Ch 10-12 Study Material

Which of the following are guidelines for a speech title, if you use one?

-Keep the title brief. -Draw the attention of your audience. -Encapsulate the gist of your speech.

What is a recommended guideline to follow when starting your speech?

Don't start talking immediately.

True or false: Concluding a speech with a dramatic statement will confuse the audience into thinking that the speech continues.

False

Which of the following is not a guideline for preparing the speaking outline?

Leave out the cues for how to deliver the speech.

If you were giving a speech on prostate cancer, which of the following would be a good way to begin the speech and capture the audience's attention?

Telling a story about someone who has suffered from the illness

Sydney is preparing a speaking outline for a speech to her English Literature class. Which of the following should she include between the introduction and the main body?

--Pause--- Body

Which of the following are reasons to use the conclusion to reinforce your speech's central idea?

-It will strengthen the audience's commitment to the central idea. -It will make the last impression forceful and favorable. -It will increase the audience's understanding.

Which of the following statements about the organization of a speaking outline is true?

It should use the same symbols and indentation pattern as the preparation outline

For her preview statement in a speech on credit card debt, Michelle said, "I have struggled, as I'm sure others in this group have, with credit card debt, and that is what I wish to speak about this morning. Credit card debt is one of the major problems facing the American consumer today. According to government sources, the credit card delinquency rate (that is, the percentage of credit card holders more than 90 days late in their payments) has risen 15% this year." Which of the following is a typical function of a preview statement that Michelle did not provide?

Listing the main points of the speech

The ______ outline is constructed during the process of putting your speech together.

preparation

Mei is giving a speech on caring for dogs. She has finished speaking on her final main point. Which of the following would be a good choice of words for Mei to signal that her speech is about to end?

-As I've discussed in this speech, caring for a dog includes feeding it quality food, grooming it regularly, and taking the time to exercise it. -Let me end by saying that a dog can be an excellent addition to your family if you take the time to properly care for it.

Which of the following are recommended reasons to keep the speaking outline free of too many details?

To enhance effective, direct communication To help speakers maintain eye contact with the audience

Nathan asks his audience a rhetorical question. What does he expect from his listeners?

He expects them to answer his question in their heads.

What is the name of the element of a conclusion that spells out what the central idea and the main points of the speech were?

Summary

Which of the following topics would be treated as an informative speech about an event?

The signing of the Declaration of Independence

In relation to an informative speech, anything that has a visible, tangible, and stable form is

an object.

Delivery cues help improve a speech by

reminding the speaker when certain sections need different pacing or emphasis.

What is an essential function of the conclusion?

To reinforce the central idea of the speech

A speaking outline for an extemporaneous speech should include

delivery cues.

True or false: A preparation outline can be turned into a speaking outline by removing the title, labels, and bibliography.

false

A conclusion that generates emotional appeal by fading gradually is called a ______ ending.

dissolve

Which of the following are recommended guidelines for the preparation of a speech introduction?

Make note of any possible introductory materials you see during research. Be creative and experiment with two or three different openings. Keep the introduction relatively brief.

Which of the following points is broadest and thus would be the main point under which the others would be subpoints?

Therapists often provide their patients with a variety of treatment options.

Select all the aspects that a speaker should pay special attention in a speech about a concept.

-Defining terms clearly -Using examples and comparisons -Avoiding technical language

Which of the following are common recommendations for helping ensure that the speaking outline can be easily seen as you are speaking?

-Leave extra spacing between lines. -Use large writing or printing.

When Maria wanted to help her audience understand what she meant by "empowerment," she told a descriptive story about how she started her own business. What guidelines for effective informative speaking did Maria fulfill?

She personalized her ideas. She described the abstract term "empowerment." She tried to avoid overestimating audience knowledge.

When Gabriela explained to audience members the feeling of isolation, she had them imagine life on a deserted island with only animals to talk to. What guidelines for informative speaking did Gabriela follow by doing this?

She was creative. She avoided abstractions.

Edwin gave a speech about Mt. Everest. He discussed the base camp at the foot of the mountain, the features of the slopes, and the summit. Which type of organizational pattern did Edwin use?

Spatial organization

Georges is preparing a speaking outline for an upcoming presentation at a regional economics conference. His outline contains a number of points and subpoints, many of which are supported by complex statistics and quotations from his extensive research. Which of the following items should be fully written out in his notes?

Supporting statistics Quotations

Which of the following should a speaker assume about his or her audience when giving an informative speech?

They know very little, if anything, about the subject.

Which of the following is a true statement about transitions, internal summaries, and internal previews?

They should be labeled in the preparation outline but not incorporated into the indentation and symbolization system.

Which of the following is a major objective of the introduction of a classroom speech?

