Ch. 1 and 4 back of book questions

How often should the elderly adult client receive an eye examination? 1. Every 12 months 2. Every 6 months 3. Every 18 months 4. Every 24 months

1. Every 12 months

What type of abuse is demonstrated by restraining an older adult in a recliner? 1. Physical Abuse 2. Neglect 3. Emotional Abuse 4. Self-neglect

1. Physical Abuse

Which type of elder abuse is demonstrated by failure to provide adequate medical care? 1. Physical abuse 2. Neglect 3. Emotional abuse 4. Self-neglect

2. Neglect

Which of the following facilities would be recommended for a patient who has had a hip replacement and needs physical therapy? 1. Basic Care facility 2. Skilled Nursing Care 3. Community based Group Housing 4. Assisted-Living residence

2. Skilled Nursing Care

An 80-year-old woman who is recovering from a stroke is being sent to a skilled nursing facility. She is concerned about the expense. The nurse can decrease anxiety by explaining that Medicare will cover extended-care facility costs for what period of time? 1. 30 days 2. 45 days for Physical Therapy 3. 100 days for Skilled care 4. Until discharged to home

3. 100 days for Skilled care

When was Medicare legislation established? 1. 1940 2. 1951 3. 1965 4. 1974

3. 1965

What would be the most important suggestion for the nurse to give her 75-year-old patient in an attempt to prevent a potential drug interaction? 1. Seek medical care from only one physician 2. Read up on all drugs that are prescribed 3. Keep a current list of medications that he currently taking 4. Use only one pharmacy to fill prescriptions

3. Keep a current list of medications that he currently taking

A 75-year-old man who has been hospitalized following a sever case of pneumonia is concerned about his mounting hospital cost and asks if Medicare coverage will pay for his care. What would be the most helpful response? 1. Medicare Part C pays for all hospital cost for persons over age 55 2. Medicare Part B pays hospital cost 3. Medicare Part A covers inpatient hospital cost 4. Medicare Part D pays for 80% of charges made by the physician

3. Medicare Part A covers inpatient hospital const

The Home Health nurse suggests to the 82-year-old client that he wear a Medic-Alert bracelet. Which of the following health conditions prompted the nurse to make this suggestion? 1. Artificial leg 2. Congestive Heart Failure 3. Pacemaker 4. Eye prosthesis

3. Pacemaker

The nurse is teaching a newly diagnosed diabetic patient regarding the diabetic diet. Which of the following factors will have the biggest impact on compliance? 1. Clarity of instructions 2. Severity of disease 3. Timing of instructions 4. Motivation of the patient

4. Motivation of the patient

An older adults does not follow through with health recommendations from the primary health care provider. The older adult does not take prescribed medications or keep medical appointments. Which patient problem should the LPN/LVN anticipate seeing on the care plan? 1. Nonadherence with the treatment plan 2. Insufficient knowledge 3. Chronic confusion 4. Altered family coping

Correct answer: 1 A person is said to be nonadherent with the treatment plan when he or she fails to follow through with recommended health practices. Failing to take prescribed medications, failing to attend scheduled medical appointments, and failing to follow prescribed diets are examples of nonadherent behaviors.

What is probably the most significant issue to impact the older adult and their family? 1. Loss of independence 2. Change in physical appearance 3. Decreased financial resources 4. Sensory and cognitive decline

Correct answer: 1 Loss of independence is probably the most significant issue that aging parents and their children must face.

Which is true of the Baby Boom generation? 1. Members were born between 1946 and 1964 2. Members will all be age 65 or older by 2020 3. They outnumber the millennials 4. It comprises about one-third of the population today

Correct answer: 1 The Baby Boomers consist of people born after World War II between 1946 and 1964. This cohort accounts for approximately 22.9% of all Americans today. Although now outnumbered by the millennials, the Baby Boomers account for almost 23% of the population and continue to have a significant influence in all areas of society. Presently 10,000 Baby Boomers reach age 65 years every day. The oldest Baby Boomers reached age 65 years in 2011; by 2029, all Baby Boomers will be 65 years or older.

The nurse recognizes that regular dental visits are: 1. Necessary for only those older adults who still have their natural teeth. 2. Recommended on a yearly basis for all older adults, even those with dentures 3. Not necessary if the person brushes and flosses properly 3 times a day 4. Desirable, but not necessary unless pain or another problem occurs

Correct answer: 2 Dental examinations should be obtained, and inspection of the oral cavity performed, on a regular basis (at least once a year) for all older adults. Older adults who wear dentures still need regular oral examinations, because oral cancer occurs more frequently in the older adult population with the average age at diagnosis of 62 years.

What does the Durable Power of Attorney for health care enable the health agent to do? 1. Decide whether the older adult should be resuscitated 2. Act only when the older adult is unable to act for himself or herself 3. Determine when the older adult should be hospitalized 4. Change care decisions if they think these will benefit the older adult

Correct answer: 2 Durable power of attorney for health care transfers the authority to make health care decisions to another person called the health care agent. The agent may act only in situations in which the person is unable to make decisions for himself or herself.

What is the overall percentage of senior citizens who live in an institutional setting? 1. Approximately 1% 2. Approximately 3% 3. Approximately 11% 4. Approximately 17%

Correct answer: 2 Most older adults either live with a spouse or alone. Approximately 3% of older adults live in institutional settings such as nursing homes, although this figure increases to about 9% for people over age 85 years.

