Ch. 10

The United States acquired free navigation of the Mississippi River and the large disputed territory north of Florida in

Pinckney's Treaty with Spain

In the 1796 presidential campaign, Jeffersonians especially attacked the Federalists for

crushing the Whiskey Rebellion and negotiating Jay's Treaty

Hamilton expected that the revenue to pay the interest on the national debt would come from

customs duties (tariffs) and excise taxes

The Bill of Rights was intended to protect ____ against the potential tyranny of ____.

individual liberties, a strong central government

According to the Federalists, the duty of judging the unconstitutionality of legislation passed by Congress lay with

the Supreme Court

Jefferson's arguments against the constitutionality of a Bank of the United States were based on the "strict construction" principles especially embodied in

the Tenth Amendment in the Bill of Rights

According to the "compact theory" advocated by Jefferson and Madison,

the federal government was the creation of the thirteen sovereign states

Hamiltonian Federalists particularly feared

the fickleness of the common people

The opposition of Thomas Jefferson and James Madison to the financial plan of Alexander Hamilton resulted in

the formation of permanent political parties

Washington's Neutrality Proclamation eventually came to be seen as the foundation of

the isolationist tradition of American foreign policy

When the new government was launched in 1789,

the nation's population was doubling about every twenty-five years

John Jay's 1794 treaty with Britain

created deeper splits between Federalists and Democratic-Republicans

To the Jeffersonian Republicans, the ideal citizen of a republic was a(n)

independent farmer

Match each political leader with his positions on public policy in the 1790s. A. Hamilton 1. privileges for the upper classes B. Jefferson 2. pro-British 3. government for the common people 4. potent central government 5. pay off the national debt 6. government support for business 7. pro-French 8. universal education

A-1, 2, 4, 6¾B-3, 5, 7, 8

Match the individual with his office in the new government. A. Thomas Jefferson 1. Supreme Court chief justice B. Alexander Hamilton 2. secretary of state C. Henry Knox 3. secretary of war D. John Jay 4. secretary of treasury

A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1

The ____ Amendment might rightly be called the "states' rights" amendment.

Tenth

All of the following is an accurate description of the young American nation except

a majority of the population was branching out west of the Appalachian Mountains

All of the following were part of Alexander Hamilton's economic program except

a monetary system based on silver

The aspect of Hamilton's financial program that received the least support in Congress, because of its heavy agricultural and commercial interests, was

a protective tariff

Alexander Hamilton's proposed bank of the United States was

based on the "necessary and proper," or "elastic," clause in the Constitution

The new Constitution did not provide for the creation of a(n)

cabinet

Thomas Jefferson argued that a landless class of voters could be avoided in part by

continuing slavery

One of the major criticisms of the Constitution by the antifederalists as drafted in Philadelphia was that it

did not provide guarantees for individual rights

One of the first jobs facing the new government formed under the Constitution was to

draw up and pass a bill of rights

Jeffersonians believed in all of the following except

every adult white male's right to vote

Hamilton believed that, together, his funding and assumption programs would

gain the financial and political support of the wealthy class for the federal government

The Jeffersonians were especially outraged by Jay's Treaty because

it seemed like an abject surrender of American interests to Britain in exchange for empty promises

One of George Washington's major contributions as president was

keeping the nation out of overseas entanglements and foreign wars

Thomas Jefferson appealed to all of the following groups except

merchants and manufacturers

The Neutrality Proclamation in 1793

officially proclaimed America's neutrality in Old World quarrels

President Adams sought a peaceful solution to the undeclared war with France in order to

prevent the outbreak of a dangerous full-scale war

In Jay's Treaty, the British

promised to evacuate the chain of forts in the Old Northwest

The Federalist-dominated Congress's Alien Act was aimed at ____ whereas the Sedition Act was primarily aimed at ____.

recent immigrants, newspapers

When the French Revolution developed into a war with Britain, George Washington and the American government

remained neutral

The Founders had not envisioned the existence of permanent political parties because they

saw them as a sign of disloyalty and lack of national unity

Britain made neutrality very difficult for the United States during the French and British conflicts of the 1790s by

seizing American merchant ships and sailors in the West Indies

The French revealed their growing hostility to the United States by

seizing hundreds of American merchant ships

Regarding central authority, early Americans saw it as all of the following except

something to be ultimately eliminated

Hamilton's major programs seriously infringed on

states' rights

Alexander Hamilton's financial plan for strengthening the economy and bolstering national credit proposed all of the following except

subsidies for manufacturers

Alexander Hamilton's Bank of the United States was modeled on

the Bank of England

The event of the 1790s that caused the deepest divisions in American political and social life was

the French Revolution

The early Federalist support for the French Revolution turned into angry hostility when

the Revolution turned more radical and began its Reign of Terror

During its first quarter-century as a nation, the major foreign policy problem facing the United States was

the rivalry and warfare between France and Britain

Federalist advocated rule by

the wealthy and well educated

The Sedition Act

threatened freedom of speech and the press

The United States finally negotiated a peace settlement with France in 1800 mainly because Napoleon

wanted to end the American squabble and expand his empire

Washington's Neutrality Proclamation of 1793

was based on calculations of American self-interest

Alexander Hamilton believed that a national debt

was beneficial because people to whom the government owed money would work hard to make the nation a success