To reveal the topic

Desta is giving a speech on building a garden and wants to make sure that she includes a preview statement in her introduction. Which of the following would be a good example of a preview for her speech?

Today I would like to discuss the steps for building your dream garden, including planning the layout, installing features, and planting greenery.

In a speech on supervolcanoes, the speaker describes the organization of her speech by saying "We'll first examine the mechanics of supervolcanoes. Second, we'll examine the way they shape our world. And third, we'll look at a supervolcano that's located right here in the United States." Based on this description, which organizational pattern did the speaker use?

Topical

One guideline for the preparation outline is to include the central idea.

True

True or false: You should practice the delivery of the conclusion.

True

In which of the following scenarios is it acceptable to use technical language in an informative speech?

When the audience specializes in the subject

Which of the following are guidelines for the preparation outline that will help you make sure your ideas are completely thought out and distinct?

Write out main points and subpoints as full sentences.

Which of the following statements are true concerning the audience's attention during a speech introduction?

You risk losing your audience if you don't capture their interest in the introduction.

The preparation outline usually includes ______ that lists sources that the speaker used to research the topic.

a bibliography

Along with a purpose statement, a preparation outline should include _____ to keep the speech focused and effective.

a central idea

Gary gave a speech at his university on how to use the student e-mail accounts. The type of informative speech he gave was a speech about

a process.

In order to give an interesting, engaging speech, you should not only follow the guidelines for informative speaking but also be ______ and use language imaginatively, descriptively, and clearly.

creative

One way to arouse the interest of the audience is to begin by

giving a provocative fact.

The statement in the introduction of a speech that identifies the main points to be discussed in the body is the ______ statement.

preview

Which of the following best defines an event?

something that happens

One guideline for the speaking outline is that it be

immediately legible.

You give your speech psychological unity when you use the conclusion to reinforce the central idea by referring to the

introduction

Morgan begins her speech by saying, "In Shakespeare's play Romeo and Juliet, Juliet says, 'A rose by any other name would smell as sweet.' When she says this, what she means is that the names of things do not matter. What really matters is what things are. I believe this same concept can be applied to dogs. A lot of people automatically say that pit bulls are dangerous without taking their training or individual personalities into account." What tactic has Morgan used to capture her audience's attention?

Beginning with a brief quotation

Multiple Choice Question Xander is giving a speech on the negative effects of caffeine. He knows that most of his listeners are daily coffee or tea drinkers and that they will resist his suggestions to cut back on caffeine. Which of the following statements would be an effective way for Xander to establish goodwill in the introduction to his speech?

Don't worry, I'm not going to suggest cutting out caffeine altogether. I would never make you give up your morning cup of coffee.

Todd is giving a speech on the importance of investing. During his speech, he tells the audience that he has a degree in finance and has worked for a major brokerage for 10 years. What has Todd done by sharing this information?

Established his credibility

Donna's preparation outline includes an introduction, body, and conclusion. Each of the sections include significant amounts of detail written in complete sentences and arranged in a visual framework that illustrates how each idea is related to the next. However, Donna is unsure whether her speech is going to accomplish what she set out to do. How can Donna best address this concern?

Include a purpose statement in the outline.

Maureen has prepared an outline for a speech that she is giving at a volunteer orientation meeting. She is worried that her speech does not include all its necessary elements. What is the best way for Maureen to ensure that her speech includes all the necessary parts?

Include labels in the preparation outline.

If you were giving a speech about foster care, which of the following would be an example of personalizing your ideas?

Including anecdotes about your own experiences with foster care

Annie is giving a speech on the dangers of drinking and driving and wants to end on an especially dramatic note to reinforce the serious consequences. Which of the following is a dramatic statement that fits Annie's goal?

Maybe you think you can get away with drunk driving, but you can't. Just hope you're caught before you hurt someone.

The audience's perception of whether the speaker has the best interests of the audience in mind is called

goodwill.

Danielle has created a preparation outline for an upcoming speech. Her outline includes a purpose statement, central idea, and bibliography, as well as brief notes on main points and subpoints using one or two words each. What is wrong with Danielle's outline?

Main points and subpoints should be stated in full sentences.

Ben, a former active street-gang member, is now a well-respected leader in a community center in Chicago. In a speech seeking support for the center from a group of area businesses, which of the following would be the most attention-getting way for him to begin his talk?

"I am not who you think I am."

Which of the following can be accomplished with delivery cues?

-Helping to control the timing and rhythm of a speech -Indicating when certain ideas or phrases need special emphasis

Which of the following statements describe a speaking outline?

-It is typically used in extemporaneous speeches. -It is used during the presentation of the speech.