What is the activity that best promotes health maintenance for the typical older adult? 1. One hour of low impact tai chi per week 2. One 30-min walk, 3 to 5 times a week 3. step aerobics for 20 minutes. 2 times a week 4. Riding for 5 to 10 minutes on a stationary bike, daily

Correct answer: 2 Regular exercise should be a part of any daily plan for older adults. Exercise can help keep the joints flexible, maintain muscle mass, control blood glucose levels and weight, and promote a sense of well-being. To be of most benefit, exercise should consist of at least 30 minutes of continuous activity. The type, level, and amount of exercise that is most beneficial differ for each person and should be based on physician recommendations.

Which immunizations should older adults receive on a yearly basis? (Select all that apply.) 1. Pneumonia vaccine 2. Influenza vaccine 3. Tetanus vaccine 4. Polio vaccine 5. Hepatitis B vaccine

Correct answer: 2 The influenza vaccine must be obtained on a yearly basis, usually in the fall, because the strain of the virus changes frequently. Healthy adults are recommended to receive each of the two pneumococcal vaccines after 65 years of age, at least 1 year apart. The Tdap vaccine is recommended for anyone who has never had the vaccine, including adults over age 65 years. It only needs to be administered once in a lifetime. Polio vaccine is not recommended to be received on a yearly basis. The need for the hepatitis B immunization is based on individual risk factors and should be discussed with a the primary care provider. Typhoid vaccine is not recommended to be received on a yearly basis.

When was medicare legislation established? 1. 1940's 2. 1950's 3. 1960's 4. 1970's

Correct answer: 3 Initial Medicare legislation was established in 1965.

Which type of document indicates someone's wishes by creating physician orders to be followed? 1. Advance directive 2. Living will 3. Durable power of attorney for health care 4. POLST

Correct answer: 4 POLST, or physician orders for life-sustaining treatment, is a legal document that creates actual doctor's orders to be carried out by emergency personnel. The POLST includes specifics about CPR (attempt resuscitation or allow natural death), medical interventions (comfort care, limited interventions, or full treatment including when to transfer to hospital), antibiotics (use freely, use for comfort, or don't use at all), and artificial nutrition (no tube feeding, trial of tube feeding, or long-term tube feeding).

A nurse is assessing an older adult who was admitted to the emergency room accompanied by her daughter with whom she resides. What observation might arouse suspicion of elder abuse? (Select all that apply.) 1. Bruises are observed on the arms and upper body. 2. The daughter answers all questions for her mother 3. She has body odor and soiled clothing. 4. Skin is intact with good turgor. 5. The daughter states her mother does not get along with the grandchildren

Correct answers: 1, 2, 3 A sign that may indicate elder abuse is bruises on the older person, particularly clustered on the trunk or upper arms. A sign that may indicate elder abuse is the older person demonstrating excessive agreement or compliance with the caregiver. A sign that may indicate elder abuse is the older person showing signs of poor hygiene, such as body odor, uncleanliness, or soiled clothing or undergarments. The daughter stating that her mother does not get along with the grandchildren is not a sign that may indicate elder abuse. Skin intact with good turgor is not a sign that may indicate elder abuse.

Your patient tells you she understands that she is at greater risk of certain diseases because of her Hispanic American heritage. Based on what you have learned, which disorder(s) might she be at greater risk for? (Select all that apply.) 1. Obesity 2. Stomach cancer 3. Diabetes mellitus 4. Hypertension 5. Cervical cancer 6. Breast cancer

Correct answers: 1, 2, 3, 5 Hispanic-Americans are at increased risk for obesity, diabetes, cervical cancer, and stomach cancer. The highest rates of hypertension are present among the African-American population. The highest rates of breast cancer occur among white women and black women.

Which statements are true regarding older adults? (select all that apply.) 1. Most older adults live independently. 2. older adults typically remain sexually active 3. Older adults are a very diverse group of people 4. Most older adults experience significant personality changes. 5. Older adults suffer from depression more than younger adults.

Correct answers: 1, 2, 3, 5 Most older people live independently, not in institutions. Older adults typically remain sexually active, although frequency may decline. Older adults are indeed a very diverse group of individuals. For most older adults, if there is a decline in some intellectual abilities, it is not severe enough to cause problems in daily living. Most older adults do in fact maintain close contact with family. It is a myth that they are often cognitively impaired. Personality remains relatively consistent throughout the life span. Community-dwelling older adults have lower rates of diagnosable depression than younger adults. It is a myth that most older adults are depressed. Most older people successfully adjust to the challenges of aging. It is a myth that most older people are sick, frail, and dependent on others.

Which are true statements regarding economic security in older adults? (Select all that apply.) 1. Securing a reverse mortgage is the best way to ensure economic security for the older adult 2. Fewer older adults will be receiving pensions in the years to come 3. Most older adults qualify for government income programs 4. The typical older adult lives below the poverty level 5. Social Security income accounts for almost half of the income for people age 65 and older

Correct answers: 2, 3, 5 Many older adults bought their homes when housing costs and inflation were low; however, a reverse mortgage is not for everyone: if someone does not live in their home for an extended period (such as a year), the mortgage can come due, sometimes requiring the sale of the house. The number of older adults who receive pensions is greater now than it will be in the future. Most older adults qualify for government income programs. Ninety-seven percent of people over age 60 years receive Social Security benefits or will in the future; Social Security Income accounts for almost half of the income for people age 65 years and older.

When attempting to help an older adult improve his or her health maintenance practices, the nurse will need to assess which factors? (Select all that apply.) 1. Physical strength and endurance 2. Availability of transportation 3. Cultural beliefs 4. Cognitive and sensory changes 5. Socioeconomic status 6. Religious beliefs 7. Social support system 8. Educational system

Correct answers: 3, 5, 6, 8 Health maintenance practices in older adults are influenced by personal beliefs, religious and cultural beliefs, socioeconomic status, education, and life experiences.