CGS 2060 Midterm review

If you own a small business, what can you do to ensure your computers and data is kept secure?

1, Keep software updated, particularly antivirus software. 2. Physically secure computers to minimize risk of theft 3. Backup your data regularly.

3 technologies used by facial recognition software

1. 3D mapping 2. feature charting 3. skin texture analysis

3 types of ultrs-high-definition TV displays

1. 4K UHD 2. 8 UHD 3. UltraHD

business owners should do to help protect their data.

1. Establish strong firewall protection for their business's network. 2. Ensure antivirus software is installed and up-to-date. 3. Create strong password protections and protocols.

2 devices often found with a point-of-sale system

1. MICR 2. touchscreen

Characteristics of an SSD

1. No moving parts 2. Extremely fast

advantages of helium hard drives over traditional hard drives.

1. Platters spin faster. 2. Platters stay cooler. 3. More platters can be placed in the same amount of space.

advantages of using cloud storage

1. Redundancy - data is stored on multiple servers. 2. Availability - data can be retrieved by any Internet-connected device.

What are the 3 main ways of detecting a recording fingerprints?

1. Ultra-sonic: uses sound waves to record ridges and whorls 2. Optical: takes photo of the fingerprint 3. Capacitance: uses electron movement, similar to touchscreen/touchpad

what be used to store a single bit of data?

1. a transistor 2. a hole in a punch card

Rate the storage capacities from lowest to highest

1. bit (1,0) 2. byte (8 bits) 3. kilobyte (1000 bytes) 4. megabyte (1 million bytes) 5. gigabyte (1 billion bytes) 6. terabyte (1 trillion bytes) 7. petabyte (1000 terabytes)

3 characteristics of LED display

1. can be extremely thin 2. great for well-lit areas 3. extremely energy efficient

What steps are involved in programming?

1. categorizing which parts of a task a digital device can perform 2. describing the task in a precise manner 3. translating the task into a language a CPU can use

Characteristics of a traditional hard drive

1. contains platters 2. contains read/write heads 3. stores data magnetically

2 characteristic of audio output

1. converts electrical impulses into air movement 2. digital devices use device-to-analog converters

3 phases that should be done in the investigation step of the SDLC process?

1. defining the problem 2. examining the alternatives 3. reporting

List 5 characteristics of desktop computers

1. easy upgrade and expansion 2. often used in offices because they are not mobile 3. use a full OS 4. separate system unit 5. relatively large footprint

3 traits currently used for biometric identification

1. fingerprint 2. irises 3. stride

characteristics of a Blu-ray disc.

1. holds approximately 25 GB of data 2. uses pits and lands to store data

characteristics of a DVD.

1. holds approximately 4.5 GB of data Correct uses pits and lands to store data 2. holds approximately 4.5 GB of data

characteristics of a CD.

1. holds approximately 700 MB of data 2. uses pits and lands to store data

4 qualities of all in one computers

1. house every component except the keyboard and mouse inside the monitor 2. stationary device with separate keyboard and mouse 3. less popular with gamers 4. good for businesses 5. lack expandability

In order to ensure that employees understand what's appropriate and what's inappropriate use of company computer equipment, software, and networks, employers must set ethical computer use standards. This includes which of the following?

1. instructing employees on standards 2. enforcing standards by creating firewalls, monitoring protocols, and filters 3. periodically reviewing computer-use policies

2 characteristics of memory

1. no moving parts 2. electronic (solid state)

2 common features in DSLR cameras are

1. often allow interchangeable lenses 2. usually have a mirror that allows the photographer to look directly through the lens

3 current uses for RFID tags

1. pet identification 2. package tracking 3. inventory tracking

Characteristic of utility computers

1. program that preforms a specific type of maintenance task 2. included in both windows and Mac 3. examples include disk formatting, disk cleanup, and disk defragmenting

Two characteristic of resolution in output devices

1. the number of pixels in a display 2. quality of the image

Characteristics of Instagram include:

1. the profile section lists your name, birthday, gender, and phone number 2. if you don't want to be tracked, turn off the geo-tagging setting 3. Foursquare for location

characteristics of solid state drive storage devices.

1.durable, no moving mechanical parts 2. uses electronic circuits to store data

"Full HD" resolution is expressed as:

1920 x 1080

Twitter recommends using no more than how many hashtags on a tweet?

