Ch 1
Nursing Process
five-step systematic method for giving patient care; involves assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementing, and evaluating
nursing process
five-step systematic method for giving patient care; involves assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementing, and evaluating
Which organization has established standards that help the nurse determine which clinical actions fall under the scope of nursing practice?
American Nurses Association
A nurse wishes to pursue a degree as a nurse practitioner. What is the minimal degree needed by the nurse?
Master's
The RN is working with hospital administrators to transform care at their facility. Which nursing competency will be critical for the nurse to utilize?
Work effectively in interdisciplinary teams
The need for university-based nursing education programs was brought to light during which important historical time?
World War II
Which scenario is the best example of the nurse acting as an advocate?
Writing legislation for insurance coverage for screening colonoscopies
A registered nurse (RN) is caring for four clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which task is most appropriate for the nurse to delegate to the licensed practical nurse (LPN)?
administering bedside blood glucose testing
The nurse graduated several years ago from a 2-year nursing program at a community college near the home city. Recently, the nurse has considered moving from providing direct client care into an administrative role, but recognizes the need for further education to be considered for such a position. The nurse most likely possesses which nursing qualification?
associate degree
A nurse mentoring second-year nursing students from a community college plans clinical experiences for them. These students will most likely graduate in which time frame?
at the end of the year
The nurse is caring for a postoperative client. The health care provider has written a prescription for a pain medication, and the prescription gives a dosage range for the amount the nurse may give depending on the severity of the client's pain. This type of functioning within the health care team is called:
collaborative functioning.
burnout
cumulative state of frustration with the work environment that develops over a long time; (2) behaviors exhibited as the result of prolonged occupational stress
Which nursing action best exemplifies the nurse's role in promoting health?
encouraging a group of junior high school students to engage in regular physical activity
secondary traumatic stress
feeling of despair caused by the transfer of emotional distress from a victim to a caregiver, which often develops suddenly
What was one barrier to the development of the nursing profession in the United States after the Civil War?
lack of educational standards
nurse practice act
law established to regulate nursing practice
Due to the rising cost of health care services, many procedures and treatments are being delivered in what type of setting?
outpatient facilities
reciprocity
process allowing a nurse to apply for and be endorsed as a registered nurse by another state
nursing
profession that focuses on the holistic person receiving health care services and provides a unique contribution to the prevention of illness and maintenance of health
standards
rules or guidelines that allow nurses to carry out professional roles, serving as protection for the nurse, the patient, and the institution where health care is given
The nurse is utilizing knowledge about a blood pressure medication's actions and side effects to determine whether or not to give a client, whose blood pressure is low, the prescribed blood pressure medication. What best describes the aspect of nursing demonstrated?
science of nursing
health
state of optimal functioning or well-being
A nurse practicing in a primary care center uses the ANA's Nursing's Social Policy Statement as a guideline for practice. Which purposes of nursing are outlined in this document? Select all that apply.
A definition of the scope of nursing practice The establishment of a knowledge base for nursing practice A description of nursing's social responsibility
A nurse working in a rehabilitation facility focuses on the goal of restoring health for patients. Which examples of nursing interventions reflect this goal? Select all that apply.
A nurse counsels adolescents in a drug rehabilitation program A nurse performs range-of-motion exercises for a patient on bedrest A nurse shows a diabetic patient how to inject insulin
Florence Nightingale introduced the concept of apprenticeship for nurses. Which statement is an example of this?
Completing clinical hours supervised by a nursing instructor
The nurse is explaining to a nursing colleague why there should be only one entry into the profession. What is the best statement by the explaining nurse?
"Multiple methods of preparation are confusing to consumers."
The first nursing journal owned, operated, and published by nurses was:
American Journal of Nursing
After hearing a presentation about the American Nurses Association (ANA), a nurse decides to join the organization based on the understanding that:
ANA aims at fostering high standards of nursing in the United States.
The nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of cancer, and allows the client to verbalize fears relating to how to tell the children. The nurse's intervention reflects which aspect of nursing?
art of nursing
A prospective student is interested in alternate emerging pathways to the nursing profession instead of the traditional programs. What pathways should the student be advised to research? Select all that apply.
