are known as
lysosomes
what is the function of the golgi apparatus?
made up of flat vesicles that package things to leave the cell.
what is the function of the vacuole?
membrane sacs for storage.
Organelle known as the powerhouse?
mitochondria
The nucleus of a cell divides by the process of
mitosis
13. What is a solution?
mixture of solute and solvent
19. What is active transport?
motion of particles through a semi-permiable membrane from low concentration to high concentration and requires energy ATP.
The specialized cells that carry information throughout the body are known as
nerve cells
does hypertonic,hypotonic and isotonic refer to the cell?
no
do plant cells not have a lysosome and centriole?
no, they do not have them.
4. Organelle known as cell brain
nucleas
21. Mention two types of endocytosis
phagocytosis and pimocytosis
components of the cellmembrane
phosphate, lipids,
32. Mention three component present in the cell membrane
phosphates, lipids, proteins
Oxygen is carried throughout the body by
red blood cells
31. Why the plasma membrane is considered a semi-permeable membrane?
selects what goes in and out of the cell
plasmolisis
shrimking of cell membrane only in plant cells
11. What does the word cell means?
small box
what is the function of the nuclear mebrane?
surround the nucleus and controls what goes in and out.
what is the function of the nucleas?
the organelle that contains all our genetic information on 23 pairsof chromosomes making up our dna.
what is the function of the plasma membrane?
the protective outside layer of the cell that lets some things to leave the cell.
what is the function of the cytoplasm?
the watery medium in which the organelles float insde the cell.
29. Why plant cell have large vacuole?
they need alot of water
what the function of a lysosome?
vesicles with digestive enzymes to break down waste and baceria.
What is cell specialization?
when cells perform a specific function for an organism.
are both plant and animal cells eukaryotes?
yes
are lipids nonpolar in the cell membrane?
yes
are phosphates polar in the cell mebrane?
yes
What is the semi-permeable membrane, phospholipid bolayer that regulates what goes on and out of the cell?
Cell membrane
What is the hard covering of the plant cell that provides support and protection for the plant cell?
Cell wall
8. Organelle present in animal cells only
Centriole and Lysosomes
7. Organelle present only in plant cells
Chloroplast and Cell Wall
What is facilitated diffusion?
The movement of cavalier proteins from an area of high concentration to low concentration requiring no energy.
What is osmosis?
The movement of water from high to low requiring no energy.
distill water is what type of solution?
hypotonic
10. What are two other names for the cell membrane?
plasma membrane phospholipid bilayer
5. Organelle present in prokaryote cells
ribosomes
crenation
shrinking of cell membrane in an animal cell
Organelle known as cell stomach?
Lysosomes
what are the three parts of the modern cell theory?
1.Cells are the basic units of structure and function in all living things 2. All cells contain specialized structures (organelles) to perform functions necessary for life 3. All organisms are made of one or more cells and come from other cells by reproduction
20. What is passive transport?
?Motion of subtances through a semi-permiable membrane from high concentration to low concentration, no energy requied No ATP.
What 3 things pass throught the cell membrane easily?
Carbon dioxide by diffusion, oxygen by diffusion, and water by diffusion.
What 3 things do PLANT CELLS have that animal cells do not have?
Cell Wall, Chloroplasts, Large Vacuole
Which of the following is the main component of the cytoplasm?
Cytosol
what must all cells have?
DNA, Cytoplasm, Cell Membrane, Ribosomes
What are the three types of passive transport?
Diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion.
What did shwann claim?
He claimed all animals are made of cells.
What dod schleiden claim?
He claimed all plants are made of cells.
Who saw cork and named yhe chambers cells?
Hooke
What is the embosybotic theory?
How a multicellular develops inside living others.
Who invented the microscope and saw the first living cells in pond water and called them "wee beasties" ?
Leeuwenhoek
6. Organelle present in animal and plant cells
Mitochondria, Cell membrane, Nucleus, Nucleas, Ribosomes, Smooth endoplasmic Reticulum, Rough endoplasmic Reticulum, Vacuoles, Golgi body, Cytoplasm
What is an organelle?
Small organs structure inside a cell
What determines the shape of the cell?
The cells function.
9. What are the three scientists that develop the cell theory?
Theodore Schawn, Mathias Scheiden, Rudolph Virchow