Ch 18 hist 112

An estimated Spaniards emigrated from Europe to the Americas between 1500 and 1800 .

300,000

The British colony of Georgia became :

A major plantation colony .

For 200 years after its founding in 1545 , Potosí in modern . produced over half of the silver of Spanish America

Bolivia

For 200 years after its founding in 1545 , Potosí in modern produced over half of the silver of Spanish America

Bolivia

From the middle of the seventeenth century , the pueblos de indios were fully functional , self - administering units , with councils ( ______ ) , churches , schools , communal lands , and family parcels .

Cabildos

The Spanish captured the last emperor of the Aztecs , in 1521 and executed . him in 1525

Cuauhtémoc

The Columbian Exchange characterizes the transfer of plants , animals , and between the Americas and the rest of the world

Diseases

By means of land - labor grants called _____Spanish entrepreneurs were entitled to use forced indigenous or imported slave labor to exploit natural resources in the New World

Encomiendas

Leading a force of about 300 Spanish men , indigenous force at Tabasco in 1518 . defeated a much larger

Hernán Cortés

Having laid waste to Cuzco , Pizarro founded a new Andean capital at in 1535 .

Lima

Juana Inés de la Cruz secretly studied Latin , Greek , and in her maternal grandfather's library .

Nahuatl

Felipe Guamán Poma de Ayala was one of several :

Native American and mestizo chroniclers , historians , and commentators .

In the image above , Native Americans extracted silver from rock using the method .

Patio

In the 1540s the Spanish government introduced ____called repartimientos , which was a continuation of the mit'a system devised by the taxation .

Rotating labor assignments

What from Eurasia had the largest impact on the Native American population ?

Smallpox

What operated in Spanish and Portuguese colonies to limit the intermingling of Catholicism with traditional religion ?

The Spanish Inquisition

Losses to the Spanish empire came in the mid - seventeenth century , beginning with :

The capture of Jamaica by the British in 1655 .

Which of the following was not a Bourbon reform in the Spanish colonies ?

The opening of ports to non - Spanish merchant ships .

As in Spain , the only income tax in New Spain was the

Tithe paid to the church , which the administration , at times , used for its own purposes .

After meeting Pizarro at the town square of Cajamarca in 1532 , Atahualpa :

Was captured and his unarmed retainers murdered

After meeting Pizarro at the town square of Cajamarca in 1532 , Atahualpa :

Was captured and his unarmed retainers murdered .

By the mid - 16th century the conquistadors shifted from looting Native American empires and towns to exploiting native labor in and in agriculture .

Working silver , gold , and mercury

The participation of Virginia settlers_________ not follow the same policy in the New World as their Spanish counterparts . was an indication that the British would

in colonial administration

To support the mining centers and administrative cities , the Spanish colonial government the development of agricultural estates ( haciendas ) .

Encouraged

The most successful settlement in North America was in the subtropical district at the mouth of the Mississippi River in what is now Louisiana , where settlers with African slaves founded sugar plantations .

French

By the early seventeenth century , an elite of Spaniards who Called Creoles , was in place to assist and then replaced Spanish administrators .

Had been born in the Americas .

was the first institution of higher learning in North America , devoted to combatting antinomianism .

Harvard College

In 1690 , the bishop of Puebla criticized the analysis of the Biblical incident of by Juana Inés de la Cruz in her own treatise .

Jesus's washing the feet of his disciples at the Last Supper .

Agriculture in the New World was during the sixteenth century .

Peripheral to the economy of the Spanish empire

Between 250,000 and 1 million Taínos were killed when the Spanish came due to :

The Native Americans ' lack of immunity against smallpox

was One of the indicators of the success of Portuguese settlements on the Brazilian coast

The intermarriage of settlers with surrounding indigenous chieftain families

The main impulse for the revivalist movement known as the " Great Awakening " of the 1730s and 1740s was :

The tour of the Methodist preachers John and Charles Wesley through Georgia .

What gave the Spanish a military advantage over their Native American opponents ?

They possessed steel weapons and armor .

In Brazil , black freedmen and mulattoes :

Were farmers and craft producers .

By the mid - 16th century , the conquistadors empires and towns to exploiting native labor in and in agriculture shifted from looting Native American

Working silver , gold , and mercury mines