2

Personal computer CPU clock speeds range between ___

2 and 4 gigahertz

Most new laptop computers come with how much storage?

256 GB- 1 TB

According to YouTube, approximately how much video is uploaded to its site every minute?

300 hours

What type of printing is also known as additive manufacturing(AM), that sprays successive layers of materials to create an object?

3D

What is a channel of which information flows inside a digital device called?

A bus

What represents a letter, symbol, or number (one character)?

A byte

What describes the difference in brightness and luminance of white pixels compared to the luminance of black pixels?

A display's contrast ratio

A graphic representation of a process is called what?

A flowchart

What is the smallest element of an image?

A pixel

What is used to mechanically print large architectural designs?

A plotter

A set of programs that allow data to be exchanged on a website without changing the website's display is called what?

AJAX

What processor manufacturer was founded in 1969, and is featured in every major next generation gaming console (Xbox, etc.)?

AMD

What is the 8-bit coding scheme used to represent characters in a binary format?

ASCII

Business owners, copyright holders, and network administrators publish ___ so that users understand what is expected and permissible when they use the network, computer equipment, and/or software.

AUPs

video file compression formats.

AVI, MP4, QuickTime

What does APS CMOS and APS stand for when discussing digital camera or smartphone cameras stand for?

Active pixel sensor

A test of new software conducted by the programmers themselves or contracted evaluators working alongside the programmers is one of the first phases in testing process in the PDLC. This is referred to as what kind of test?

An alpha test

Firewire connectors are from what brand?

Apple

The mouse was developed by what company?

Apple

What is the width of the screen compared to the height of the screen referred to as?

Aspect ratio

3 e-commerce transactions

B2B, C2B, C2C

the 3rd generation of programming language that most students learned when most computer used MS DOS was what? remains safe programming language for third party code

BASIC

What is a device that is commonly used for checkout in stores and measures the reflection of a laser beam?

Barcode scanner

What is short range transmission protocol known as?

Bluetooth

What type of devices are becoming increasingly popular because of radio waves ability to pass through walls or desktops?

Bluetooth

CTRL +B

Bold

Most PC games are either written in what two codes?

C or C++

In addition to RAM, modern processors temporarily keep frequently accessed data in a what?

Cache

What has a relatively small amount of memory (measured in kilobytes or megabytes)?

Cache

What do the statements "written in natural language, such as English" and "written in the form of a flowchart so that it will be easier to convert into programming language" describe?

Computer programmer's algorithm

CTRL + C

Copy

Command + C

Copy

CTRL + X

Cut

Though it could theoretically hold terabytes of data for thousands of years in a microscopic space, ___ storage, using genetic material, is a distant storage option.

DNA

Which category of management information systems (MIS) focuses on providing forecasting capabilities for sales and production?

DSS

Screen size is measured by what across the monitor?

Diagonal

Screen size of computers is measured how?

Diagonal distance between the upper right and lower left corners of the screen

Flowchart symbol for decision point:

Diamond

What conversion system in the system of implementation of the SDLC shuts down the old system and starts the new system?

Direct

Using a stylus and touchpad to map the signature and also measure the pressure, pen angle, pen up/down, speed, etc. is know as what type of signature recognition?

Dynamic

The electronic communication for business transactions and information between people is called what?

EDI

Business management software that encompasses nearly all business activities in a corporation is called ___ software.

ERP

What is the art and science of creating output that provides information in the most useful manner called?

Ergonomics

True or False: All new laptops come with an optical drive installed

False

What are the colors that are used to create images in most output devices?

Green, red, and blue

What is the standard port for video and audio input into televisions today?

HDMI

The cost of an SSD is ___ than a traditional hard drive

Higher

What is computer hardware and software that an organization uses to increase its performance referred to as?

IT system

usual roles of information systems (IS) technicians.

Installing IS hardware and software, Maintaining IS hardware and software, Repairing and replacing IS hardware and software.

What processor manufacturer was founded in 1968, and is the world's largest manufacturer of processors?

Intel

The first step in the SDLC involves defining the problems the IT system should address, examining various alternatives, and reporting the findings. What is the step referred to as?

Investagation

Command + I

Italicize

What program makes data more readable to programmers by parsing XML files?

JSON

What is the object-programming language that is popular for writing apps for Android phones and tablets?

Java

What type of cache is located directly inside the processor?

L1

What display do most laptops, tablets, and smartphones use?

