CH 13 DISORDERS OF RED BLOOD CELLS STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS

faintness, dim vision

A pregnant woman at her first prenatal visit complains to the nurse that she is always tired. The nurse knows that fatigue is one symptom of anemia. What are other symptoms of anemia? (select all that apply) a. faintness b. dim vision c. ruddy skin d. bradycardia

to the bone marrow for incorporation into new RBCs

All cells of the body age and are replaced in a natural order. When RBCs age, they are destroyed in the spleen. During this process, the iron from their hemoglobin is released into the circulation and returned where? a. to the bone marrow for incorporation into new RBCs b. to the liver to bind with oxygen c. to the lungs to bind with oxygen d. to the muscles to be stored for strength

3 to 4 weeks

Anemia resulting from blood loss can be reversed if the blood loss is not so severe that it results in death. How long does it take for the red cell concentration to return to normal? a. 8 to 10 days b. 3 to 4 weeks c. 10 to 14 days d. 5 to 6 weeks

bone marrow transplant

Aplastic anemia is a serious anemia that is a disorder of the pluripotential bone marrow stem cells and causes all three hematopoietic cell lines to be reduced. What is the treatment for aplastic anemia in the young and severely affected client? a. there is no treatment for aplastic anemia b. bone marrow transplant c. spleen transplant d. liver transplant

direct and indirect

Bilirubin is the pigment of bile and is made when RBCs die. There are two types of bilirubin that can be measured in the blood and reported on by the laboratory. What does the laboratory report them as? a. conjugated and unconjugated b. soluble and insoluble c. positive and negative d. direct and indirect

microcytic hypochromic

During chronic blood loss, iron deficiency anemia occurs. Most patients are asymptomatic until their hemoglobin falls below 8 g/dl. The red cells that the body does produce have too little hemoglobin. What is the term for the resulting anemia? a. macrocytic hyperchromic b. macrocytic hypochromic c. microcytic hypochromic d. microcytic hyperchromic

normocytic normochromic cells

In hemolytic anemia, the RBCs are destroyed prematurely. What distinguishes almost all types of hemolytic anemia? a. normocytic hypochromic cells b. microcytic normocromic cells c. macocytic hyperchromic cells d. normocytic normochromic cells

a yellow, jaundiced color

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is an increased level of bilirubin in the infant's blood. It is usually a benign condition characterized by what? a. a yellow, jaundiced color b. failure to thrive c. brain damage d. a reddish, ruddy complexion

b12

Pernicious anemia is thought to be an autoimmune disease that destroys the gastric mucosa. This results in chronic atrophic gastritis and the production of antibodies that interfere with which vitamins ability to bind to intrinsic factor? a. folate b. b12 c. vitamin c d. b6

headache, dusky red appearance, hearing difficulty

Polycythemia vera most often occurs in men with a median age of 62. It is a neoplastic disease of the bone marrow that is characterized by which of the following signs and symptoms? (select all that apply) a. headache b. dusky red appearance c. ability to concentrate better d. cyanosis of the trunk e. hearing difficulty

infection, stress, dehydration

Sickle cell anemia is an inherited disorder seen in African American people. It is marked by the characteristic sickling of red blood cells. This causes both chronic hemolytic anemia and the occlusion of blood vessels. Which are considered to be triggers of an episode of sickling? (select all that apply) a. infection b. stress c. heat d. dehydration e. alkalosis

transfusion

Thalassemia can be classed as major or minor. If therapy for thalassemia major is not started in infants who present with this disease, severe growth retardation will occur. At 6 months of age, which therapy must be started? a. transfusion b. infusion c. vitamin d. water

uremic toxins and retained nitrogen

When a client is in chronic renal failure, he or she almost always has anemia because of a deficiency of erythropoietin. What else contributes to the anemia experienced by clients in chronic renal failure? a. uremic toxins and retained nitrogen b. bleeding tendencies and lack of fibrinogen in blood c. hemodialysis and decreased nitrogen d. hemolysis of RBCs and lack of fibrinogen in blood

hemolytic disease of the newborn

When an Rh-negative mother gives birth to an Rh-positive infant, the mother usually produces antibodies that will attack any subsequent pregnancies in which the fetus is Rh positive. When subsequent babies are Rh positive, erythroblastosis fetalis occurs. What is another name for erythroblastosis fetalis? a. microcytic disease of the newborn b. hemolytic iron deficiency anemia c. hemolytic disease of the newborn d. macrocytic disease of the newborn

sperocytosis

When hemolytic anemia has intravascular hemolysis, it can be characterized in different ways. Which of the following is not a characterization of hemolytic anemia with intravascular hemolysis? a. hemoglobinemia b. jaundice c. hemosiderinuria d. spherocytosis

thalassemia

caused by deficient goblin production

severe g6pd deficiency

chronic hemolytic anemia

b12 deficiency

common cause of megaloblastic anemias

glucuronide

conjugated with bilirubin to render it water

mean corpuscular volume

measure of size of RBC

normochromic cell

normal hemoglobin concentration in RBC

erythropoiesis

red blood cell production

erythropoietin

regulator of RBC production

transferrin

transports iron to plasma

jaundice

yellow discoloration of skin due to high levels of bilirubin