Ch. 10
The United States acquired free navigation of the Mississippi River and the large disputed territory north of Florida in
Pinckney's Treaty with Spain
In the 1796 presidential campaign, Jeffersonians especially attacked the Federalists for
crushing the Whiskey Rebellion and negotiating Jay's Treaty
Hamilton expected that the revenue to pay the interest on the national debt would come from
customs duties (tariffs) and excise taxes
The Bill of Rights was intended to protect ____ against the potential tyranny of ____.
individual liberties, a strong central government
According to the Federalists, the duty of judging the unconstitutionality of legislation passed by Congress lay with
the Supreme Court
Jefferson's arguments against the constitutionality of a Bank of the United States were based on the "strict construction" principles especially embodied in
the Tenth Amendment in the Bill of Rights
According to the "compact theory" advocated by Jefferson and Madison,
the federal government was the creation of the thirteen sovereign states
Hamiltonian Federalists particularly feared
the fickleness of the common people
The opposition of Thomas Jefferson and James Madison to the financial plan of Alexander Hamilton resulted in
the formation of permanent political parties
Washington's Neutrality Proclamation eventually came to be seen as the foundation of
the isolationist tradition of American foreign policy
When the new government was launched in 1789,
the nation's population was doubling about every twenty-five years
John Jay's 1794 treaty with Britain
created deeper splits between Federalists and Democratic-Republicans
To the Jeffersonian Republicans, the ideal citizen of a republic was a(n)
independent farmer
Match each political leader with his positions on public policy in the 1790s. A. Hamilton 1. privileges for the upper classes B. Jefferson 2. pro-British 3. government for the common people 4. potent central government 5. pay off the national debt 6. government support for business 7. pro-French 8. universal education
A-1, 2, 4, 6¾B-3, 5, 7, 8
Match the individual with his office in the new government. A. Thomas Jefferson 1. Supreme Court chief justice B. Alexander Hamilton 2. secretary of state C. Henry Knox 3. secretary of war D. John Jay 4. secretary of treasury
A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1
The ____ Amendment might rightly be called the "states' rights" amendment.
Tenth
All of the following is an accurate description of the young American nation except
a majority of the population was branching out west of the Appalachian Mountains
All of the following were part of Alexander Hamilton's economic program except
a monetary system based on silver
The aspect of Hamilton's financial program that received the least support in Congress, because of its heavy agricultural and commercial interests, was
a protective tariff
Alexander Hamilton's proposed bank of the United States was
based on the "necessary and proper," or "elastic," clause in the Constitution
The new Constitution did not provide for the creation of a(n)
cabinet
Thomas Jefferson argued that a landless class of voters could be avoided in part by
continuing slavery
One of the major criticisms of the Constitution by the antifederalists as drafted in Philadelphia was that it
did not provide guarantees for individual rights
One of the first jobs facing the new government formed under the Constitution was to
draw up and pass a bill of rights
Jeffersonians believed in all of the following except
every adult white male's right to vote
Hamilton believed that, together, his funding and assumption programs would
gain the financial and political support of the wealthy class for the federal government
The Jeffersonians were especially outraged by Jay's Treaty because
it seemed like an abject surrender of American interests to Britain in exchange for empty promises
One of George Washington's major contributions as president was
keeping the nation out of overseas entanglements and foreign wars
Thomas Jefferson appealed to all of the following groups except
merchants and manufacturers
The Neutrality Proclamation in 1793
officially proclaimed America's neutrality in Old World quarrels
President Adams sought a peaceful solution to the undeclared war with France in order to
prevent the outbreak of a dangerous full-scale war
In Jay's Treaty, the British
promised to evacuate the chain of forts in the Old Northwest
The Federalist-dominated Congress's Alien Act was aimed at ____ whereas the Sedition Act was primarily aimed at ____.
recent immigrants, newspapers
When the French Revolution developed into a war with Britain, George Washington and the American government
remained neutral
The Founders had not envisioned the existence of permanent political parties because they
saw them as a sign of disloyalty and lack of national unity
Britain made neutrality very difficult for the United States during the French and British conflicts of the 1790s by
seizing American merchant ships and sailors in the West Indies
The French revealed their growing hostility to the United States by
seizing hundreds of American merchant ships
Regarding central authority, early Americans saw it as all of the following except
something to be ultimately eliminated
Hamilton's major programs seriously infringed on
states' rights
Alexander Hamilton's financial plan for strengthening the economy and bolstering national credit proposed all of the following except
subsidies for manufacturers
Alexander Hamilton's Bank of the United States was modeled on
the Bank of England
The event of the 1790s that caused the deepest divisions in American political and social life was
the French Revolution
The early Federalist support for the French Revolution turned into angry hostility when
the Revolution turned more radical and began its Reign of Terror
During its first quarter-century as a nation, the major foreign policy problem facing the United States was
the rivalry and warfare between France and Britain
Federalist advocated rule by
the wealthy and well educated
The Sedition Act
threatened freedom of speech and the press
The United States finally negotiated a peace settlement with France in 1800 mainly because Napoleon
wanted to end the American squabble and expand his empire
Washington's Neutrality Proclamation of 1793
was based on calculations of American self-interest
Alexander Hamilton believed that a national debt
was beneficial because people to whom the government owed money would work hard to make the nation a success