CH. 11 Learning Curve

What would happen to the daughter cells if the G2 phase of the parent cell is shortened?

The cells would be smaller than normal.

Why are the X and Y chromosomes not considered homologous?

They do not carry the same set of genes, and mammalian males carry two very different sex chromosomes.

A proto-oncogene is a "normal" gene that, if mutated, can become an oncogene and lead to a cell becoming cancerous.

true

What is a cyclin?

a protein that activates kinases and a protein whose levels change with the cell cycle

During what step in meiosis do the daughter cells become haploid?

anaphase II

The microtubules that form the mitotic spindle extend out from the centrosome. Where would you expect to find the plus (fast assembling) end of a spindle microtubule?

away from the centrosome, at the kinetochore

How does meiosis generate genetic diversity?

both crossing over and random alignment at metaphase I

A phragmoplast functions to:

form a new cell wall

Which of the following is not a step in the process of binary fission?

rearrangement of the microtubule cytoskeleton

Replication of DNA in a eukaryote occurs during which phase of the cell cycle?

s phase

Which of the following statements is true regarding binary fission?

DNA replication during binary fission is a bidirectional process, occurring in opposite directions.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of meiotic cell division?

Daughter cells are genetically identical.

Predict what would happen if crossing over between homologous chromosomes occurred as part of mitosis. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

Daughter cells would not be genetically identical, and they could contain two copies of the same allele.

When in the cell cycle would you find sister chromatids?

S & G2

How many chromosome pairs are there in a normal human genome?

23

At the start of mitosis, how many centromeres are present in a human cell?

46

Why don't plant cells use a contractile ring to divide their daughter cells?

A contractile ring can't "pinch" a cell wall.

Muscle cells in the mammalian heart are multinucleate, meaning that multiple nuclei are present in the cytoplasm of a large cell. Predict what is different about the cell cycle in a muscle cell.

Cytokinesis does not occur.

Why would a compound that interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis be useful for treating a bacterial infection?

It would limit the spread of the infection through cell division.

What would happen if crossing over occurred between sister chromatids?

Nothing would happen because sister chromatids are genetically identical or nearly identical.

What would happen if a chromosome only connected to the mitotic spindle at one of its kinetochores?

One of the daughter cells would have an extra copy of that chromosome. The sister chromatids would not separate. The chromosome would not line up properly at metaphase.