Which of the following are guidelines for preparing the preparation outline?

-Label the introduction, body, and conclusion. -Identify the central idea. -State the specific purpose of your speech.

Which two of the following are benefits of labeling the introduction, body, and conclusion of your speech in your preparation outline?

-Labeling enables you to make sure your speech has all of the essential elements. -Labels can help you make sure you have accomplished the essential objectives of each element.

Tara is giving a speech on the how to get a U.S. passport for the first time. During her speech, she tells the audience the requirements for making an application and then the steps that must be followed. In her conclusion, she begins by saying, "In conclusion, when you apply for a passport, you will need proof of citizenship, a photo ID, a filled-out application form, and a photo that meets specific requirements. When you present these items at an acceptance facility, you will also need to pay a fee." How is Tara meeting the major objectives of a conclusion?

-She has given a summary of the main points of the speech. -She has signaled the end of her speech.

In the preparation outline, transitions and internal previews of the speech should be

-labeled separately from the symbolization and indentation system of the speech. -placed in the outline where they will be used in the speech.

Bruno is creating a preparation outline. Help him identify the relationship between his ideas below by ordering the sentences as they would appear in a hierarchy. Rank the broadest statement at the top and the sentence with the most narrow focus at the bottom.

1. Therapist 2. Therapy 3. Dogs are commonly used as therapy animals

Which of the following types of stories would be effective for use in the introduction to a speech?

A story about how a group you were with on a trip saved someone from serious injury or death A story about how you learned something surprising about someone close to you A little-told story about how someone who is now famous overcame difficulties to achieve success

Where should the purpose of a speech appear in a preparation outline?

As a separate unit before the outline

Sonia is preparing a speech about the health benefits of adding more fresh fruits and vegetables to the diet despite the convenience of chips, energy bars, and other processed foods. Which of the following would be the most forceful conclusion to her speech?

As writer Michael Pollan has said, "If it came from a plant, eat it; if it was made in a plant, don't."

When giving an informative speech on a subject that is highly technical, which of the following strategies should be used?

Assume that the audience knows nothing about the subject and use very simple language throughout the speech.

In an informative speech on supervolcanoes, the speaker uses visual aids to compare the power of a supervolcano eruption to a famous volcanic eruption, Mt. Vesuvius. Which guideline for informative speeches does this illustrate?

Avoid abstraction.

When Conrad assumed that everyone in his audience would understand his reference to "digital zoom" and "medium-format digital" in his speech on photography, which guidelines for effective informative speaking did Conrad fail to follow?

Avoid overly technical language. Do not overestimate what the audience knows.

Which of the following are guidelines for effective informative speaking?

Avoid technical language. Avoid abstractions. Personalize your ideas.

Which of the following terms refers to the list of sources used in preparing a speech?

Bibliography

Katya is giving a speech about her passion for raising chickens to a group of gardeners in the city where she lives, and she is deciding what to say in the introduction to her speech. Which of the following would likely gain the attention of the audience by directly relating her topic to them?

Chickens help get rid of insects and other garden pests. Composted chicken manure serves as an excellent fertilizer.

Trey plans to give a speech on the sophisticated measures used to make money difficult to counterfeit. He has prepared slides to show several features, including watermarks and color-shifting ink, that help identify real money. In addition to these slides, which of following is a visual aid that Trey might consider as an appropriate opener in his introduction to get the attention of his audience?

Close-up, side-by-side photographs of a real $100 bill and a counterfeit $100 bill

Which of the following are the recommended ways to avoid abstractions when giving a speech?

Compare. Describe. Contrast.

Which one of these is not a guideline for preparing the preparation outline?

Construct main points and subpoints as key words rather than sentences.

What quality must a speaker have to achieve all the guidelines for effective informative speaking?

Creativity

Katarina is required to give a speech to her sociology class as part of her evaluation. She has completed both a preparation outline and a speaking outline. Which of the following items are likely to appear in her speaking outline but not in her preparation outline?

Delivery cues Key words or phrases

Jo is giving a presentation on benefits to new employees at her company. Several times she references flexible spending accounts that employees can set up. When her speech is over, one new employee asks what Jo means by "flexible spending accounts." What guideline for effective informative speaking did Jo not follow?

Don't overestimate what the audience knows.

Today I would like to discuss the steps for building your dream garden, including planning the layout, installing features, and planting greenery.

False

True or false: One of the major functions of the conclusion of a speech is to establish your credibility with the audience.

False

True or false: Speakers should be creative in designing visual aids but should not be creative in their use of language.

False

True or false: Visual aids in a speech should be used only while presenting the main points in the body of the speech.

