Ch. 17 Blood
Which of the following conditions stimulates an increase in the production of RBCs?
(low blood oxygen levels, hypoxia) both
Which of the following are phases of hemostasis?
(vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, coagulation) all of the above
What is the normal percentage of basophils?
1%
What is the normal life span of erythrocytes?
100-120 days
Which of the following best represents the normal percentage of plasma in blood?
55%
What is the average normal pH range of blood?
7.35-7.45
What percentage of plasma is made up of proteins?
8%
Which of the following leukocytes does not contain granules?
Lymphocytes
Which blood type is called the universal donor?
O
Which of the following blood cells transports CO2 and oxygen.
• Erythrocytes
The most abundant plasma protein is ________.
Albumin
Condition in which blood has abnormally low oxygen-carrying capacity.
Anemia
Basophils increase in number when parasitic invasion occurs.
False - Eosinophils fight parasites
Contains dark blue staining granules that release histamine and heparin.
Basophil
Hemoglobin is made up of the protein heme and the red pigment globin.
False - Protein globin and red heme pigment
Diapedesis is the process by which red blood cells move into tissue spaces from the interior of blood capillaries.
False - only white blood cells can do this
Most RBCs are destroyed in is the liver.
False- spleen
Forms fibrin during hemostasis
Fibrinogen
Which is the term used to describe a free-floating thrombus in the bloodstream?
Embolus
Nucleus has two lobes (sunglasses appearance); stains red; contains granules with lysosomal enzymes; function - attacks parasitic worms.
Eosinophil
Which of the following hormones if release by the kidneys and is a direct stimulus for erythropoiesis?
Erythropoietin
The primary source of RBCs in the adult human being is the bone marrow in the shafts of the long bones.
False
Which of the following might trigger erythropoiesis?
Hypoxia
What organ in the body regulates erythrocyte production?
Kidney
Which organ regulates erythropoiesis?
Kidney
Which condition is a cancer of bone marrow that results in an excessive production of white blood cells?
Leukemia
The functions of blood can be divided into distributive, regulatory, and protective functions. Which of the following is a regulatory function of blood?
Maintenance of normal pH in body tissues
Platelets are produced from a precursor cell called a ________.
Megakareocyte
Largest of the WBCS; crucial in. defense against viruses; associated with chronic infections.
Monocyte
Which of the following leukocytes enters the tissues as a macrophage?
Monocyte
Nucleus is multilobed; functions as a phagocyte; contains fine indistinct granules.
Neutrophil
Which of the following is the most abundant type of leukocyte?
Neutrophils
Which of the following best describes oxygen transport in blood?
Oxygen attaches to the iron-containing portion of hemoglobin
Which of the following is true about blood plasma?
Plasma is about 90% water.
In the adult, most blood cells are produced in the _______.
Spongy bone and epiphyses of long bones
Platelets ________.
Stick to the damaged area of a blood vessel and help seal the break
Which of the following is characteristic of all leukocytes?
They are nucleated
During hemostasis, which of the following converts the soluble protein fibrinogen to fibrin fibers?
Thrombin
All lymphocytes are leukocytes, but not all leukocytes are lymphocytes.
True
Each heme contains an atom of iron and can transport one molecule of oxygen.
True
Granulocytes called neutrophils are phagocytic and are the most numerous of all white blood cell types.
True
Leukemia refers to cancerous conditions of white blood cells.
True
Leukopenia is an abnormally low number of leukocytes.
True
Positive chemotaxis is a feedback system that signals leukocyte migration into damaged areas.
True
An individual with Type AB blood can usually donate blood to people with which of the following blood types. (Choose all correct)
Type AB
In which of the following ways is most of the carbon dioxide in the blood transported?
it becomes part of the bicarbonate ion
As red blood cells age ________.
membranes "wear out" and the cells rupture
