ch 17 test bank
From which plexus does the iliohypogastric nerve arise?
lumbar
The roots of which spinal nerves make up the cauda equina? 1. Thoracic 2. Lumbar 3. Sacral 4. Coccygeal
2,3,4
The inferior extension of the pia mater that anchors the spinal cord to the coccyx is called the _____.
filum terminale
Select the structure(s) served by the median nerve.
flexors of the wrist
Select the muscle(s) served by the tibial nerve
gastrocnemius and soleus muscles
Motor impulses that help maintain muscle tone and posture are conveyed from the brain through the spinal cord by the:
indirect pathways
Which peripheral nerves are responsible for cutaneous sensation from the skin of the anterior abdominal wall as well as motor innervation to anterior abdominal wall muscles?
intercostal nerves
From which plexus does the axillary nerve arise?
brachial
From which plexus does the long thoracic nerve arise?
brachial
From which plexus does the ulnar nerve arise?
brachial
T/F Complete anesthesia of a dermatome typically requires blocking of only one pair of spinal nerves because there is never overlap between neighboring dermatomes.
false
T/F Complete paralysis of the diaphragm occurs if the spinal cord is crushed or destroyed just below the C5 region.
false
T/F The anterior median fissure of the spinal cord is shallower and narrower than the posterior median sulcus.
false
T/F The femoral nerve is a branch of the sciatic nerve.
false
The two main routes for sensory information traveling up the spinal cord to the brain are _____ tracts and _____ columns.
spinothalamic, posterior
A typical reflex arc involves the following components: 1. sensory neuron 2. motor neuron 3. sensory receptor 4. integrating center 5. effector The correct order is:
3,1,4,2,5
There are _____ pairs of spinal nerves, consisting of the following groups: _____ pairs of cervical, _____ pairs of thoracic, _____ pairs of lumbar, _____ pairs of sacral, and _____ pair of coccygeal spinal nerves.
31, 8, 12, 5, 5, 1
What is the best description of the dura mater? a) meninx closest to the bone of the vertebral column b) between arachnoid mater and pia mater c) between pia mater and spinal cord d) contains blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients to the spinal cord e) consists of collagen and elastic fiber network; has no blood vessels
a
What is the best description of the epidural space? a) contains a protective cushion of fat and connective tissue b) between arachnoid mater and pia mater c) between dura mater and arachnoid mater d) contains interstitial fluid e) contains cerebrospinal fluid
a
Which of the following contain cell bodies of interneurons? a) posterior (dorsal) gray horns b) anterior (ventral) gray horns c) posterior (dorsal) root ganglia d) all of these choices
a
Which of the following is FALSE regarding the sciatic nerve? It: a) arises from the lumbar plexus. b) splits at about the level of the knee into tibial and common fibular nerves. c) is the largest nerve in the body. d) sends branches to the hamstring muscles.
a
Which of the following is NOT a correct description of the location of the brachial plexus? a) on the neck alongside the first four cervical vertebrae b) passes above the first rib posterior to the clavicle c) extends inferiorly and laterally on either side of the last few cervical and first thoracic vertebrae d) enters the axilla
a
Select the muscle(s) served by the obturator nerve.
adductor muscles of thigh
Motor neurons that supply skeletal muscles have cell bodies in _____ gray horns of the spinal cord, and their axons exit the cord via a/an _____ root.
anterior (ventral), anterior (ventral)
The conus medullaris is: a) the junction between the medulla and the spinal cord. b) the tapering end of the spinal cord inferior to the lumbar enlargement. c) the inner portion of the spinal cord, seen in cross section. d) the attachment of a spinal nerve to the spinal cord.
b
What is the best description of the subarachnoid space? a) contains a protective cushion of fat and connective tissue b) between arachnoid mater and pia mater c) between dura mater and the wall of vertebral canal d) between dura mater and arachnoid mater e) contains interstitial fluid
b
Which of the following is NOT a correct description of the location of the lumbar plexus? a) lateral to the first four lumbar vertebrae b) posterior to the quadratus lumborum muscle c) between the two heads of the psoas major muscle d) None of these choices
b
Which of the following contains sensory information ONLY?
posterior (dorsal) root
Spinal nerves T2-T12 differ from all other spinal nerves in that: a) they do not branch to form rami. b) they are autonomic nerves. c) the anterior (ventral) rami do not contribute to a plexus. d) the posterior (dorsal) rami form a plexus.
