ch. 13 & 15 pathophysio

In general, the best prognosis for long-term disease-free survival occurs with

ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)

Which type of leukemia primarily affects children?

ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)

which type of leukemia primarily affects children?

ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)

Which form of leukemia demonstrates the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome?

CML (chronic myeloid leukemia)

While in the hospital for management of acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL), a patient develops severe thrombocytopenia. The most appropriate action for this condition is

activity restriction

while in the hospital for management of acute lymphoid leukemia, a patient develops severe thrombocytopenia. the most appropriate action for this is

activity restriction

the only known curative treatment for CML is

allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from a suitable donor

a commonly ingested substance associated with prolongation of the bleeding time is

aspirin

Most carbon dioxide is transported in the bloodstream as

bicarbonate ion

a cause of thrombocytopenia includes

chemotherapy

The final step in clot formation is

clot retraction

the final step in clot formation is

clot retraction

When systemic vascular resistance is decreased, blood flow

decreases

severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome is an example of

deficient immune response

widespread activation of the clotting cascade secondary to massive trauma is called

disseminated intravascular coagulation

Widespread activation of the clotting cascade secondary to massive trauma is called

disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

a laboratory test finding helpful in confirming the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia

elevated total iron binding capacity

the most effective therapy for anemia associated with kidney failure is

erythropoietin

The most effective therapy for anemia associated with kidney failure is

erythropoietin administration

the prothrombrin (PT) time and international normalized ratio (INR) measure the integrity of

extrinsic pathway

Treatment for hemophilia A includes

factor VIII replacement.

treatment for hemophillia. A includes

factor viii replacement

RBC obtain nearly all their energy from metabolism of

glucose

Patients who experience anemic episodes when exposed to certain drugs most likely have

glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

Red blood cells differ from other cell types in the body, because they

have no cytoplasmic organelles

blood flow is slow through capillaries because capillaries

have the largest total cross sectional area

a 3 year old boy suffers from prolonged bleeding after minor trauma and a prolonged aPIT but a normal platelet count is likely to be diagnosed with

hemophilia

which disorder is considered a primary immunodeficiency disease

hiv/aids

myasthenia gravis is a type 2 hypersensitivity disorder that involves

impaired muscle function

which conditions enhances lymphatic flow?

increased interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure

the effects of histamine release include

increased vascular permeability

Venous obstruction leads to edema because it ________ pressure.

increases capillary hydrostatic

The patient is a 12-year-old boy diagnosed with acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL). As part of treatment, the patient must undergo several weeks of chemotherapy. The most serious complication of chemotherapy is

infection

the patient is a 12 year old boy diagnosed with Acute lymphoid leukemia as part of the treatment the patient must go through several weeks of chemo, the most serious complication of chemo

infection

Dramatic hypotension sometimes accompanies type I hypersensitivity reactions, because

massive histamine release from mast cells leads to vasodilation

the most effective treatment for polycythemia is

measured to improve oxygenation

which causes vasoconstriction

norepinephrine

which group of clinical findings describes the typical presentation of ALL

pain in long bones, infection, bruising

what laboratory finding is usually found in aplastic anemia?

pancytopenia

A deficiency of von Willebrand factor impairs

platelet adhesion to injured tissue

The megakaryocyte is a precursor to

platelets

The goal of long term heparin for the management of a deep vein thrombosis is to

prevent further clot formation

transfusion reactions involve RBC destruction caused by

recipient antibodies

what is the affect on resistance if the radius of a vessel is halved?

resistance increases by a factor of 16

autologous stem cell transplantation is a procedure in which

stem cells are harvested from the patient and then returned to the SAME patient

which disorder is associated with type 3 hypersensitivity mechanism of injury

systemic lupus erythematosus

A patient is diagnosed with a tortuous blood vessel of the right hand that bleeds spontaneously. This patient presents with

telangiectasia

Blood flow throughout the periphery is regulated by

the autonomic nervous system

The activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is a measure of the integrity of

the intrinsic pathway

which is not considered to be a risk factor for thrombus formation?

thrombocytopenia

Activation of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation is initiated by

tissue thromboplastin.

Peripheral edema is a result of

venous thrombosis

a normal bleeding time in association with normal platelet count and increased prothrombin time INR is indicative of

vitamin K deficiency

the arterial oxygen content for a patient with PA02 100 MM HG, SA02 95%, and hemoglobin 15 G-DL is

19.4

in general the best prognosis for long term disease free survival occurs with

ALL

Which clinical finding is indicative of compartment syndrome?

Absent peripheral pulses

A diagnostic laboratory finding in myeloma is

Bence Jones proteins in the urine

Burkitt lymphoma is most closely associated with

Epstein-Barr virus.

Which disorder is considered a primary immunodeficiency disease?

HIV/AIDS

Certain autoimmune diseases are associated with the presence of specific proteins on a person's cells. These proteins are called _____ proteins.

HLA or MHC

Which condition is associated with an elevated reticulocyte count?

Hemolytic anemia

Which condition enhances lymphatic flow?

Increased interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure

What is necessary for red blood cell production?

Iron

A low mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) are characteristic of which type of anemia?

Iron deficiency

Which characteristic is indicative of hemolytic anemia?

Jaundice

which characteristic is indicative of hemolytic anemia?

Jaundice

The primary source of erythropoietin is provided by the

Kidney

Dysfunction of which organ would lead to clotting factor deficiency?

Liver

renal insufficiency is a common complication of which disease

Myeloma

Which group of clinical findings describes the typical presentation of ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)?

Pain in long bones, infection, fever, bruising

Hemophilia B is also known as Christmas disease

T

The anemia resulting from a deficiency of either vitamin B12 (cobalamin) or folate is caused by a disruption in DNA synthesis of the blast cells in the bone marrow that produces very large abnormal bone marrow cells called megaloblasts

T

The only known curative treatment for CML is allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from a suitable donor.

T

Two of the most serious oncology emergencies associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma are obstruction of the superior vena cava and compression of the spinal cord

T

Which is not considered to be a risk factor for thrombus formation?

Thrombocytopenia