RN completion programs for LPNs Entry level master's degree programs
licensure
to be given a license to practice nursing in a state or province after successfully meeting requirements
A client asks an RN to prescribe a medication for pain. What is the best answer by the nurse?
"Only advanced practice registered nurses have prescriptive authority."
In what time period did nursing care as we now know it begin?
18th to 19th century
Healthy People 2020 Goals
1. Attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death. 2. Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups. 3. Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all. 4. Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages.
4 blended competencies
1. cognitive 2. technical 3. interpersonal 4. ethical/legal
Nursing in the United States is regulated by the state nurse practice act. What is a common element of each state's nurse practice act?
Defining the legal scope of nursing practice
What is the best nursing intervention to promote health in a client at risk for heart disease?
Emphasizing a client's strengths to encourage weight loss
Which action should the nurse implement when working with a medically homeless client?
Encourage client to utilize the free health care clinic.
Nurses today complete a nursing education program, and practice nursing that identifies the personal needs of the patient and the role of the nurse in meeting those needs. Which nursing pioneer is MOST instrumental in this birth of modern nursing?
Florence Nightingale
The nurse is documenting the client's response to a medication. This action reflects a practice that was started by which key figure in nursing's history?
Florence Nightingale
Florence Nightingale's contributions include
Identifying the personal needs of the patient and the role of the nurse in meeting those needs Establishing standards for hospital management Establishing a respected occupation for women Establishing nursing education Recognizing the two components of nursing: health and illness Believing that nursing is separate and distinct from medicine Recognizing that nutrition is important to health Instituting occupational and recreational therapy for sick people Stressing the need for continuing education for nurses Maintaining accurate records, recognized as the beginnings of nursing research
The nurse discussing the importance of professional nursing organizations setting standards should include which statement?
It helps identify nursing as a profession.
A nurse is practicing as a nurse-midwife in a busy OB-GYN office. Which degree in nursing is necessary to practice at this level?
MSN
A nurse instructor outlines the criteria establishing nursing as a profession. What teaching point correctly describes this criteria? Select all that apply.
Nursing is a recognized authority by a professional group Nursing has a code of ethics Nursing is influenced by ongoing research
What might a nurse need to do to ensure the continuation of his or her nursing license?
Obtain continuing education credits
According to the National Advisory Council on Nurse Education and Practice, what is a current health care trend contributing to 21st century challenges to nursing practice?
Older and more acutely ill patients
Then nurse is providing flu shots to older adult clients at a nurse-managed wellness center. This is an example of which aim of nursing?
Preventing illness
The registered nurse communicates with the physical therapist that a client is now on strict bed rest due to bradycardia. Which statement best explains the standard exemplified by the nurse?
The RN coordinates care delivery.
The nurse conducts a home safety assessment for a client. Which statement best explains the standard of care being implemented?
The RN promotes a safe environment.
A nurse is providing care for clients in a long-term care facility. What should be the central focus of this care?
The client receiving the care
The role of nurses in today's society was influenced by the nurse's role in early civilization. Which statement best portrays this earlier role?
The nurse was the mother who cared for her family during sickness by using herbal remedies.
A nurse is caring for a patient in the ICU who is being monitored for a possible cerebral aneurysm following a loss of consciousness in the emergency department (ED). The nurse anticipates preparing the patient for ordered diagnostic tests. What aspect of nursing does this nurse's knowledge of the diagnostic procedures reflect?
The science of nursing
Nurses today work in a wide variety of health care settings. What trend occurred during World War II that had a tremendous effect on this development in the nursing profession?
There was a shortage of nurses and an increased emphasis on education.
A registered nurse wishes to work as a nurse researcher. Which is true regarding nurse researchers?
They are responsible for the continued development and advancement of nursing.
profession
an occupation that meets specific criteria including a well-defined body of specific and unique knowledge, a code of ethics and standards, ongoing research, and autonomy
A nurse is considering relocating to another state to practice nursing. Which is the most appropriate action by the nurse to ensure ability to practice in the new state?
applying for a reciprocal license in the new state
mindfulness
capacity to intentionally bring awareness to present-moment experience with an attitude of openness and curiosity; mindfulness promotes healing as you pause, focus on the present, and listen
factors that affect health
genetic inheritance, cognitive abilities, educational level, race and ethnicity, culture, age and biological sex, developmental level, lifestyle, environment, and socioeconomic status
The primary aim of the Healthy People 2020 initiative is:
health promotion.
