Ch 1

What was the primary conclusion of Stanley Milgram's obedience research?

Average people will harm others if told to do so by an authority figure

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the __ include food, water, and shelter

Basic survival needs

Ashy wants to focus on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior. Which area of psychology should she work in?

Clinical psychology

William James was the ________.

First American psychologist

__ is a perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans.

Humanism

Which of the following exemplifies a personality trait?

Ida is charming

Which of the following is a feminist criticism of the science of psychology?

Male bias exists in science

According to Sigmund Freud, all of the following represent ways to access the unconscious mind except through __.

The use of reinforcement and punishment

Psychoanalytic theory focuses on _ and early childhood experiences.

a person's unconscious

Penelope studies how the structure and function of the nervous system is related to behavior. She is a ________.

biopsychologist

Which of the following is not part of feminist psychology?

favoring women over men

Which aspect of the scientific method occurs first?

hypothesis

According to the biopsychosocial model, what determines health?

interaction of biological,psychological, and social factors

Which of the following is a criticism of evolutionary psychology?

it ignores non-genetic factors in determining human behavior

If you show an adult a toy, and then hide it behind a curtain, the adult knows that the toy still exists. However, infants act as if a hidden object no longer exists. What does this exemplify?

object permanence

I provide Ralph with the positive reinforcement of a candy bar when he does something I like. I punish him by squirting him with a squirt gun when he does something I don't like. I am applying the principles of ________ in an attempt to modify Ralph's behavior.

operant conditioning

Edmund wants to identify relatively consistent patterns of thought and behavior, measure these traits, and determine how these traits interact in a particular context to determine how a person will behave in any given situation. Edmund wants to conduct research in the area of ________.

personality

In development psychology, there is an increasing interest in researching cognitive changes that occur later in life. Why?

population of developed nations are living longer

Behaviorism focuses on making psychology an objective science by ________.

studying overt behavior and deemphasizing the importance of unobservable mental process

Psychology is a social science discipline. Psychologist scientifically study _.

the mind and behavior