Ch 1 Review

Many insects do not see into the red color-range and as a result, many insect-pollinated flowers have colors other than red (e.g., purple and yellow). This flower coloration would be considered a(n) what?

Adaptation.

Based on the evolutionary tree of the three domains, which of the following is true? A. All three domains have a common ancestor. B. Domain Bacteria and Domain Archaea are more closely related to each other than to Domain Bacteria. C. The Eukarya have remained the same throughout evolutionary time. D. All three domains are equally related to one another. E. The Eukarya are the common ancestors to the three domains.

All three domains have a common ancestor.

What is a controlled experiment?

An experiment in which there are at least two groups, one of which does not receive the experimental treatment.

A structure, such as a flower in plants, or a liver in the animals, consisting of the tissues organized to carry out a specific function is a(an) what?

An organ.

The four kingdoms included in the domain Eukarya are what?

Archaea, Bacteria, Plantae, and Animalia.

Prokaryotes belong to what domain?

Archaea.

What is the correct sequence of the following biological components going from smallest to largest? [Atom, cell, molecule, organelle, tissue]

Atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue.

Which types of cells utilize deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as their genetic material but do not have their DNA enclosed within a nuclear membrane?

Bacteria.

In an experimental procedure, the researcher measures changes, such as cell growth rates, numbers of patients with a disease, etc. in response to factors manipulated at the beginning of the experiment. This measure of change in response to the initial conditions is called the what?

Dependent variable.

In the different Hawaiian Islands, various species of the honeycreeper birds have a variety of different length of their bills (beaks), but the entire species have a similar size and body shape. This is an example of what?

Descent with modification.

A biologist is studying how the pollution affects algae growth and snail populations in a portion of Lake Erie. What level of organization is she studying?

Ecosystem.

What domain includes both the unicellular and multicellular organisms?

Eukarya.

Which of the following properties or processes, do we associate with the living things?

Evolutionary adaptations, energy processing, responding to the environment, and growth and reproduction.

True or False? The mountain zebra (Equus zebra) and the donkey (Equus asinus) belong to the same species.

False, because the specific epithet is different.

Scientists were studying the temperature variation among the pregnant brown bats. What would be the best Control group for this study?

Female bats that were not pregnant.

Which of these statements best expresses the common linkage among the life characteristics met in all organisms? A. Energy is needed conduct the processes of life. B. Organisms are composed of the same elements as the rest of Earth's systems. C. No changes in organisms will happen without reproduction of new generations. D. If there is any variation in the environment, organisms must adapt to preserve their homeostasis.

If there is any variation in the environment, organisms must adapt to preserve their homeostasis.

Female fireflies emit flashes of light that attract males. This communication is an example of which characteristic of life?

Interactions with the environment.

The main source of energy for the producers in an ecosystem is what?

Light energy.

After spending an hour working outside in the hot, sunny weather, a person typically perspires and will need to drink water. This is part of what?

Maintaining homeostasis.

The most restrictive taxonomy category" and "the ability to breed only among themselves" refers to what?

Members of the same species.

Which of these is not a required characteristic of life? Structural organization, homeostasis, evolution, energy use, or movement?

Movement.

To be considered 'life,' an organism must minimally consist of what?

One or more cells.

A localized group of organisms that belong to the same species is called what?

A population.

When applying the process of science, what is tested?

A prediction.

How does a theory differ from a hypothesis?

A theory has predictive power for similar phenomena that haven't been observed yet, ties together many existing observations, has more supportive research evidence than a hypothesis, and is broader in scope than a hypothesis.

Charles Darwin, after observing variability among plant and animal species in various locations proposed an explanation which included reasons that species could be modified through genetic variation, leading to measurable similarity and difference. The evidence for his proposal came from biological, geographic and geological observations. His proposal allowed for prediction of new species that might be found in new settings, based on environmental conditions. Darwin's proposal is an example of what?

A theory.

What is the smallest unit of life?

A cell.

What is a hypothesis?

A tentative explanation that can be tested and is falsifiable.

What does homeostasis mean?

Conditions inside a cell or organism remain within a constant range.

Organisms that obtain energy by eating nutrients that make up other organisms are called what?

Consumers.

The lowest level of biological organization that can perform all the activities required for life is what?

Organism.

What process transforms solar energy into chemical energy?

Photosynthesis.

What is the correct sequence for the levels of biological organization occurring beyond the individual?

Population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere.

Organisms that make their own nutrients by capturing energy from nonliving resources (solar energy) are called what?

Producers.

A major difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is that prokaryotes lack what?

Prokaryotes lack a nucleus.

Which of the following classification categories for the humans is not correct? A. Homo Sapiens: Binomial Name B. Homo: Genus C. Animalia: Kingdom D. Sapiens: Family E. Domain: Eukarya

Sapiens: Family

List the following classification categories from the least to most inclusive: [Class, domain, family, genus, kingdom, phylum, order, species]

Species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain.

Which branch of biology is concerned with the naming and classifying of organisms?

Taxonomy.

What did Charles Darwin propose after observing the 11-inch long nectaries of the A. sesquipedale orchid in Madagascar?

The existence of a pollinator moth with a proboscis of 10-11 inches.

Which of the following is an example of the qualitative data? A) The temperature decreased from 20°C to 15°C. B) The plant's height is 25 centimeters (cm). C) The fish swam in a zig-zag motion. D) The 6 pairs of robins hatched an average of three chicks. E) The contents of the stomach are mixed every 20 seconds.

The fish swam in a zig-zag motion.

The dynamics of any ecosystem include what major processes?

The flow of energy from sunlight to producers and then to consumers, and finally, the recycling of chemical nutrients.

In the plant leaves the chloroplasts convert the energy of the sunlight into what?

The potential energy of the chemical bonds in glucose.

In an experiment, which of the following is not a true statement? A. The larger the sample size the more meaningful the results. B. It is important to standardize aspects of an experiment that might affect the outcome, other than the independent variable. C. Without the proper control an experiment is not valid. D. The smaller the sample size the more meaningful the results.

The smaller the sample size the more meaningful the results.

Which of these provides evidence of the common ancestry of all life? Use of catalyst (enzymes) by living organisms, the universal genetic code in all organisms, the structure of the nucleus, the structure of the cilia, or the structure of chloroplasts?

The universal genetic code in all organisms.