The nurse is discussing the recommended entry level for professional nursing practices. Which is the most accurate statement by the nurse?
"BSN is the recommended entry level by national nursing organizations."
The nurse is caring for a client who ascribes to the theory of animism. When attempting to explain this theory to other staff members, the nurse should state:
"Everything in nature is alive with invisible forces."
The nurse is evaluating client health. Which client should the nurse determine to be exhibiting the most signs of health?
A client with a leg amputation who performs activities of daily living with a prosthesis
A nurse is planning to pursue further education in the hopes of becoming an expert in geriatric nursing who carries out direct care. For which expanded career role is the nurse preparing?
Clinical nurse specialist
The registered nurse is performing a nutritional assessment to ensure that the client's diet is optimal for wound healing. The nurse's intervention can be traced back to which key contributor to nursing?
Florence Nightingale
What type of nursing program would allow a student with a 4-year degree in psychology to enter and complete a baccalaureate degree in nursing, take the NCLEX examination, and transition into a Master of Science in nursing (MSN) program?
Graduate entry program
Florence Nightingale was a nursing pioneer who challenged prejudices against women and elevated the status of all nurses. Which statement accurately describes one of her accomplishments?
She promoted the publication of books about nursing and health care.
During the course of any given day of work in the acute care setting, the nurse may need to perform which roles? Select all that apply.
Teacher Counselor Communicator
Which nursing actions demonstrate the aim of nursing to facilitate coping? Select all that apply.
Teaching a client and her family how to live with diabetes Providing counseling for the family of a teenager with an eating disorder Assisting a client and his family to prepare for death
What are the best examples of the role of the nurse as a communicator? Select all that apply.
Telling a client their blood pressure Calling a physician about a client's blood pressure Informing the physical therapist that the client's therapy was discontinued Discussing laboratory values with a client
Which explanation accurately differentiates the role of the registered nurse (RN) from that of the licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)?
The LPN/LVN should work under the supervision of an RN.
Which is the best example of a client-centered approach to care?
The nurse asks the client about health goals.
compassion fatigue
loss of satisfaction from providing good patient care
In the role of entrepreneur, the nurse's primary responsibility is:
managing a health-related business.
A medical-surgical unit manager intends to have licensed practical nurses (LPNs) in the unit administer intravenous push (IVP) medications. What source would the manager contact to include this procedure in the LPNs' practice?
state nurse practice act (NPA)
Four broad aims of nursing practice can be identified in the definitions of nursing:
To promote health To prevent illness To restore health To facilitate coping with disability or death
Which nursing group provides a definition and scope of practice for nursing?
American Nurses Association (ANA)
Which scenario is the best example of the nurse in the role of teacher/educator?
Assessing whether the client is able to perform a dressing change
The nurse is performing care for a client in the end stage of cancer. How can the nurse best facilitate the client and family's ability to cope? Select all that apply.
Assist the client with activities of daily living (ADLs). Refer the client and family to hospice services. Assist the client and family with the preparation for end-of-life.
The diploma nurse is considering obtaining a baccalaureate degree. Which degree should the nurse investigate?
RN to BSN
The nurse is attempting to provide anticipatory guidance for the parents of an 18-month-old child. Which statement would be best for the nurse to make?
"Keep all medications in a locked cabinet."
Nurses prevent illness primarily by teaching and by personal example. Examples include:
Educational programs in areas such as prenatal care for pregnant women, smoking-cessation programs, and stress-reduction seminars Community programs and resources that encourage healthy lifestyles, such as aerobic exercise classes, "swimnastics," and physical fitness programs Literature, television, radio, or Internet information on a healthy diet, regular exercise, and the importance of good health habits Health assessments in institutions, clinics, and community settings that identify areas of strength and risks for illness
A prospective nursing student desires a career that will allow the opportunity to provide client care and to assist professional nurses with routine technical procedures. The prospective student needs to be employed in a full-time position quickly due to economic hardship. What type of nursing program would best suit this student?
licensed or vocational nursing program
The nurse is performing an extensive dressing change on a client with burns. The nurse explains each step as it is being performed. The nurse is acting in which role by providing explanation of each step?
Educator