Cellular Respiration

11. Under what environmental conditions do yeast carry out fermentation? A. Absence of oxygen B. High temperature C. Low pH D. High osmotic pressure E. All of the choices are correct.

A. Absence of oxygen

5. Which stage in cellular respiration evolved first? A. Glycolysis B. Krebs cycle C. Electron transport chain D. Fermentation

A. Glycolysis

Which of these is an electron carrier molecule? A. NAD+ B. ATP C. Adenylate kinase D. Carbonic acid

A. NAD+

2. The first stage of cellular respiration, called ___________, takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell and needs no oxygen. A. glycolysis B. Krebs cycle C. photorespiration D. oxidation

A. glycolysis

17. How many net ATP are made in glycolysis? A. 1 B. 2 C. 6 D. 34 E. 38

B. 2

12. Which is incorrect about fermentation? A. It is anaerobic. B. It generates oxygen. C. It produces ATP. D. When human muscles are lacking oxygen, lactate is produced. E. It recycles NADH back to NAD+

B. It generates oxygen.

25. Most of the carbon dioxide that is made during aerobic respiration is from A. glycolysis. B. Krebs cycle. C. electron transport chain. D. Calvin cycle. E. chemiosmosis.

B. Krebs cycle.

15. Which stage of cell respiration makes the majority of ATP? A. Glycolysis B. Krebs cycle C. Electron transport chain D. Fermentation E. They all produce the same amount.

C. Electron transport chain

3. Electrons generated from the Krebs cycle go next to the A. fermentation pathway. B. formation of alcohol. C. electron transport chain. D. fluid portion of the mitochondrion.

C. electron transport chain.

22. Which of the following is(are) products of the Krebs cycle? A. CO2 and ATP B. CO2 ATP, FADH2 C. ATP and NADH D. CO2, ATP, NADH, FADH2 E. ATP, NADH, FADH2

D. CO2, ATP, NADH, FADH2

13. During which stage(s) of cellular respiration is CO2 produced? A. Glycolysis and Krebs cycle B. Krebs cycle only C. Electron transport chain D. Oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and Krebs cycle E. Krebs cycle and electron transport chain

D. Oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and Krebs cycle

4. What is needed for the end product of glycolysis, pyruvate, to enter the Krebs cycle? A. More glucose for energy B. ATP C. Carbon dioxide D. Oxygen

D. Oxygen

18. Glycolysis takes place in the _____________ and the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain take place in the ___________. A. mitochondrial matrix; inner mitochondrial membrane B. cytoplasm; endoplasmic reticulum C. intermembrane space of the mitochondria; mitochondrial matrix D. cytoplasm; mitochondria E. mitochondria; cytoplasm

D. cytoplasm; mitochondria

16. Which of the following macromolecules can be broken down into intermediate products that enter cellular respiration? A. Proteins B. Lipids C. Nucleic acids D. Carbohydrates E. All of the choices are correct.

E. All of the choices are correct.

9. Which of the following is not produced during the Krebs cycle? A. Carbon dioxide B. NADH C. FADH2 D. ATP E. All of these are produced during the Krebs cycle.

E. All of these are produced during the Krebs cycle.

Describe how adding a phosphate to ATP or removing a phosphate group from ATP stores or releases energy.

Energy is stored in the high-energy bonds between the phosphate groups of ATP. When the terminal phosphate is removed, energy is released. When it is added back on to ADP to make ATP, energy is stored.

39. Compare ethanol and lactic acid fermentation with regard to their products and the types of cells in which they occur.

Ethanol fermentation produces ethanol and carbon dioxide and occurs in yeast. Lactic acid fermentation produces lactic acid and occurs in animal cells.

19. T/F Plants do photosynthesis only and animals do cellular respiration only.

False

32. The second stage of cellular respiration, the ______________, takes place only in the mitochondria.

Krebs cycle

29. During fermentation, _______ is recycled by transferring its electrons to a molecule other than oxygen.

NAD+

33. ________________ molecules of ATP are generated from the complete cellular respiration of one molecule of glucose.

Thirty-six

30. Common end products of fermentation include __________ and ______.

alcohol; lactate

27. The internal compartment of the mitochondria is the ________.

matrix

31. ATP is formed when ___________ pass back across the membrane through ATP synthase channels.

protons

38. A proton _______ drives the protons out across the mitochondrial membrane into the intermembrane space.

pump