LCD

the process used to develop and maintain an IT system is called the SDLC. SDLC stands for the System Development ____ Cycle

Life

The technology (chips) that allow cell phone microphones and hearing aids to be so small is called what?

MEMS chips

What is the abbreviation for megahertz?

MHz

what is not a common port in laptop computers

MIDI ports

The 2 most common audio file formats are WAV and ___ .

MP4

Be careful to only open email from senders you know and trust. ___ may be contained in email messages.

Malware

Apple Pay uses what for payment transfer?

NFC

What is a commonly used short range wireless technology used for data transfer and electronic payments called?

NFC

When a computer is shut down, the information in the memory is ____

Not saved

What processor manufacturer was founded in 1993, and produces popular mobile device processors?

Nvidia

Curved and paper-thin displays use what type of display technology?

OLED

What is the technology called that uses the reflection of a laser of the graphite left by a #2 pencil to determine if a bubble is filled?

OMR

JSON stands for JavaScript _____ Notation

Object

8 bits create ___

One byte

What type of storage uses uses reflective material to store data that could be read with a laser?

Optical

What type of technology allows any text, even handwritten, to be digitized?

Optical character recognition

Flowchart symbol for start point or finish point:

Oval

What is running the processor faster than recommended by the manufacturer called? Can increase performance and speed, but will void the manufacturer warranty

Overclocking

What conversion system in the system of implementation of the SDLC lets old and new run side-by-side for awhile?

Parallel

Flowchart symbol for input or output point:

Parallelogram

Command + V

Paste

What conversion system in the system of implementation of the SDLC implements new areas of the system in a predetermined period of time?

Phased

What conversion system in the system of implementation of the SDLC starts in one area of the organization and then is deployed to the rest of the organization?

Pilot

The first step in the program development life cycle is "Defining the _____"

Problem

What is the largest memory of a computer, connected to the processor via the front side bus?

RAM

What does RFID stand for?

Radio frequency identification

Flowchart symbol for process or procedure:

Rectangle

What has an extremely small amount of memory (measured in bits) located throughout the processor?

Register

What are the number of pixels in a display called?

Resolution

Which category of management information systems (MIS) combines the forecasting capability of decision support software with the records keeping capability of transaction processing systems software to help businesses manage inventories efficiently?

SCMS

Most tablets and phones use _____ as their main storage device.

SSD

CTRL +A

Select all

What is a processor composed of a single control unit and one ALU called?

Single core processor

What are devices called that allow for the retention of data even after the device has been shut down?

Storage devices

Apple developed what programming language for writing software for the Mac OS and the iOS ?

Swift

Which category of management information systems (MIS) focuses on tracking sales and inventories?

TPS

Examples of management information systems (MIS) include _____ .

TPS, DSS, ESS

What is the number of instructions a CPU can process per second measured by?

The clock speed/ clock rate

True or False: DSLR have full (35mm) sensor arrays enabling photographers to take high resolution photos

True

True or False: The processes of removing software from a computer is called uninstalling.

True

True or False: a computer platform is commonly referred to as an operating system or OS

True

What is the most common connector for peripherals?

USB

Command + Z

Undo last action

What coding scheme do many computers today use that uses at least 16 bits to represent a character?

Unicode

Middle managers

Use IS for record keeping and reporting purposes.

First level managers (supervisors, floor managers)

Use IS for scheduling daily and weekly operations.

Top level management (business executives and presidents)

Use IS to monitor overall business performance.

A #rd generation programming system that allows BASIC to be used with the advantages in graphical user interface is what?

VIsual Basic

What is the technology called that uses cameras, microphones, displays, speakers, and software to allow users to both see and hear each other?

Video conferencing

Most smartphones and tablets use what type of keyboard?

Virtual

What type of technologies use pitch, frequency, and speech rhythms compared to existing records?