False

Pablo is giving a speech on his favorite book. He finishes his presentation by saying, "The finesse with which the author handled the conflict between the two main characters really solidified The Hidden Mind as my favorite book. William Caller is obviously a talented writer whose work will continue to entertain and challenge readers." Why is Pablo's conclusion not effective?

He did not signal the end of the speech.

Chris, a veteran, was invited to talk to middle-schoolers about the role of the Marines in Afghanistan, Chris used many acronyms, such as IED, AADS, MEDEVAC, and CBW. Based on this description, why was Chris not an effective informative speaker?

He was too technical.

Marco gave an informative speech on a new technique for producing prosthetic limbs using 3-D printing. To illustrate the benefits in human terms, he described a patient who was able to compete in a marathon run despite having had one leg amputated. Which of the following guidelines for effective informative speaking does this scenario illustrate?

Personalize your ideas.

Which of the following is not a tip for preparing the conclusion of your speech?

Prepare a long conclusion.

In her speech on voting technology, Vanda asked audience members if they had made their voices heard in the last municipal election. What guideline for effective informative speaking did Vanda's question fulfill?

Relate the subject directly to the audience.

Which of the following is the term for the notes used to jog a speaker's memory during the presentation of a speech?

Speaking outline

Jana has prepared an outline for a speech on the Hindenburg disaster, in which a large airship caught fire in New Jersey on May 6, 1937. Which of the following would be an appropriate speech title that makes use of the three guidelines for titles?

The Hindenburg Disaster

Cassidy has started discussing the first main point of her speech on growing orchids, but during the introduction she did not tell her listeners what the topic is. Which of the following statements is likely true about the audience?

The audience will be confused about what they are being told. The audience will not try to put much effort into following the speech.

Which of the following is the best example of a main point in a preparation outline?

The cost of a college education both at private and state schools has risen exponentially in recent years.

Which of the following statements is true about using an attention-getting quotation to get the interest of the audience in your speech?

The quotation should be relatively short.

Which of the following comes before the start of the preparation outline?

The specific purpose statement

What are recommended guidelines for using visual aids in the introduction of a speech?

They should be in good taste. They should relate directly to the speech topic. They should be chosen strategically.

Which of the following are functions of the conclusion of a speech?

To let the audience know you are ending To reinforce the audience's understanding or commitment to the central idea

Ana gave an informative speech to a driver's education class on how to parallel park a vehicle. Which of the following was most likely her goal?

To teach listeners to perform the process themselves

To use the speaking outline effectively as a guide while talking, the speaking outline should use the same _______ that was used in the preparation outline.

Visual framework

Stephanie's preparation outline includes a body section with three main points, each with several related subpoints. How should the relationship between ideas be indicated in the outline?

With a progressive series of numbers and indents

The type of informative speech that explains an idea or belief is a speech about

a concept.

Ending with ______ is the most effective option for reinforcing the central idea in the conclusion of a speech.

a quotation

As a speaker, you must always relate the speech topic to the interests and concerns of the

audience

A speaking outline should be as ______ as possible.

brief

Beliefs, theories, ideas, and principles are all examples of

concepts.

What is term for the audience's perception of how well a person is qualified to speak on a given topic?

credibility

According to the guidelines for informative speaking, the language used in an informative speech should be

personalized. concrete. creative.

Carlos has been asked to give a speech at an upcoming conference. In order to make sure his speech is properly organized and contains all the information he wants to express to his audience, Carlos should begin by creating a

preparation outline.

Erica begins her speech by saying, "Men in the audience: please stand up. Now I'll ask every other man, starting from this side of each row, to please sit down. Thank you. Those of you still standing represent 1 out of every 2 men in the class. As it happens, that is the proportion of men who will develop some type of invasive cancer in his lifetime." Erica has captured her listeners' attention by

startling the audience

Karissa is giving a speech about malaria to her class. In her introduction she says, "According to the World Health Organization, about 3.4 billion people—almost one-half the world's population—are at risk for contracting malaria." Karissa is capturing the audience's attention by

stating the importance of her topic.

A good way to reinforce the central idea in the conclusion of your speech is to

summarize your speech.

Fatima is giving a speech on the three uses of apostrophes and ends her speech by saying, "In conclusion, we have looked at the important role of apostrophes in the English language. You now know that apostrophes can indicate possession, form a contraction, and indicate time and measurements." Fatima has

summarized her main points to end her speech.

The hierarchy of a preparation outline indicates

the importance of ideas.

An effective technique to use in the conclusion of your speech to reinforce the central idea is to refer to

the introduction.

Carol is giving a process speech about various gardening techniques. She does not follow a step-by-step order but instead chooses some important elements of the process: picking fruit, preparing the soil, watering plants, and buying seeds. Carol's speech uses ______ organization.

topical