c
Which of the following contain cell bodies of sensory neurons? a) anterior (ventral) gray horns b) posterior (dorsal) gray horns c) posterior (dorsal) root ganglia d) lateral gray horns
c
Which of the following is NOT a branch of a spinal nerve? a) ramus communicans (plural: rami communicantes) b) meningeal branch c) lateral ramus d) anterior (ventral) ramus
c
From which plexus does the great auricular nerve arise?
cervical
From which plexus does the phrenic nerve arise?
cervical
The _____ plexus serves the skin and muscles of the head, neck, and superior part of the shoulders and chest.
cervical
The main plexuses formed by the anterior (ventral) rami of spinal nerves are:
cervical, brachial, lumbar, and sacral
The white matter of the spinal cord:
contains ascending and descending motor tracts
The gray matter of the spinal cord: a) is subdivided into regions called horns. b) is surrounded by white matter. c) contains neuronal cell bodies. d) all of these choices
d
The spinal cord is protected by which of the following? a) vertebral column b) meninges c) cerebrospinal fluid d) All of these choices
d
What is the best description of the pia mater? a) contains a protective cushion of fat and connective tissue b) most superficial meninx c) thick strong layer composed of dense, irregular connective tissue d) contains blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients to the spinal cord e) consists of collagen and elastic fiber network; has no blood vessels
d
Which of the following statements is FALSE for spinal nerves? a) The two largest branches of a spinal nerve are the anterior (ventral) ramus and the posterior (dorsal) ramus. b) All spinal nerves are mixed nerves. c) The outer covering of a spinal nerve is the epineurium. d) Every pair of spinal nerves exits through the intervertebral foramina above the vertebra that has the same name and number as the nerves.
d
Select the structure(s) served by the axillary nerve.
deltoid muscle
Select the structure(s) served by the phrenic nerve.
diaphragm
The two main routes for motor information traveling down the spinal cord are _____ pathways and _____ pathways.
direct, indirect
T/F All segments of the spinal cord contain lateral, posterior (dorsal), and anterior (ventral) gray horns.
false
What is the best description of the arachnoid mater? a) meninx closest to the bone of the vertebral column b) between subarachnoid space and pia mater c) contains a protective cushion of fat and connective tissue d) contains blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients to the spinal cord e) consists of collagen and elastic fiber network; has no blood vessels
e
Select the muscle(s) served by the femoral nerve.
extensor muscles of knee joint
Select the muscle(s) served by the inferior gluteal nerve.
gluteus maximus
The central canal of the spinal cord is located in the center of the:
gray commissure
The senses of pain and temperature are conveyed to the brain by:
lateral spinothalamic tracts
From which plexus does the femoral nerve arise?
lumbar
The adult spinal cord extends from the _____ of the brain inferiorly to the superior border of the _____ lumbar vertebra.
medulla oblongata, second
From which plexus does the pudendal nerve arise?
sacral
From which plexus does the superior gluteal nerve arise?
sacral
Which of the following could serve as an effector for a somatic reflex?
skeletal muscle
Select the structure(s) served by the supraclavicular nerve.
skin of superior portion of the chest and shoulder
Cerebrospinal fluid is found between two layers of the meninges, in a space called the _____.
subarachnoid space
Lateral gray horns are present in ALL segments of the _____ region of the spinal cord.
thoracic
Select the muscle(s) served by the common fibular nerve.
tibialis anterior and fibularis (peroneal) muscles
Select the structure(s) served by the radial nerve.
triceps brachii
T/F A dermatome is an area of skin that provides sensory input to the CNS via one pair of spinal nerves or the trigeminal (V) nerve.
true
T/F Cell bodies of motor neurons that supply smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, or glands via the autonomic nervous system can be found in the lateral gray horns of the spinal cord.
true
T/F Except for T2-T12, all anterior (ventral) rami form nerve plexuses.
true
T/F The denticulate ligaments and the filum terminale are both structures that help to anchor the spinal cord and protect it against sudden displacement.
true
T/F The epidural space found between the dura mater and the wall of the vertebral canal contains a protective cushion of fat and connective tissue.
true
T/F The thin transparent spinal meninx called pia mater separates the spinal cord from the surrounding cerebrospinal fluid.
true