Voice

Zip

a lossless compression format

CDs store data using ___ .

a reflective coating that has pits and lands

If a question can be answered either yes or no, or true or false, then what type of question is it?

binary

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) use several techniques to protect networks. One is called a "halt", which stops the hacker from progressing into the network. Another is called a(n) ___, which closes the access point used by the hacker.

block

One character of information, for example, a letter or a number consists of one ___ of storage

byte

Magnetic Ink Recognition (MICR) is a technology most commonly seen on what?

checks

Emailing a file to yourself is an example of using ___ storage.

cloud

tasks of a data analyst.

collects data, interprets information provided by the database, creates reports for senior management

What is the amount of data that defines each color pixel called?

color depth

Errors in data occurring while entering, reading, processing, storing or transmitting is known as data ___.

corruption

Collecting data, interpreting information gleaned from a database, and preparing reports for senior management are tasks that are typically assigned to a ___ .

data analyst

In order to ensure that employees understand what's appropriate and what's inappropriate use of company computer equipment, software, and networks, employers must set ethical computer use standards. Failure to set such policies can lead to which of the following?

decreased employee performance, decreased network speed, and increased likelihood of security breaches

the 3rd step in the SDLC has 3 phases: developing system proposals, selecting the best proposal, and reporting the seleted proposal to be developed. This is called the system ____ step

design

usual tasks of database administrators (DBAs).

establishes user privileges for the database to help protect the data, develops and maintains the database itself, monitors the database's performance

examples of storage devices

external hard drives, USB drives, and optical drive

Machine cycle consists of which four steps?

fetch, decode, execute, store

What is the number of times per second a frame in a video is advanced called?

frame rate

What is a strength of the Linux platform?

free to download

The level of complexity of the programming language is called the what of the programming language

generation

What is equal to one cycle per second?

hertz

A refracted laser beam striking a photoreceptor from many different angles allows ___ storage to retain many bits of data in the same location.

holographic

Josh is taking an Intro to Computers course and needs to use Microsoft Office to complete a variety of assignments. He has purchased the software, now he must _____ it so he can start his assignments.

install

What is the program that can be used to convert a single line of C# into machine language without having to compile the entire program is called a C# _____?

interpreter

Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)

legacy (outdated) lossless format

It's always a good idea to check the ___ before clicking Reply to All.

list of addresses

Because a metal platter is physically spinning, hard drives have ___ access times than solid state hard drives.

longer

A process that has an initial value, a process, and a test condition that can potentially return the program to the initial value is called a what?

loop

When referring to business information technology, MIS stands for ___ .

management information systems

One of the largest data requirements of the future will likely be ___ .

mapping patients' genomes

An electronic element that stores data by changing its resistance based on the current that has passed through it (similar to RRAM) is called a(n) ___ .

memristor

the usual tasks of database administrators (DBAs).

monitors the database's performance, develops and maintains the database itself, establishes user privileges for the database to help protect the data

Portable Network Graphics (PNG)

most popular lossless image compression format

Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG or JPG)

most popular lossy image compression format

what works really well when inputs can easily be placed into different categories or classes? a(n)______-oriented analysis

object

What manages hardware and software, supports the computer's basic functions, and runs programs?

operating system

Server banks have capacities measured in ___ .

petabytes

Blu-ray stores data using ___ .

pits and lands that are read by a blue spectrum laser beam

Converting a task into commands that a computer can use to perform the task is known as what?

programming

What is the term that describes an intermediate step in creating an algorithm from a flowchart? Written in natural language often including programming shorthand

pseudocode

Lossless

reduces space required by reducing redundancy within files

Lossy

reduces space required by removing less valuable data

Software that gives network administrators the ability to provide computer assistance from a central location by allowing them to display and control any computer on the network is called ___ software.

remote desktop

In general, the ___ the access time, the faster the hard drive.

shorter

Data from the hard drive reaches the CPU ______ than data from the RAM

slower

What are the factors that should be considered when purchasing external speakers for a digital device?

sound quality, portability, and price

The component of a computer that allows data to be retained after power is turned off is referred to as _______.

storage

Along with the From line, what is the most important factor in ensuring your business message is read?

subject line

What is the computer within your computer that creates images?

the GPU

In the body of a professionally formatted business email, where should a request be placed?

the first sentence

HTML in its 5th version allows content to be displayed on what?

the world wide web

Laser printers are popular in offices because they are relatively less expensive. Why are they less expensive?

they use less toner

True or False: DVDs use longer wavelength (red spectrum) lasers.

true

true or false: Maintenance type tasks can be executed using utility programs that are included with most operating systems.

true

WhatsApp users can send how many messages?

unlimited

A business brand is NOT derived from

what their competition perceives them to be

A form of Email fraud where criminals change the account where money is being transferred is called a ___ scam.

wire-wire

The maximum number of bits per instruction that a CPU can can process during one machine cycle is called what?

word size