Ch 2 Quiz

Jack and Jill are fiercely competitive siblings, and since they were born exactly a year apart, can compete in most everything. Jill, the younger, always resented her older brother for being just that: older. When they got older, Jack resented Jill's youthful advantage of one year. Imagine that Jack builds himself a high- tech spaceship and races off into space, knowing that he can at least slow down his aging. If he were gone for one year according to Jill, which of the following statements could be or are true?

I, III, V

John is in an inertial frame F and Jack is in a frame F' moving relative to F in the x-direction at a constant velocity v. John and Jack each hold a 1-m stick with them oriented in the x-direction. Which one of the following statements best describes the situation?

John measures Jack's stick as shorter than his own

The addition of velocities formula restricts the values of certain velocities due to all of the following EXCEPT: a) The curvature of spacetime consistent with inertial frames. b) Lorentz transformations. c) The speed of light in a vacuum is the same to all observers. d) The laws of physics are the same in all inertial frames.

The curvature of spacetime consistent with inertial frames.

A muon detector on Mount Washington observes greater numbers of muons than an identical detector located at a lower elevation, for example in Boston. The number detected in Boston, however, is much greater than the number predicted when considering the elevation separation between Boston and Mount Washington, the muons' speed, and the time of the muons' half-life. Why is this so?

The muons' speeds are large enough for relativistic effects to occur

1. Which of the following statements about the Michelson-Morley experiment is correct?

They found that the interference effects of the ether were not dependent on the direction of motion of the interferometer.

Which of the following descriptions shows two objects of EQUAL mass-energy? a) Two identical balls with the same speed and at the same height, except moving vertically in different directions b) A 10 kg sphere of iron at 300 K and a 12 kg sphere of iron at 10 K c) Two identical spheres of copper, except one is at 300 K and one is at 3000 K d) Two identical bullets, except one bullet is fired from a special gun at 0.5c and the other bullet is at rest.

Two identical balls with the same speed and at the same height, except moving vertically in different directions

The relativistic factor ( used in conjunction with the Lorentz transformation) provides that a) an object of length L measured in a frame at rest is measured to be L when that object is moving with respect to the rest frame. b) if two frames are aligned at t = t' = 0 but the 'primed' frame moves at some constant velocity, an interval of time t in the rest frame will be measured as a time t/ in the moving frame. c) increased velocities decrease the value of d) a particle moving faster than the speed of light gives an imaginary relativistic factor.

a particle moving faster than the speed of light gives an imaginary relativistic factor.

Which of the following scenarios would NOT demonstrate the usefulness of a spacetime diagram? a) Determining whether an event separated in space and time can affect a future event b)Telling whether clocks are synchronized c) Showing how inertial frames affect simultaneity d) Examining the twin paradox problem e) Answer not shown

all are useful

When relating the linear momentum and total energy of an object with speed v = 0.8c, which of the following changes would increase the energy by the greatest amount? Assume that it is possible to change the mass of the object.

increase the momentum of the object to 2p while keeping the velocity constant.

Samus is exploring the planet Zebes in the star system Metroid Prime (where the laws of physics are the same as on Earth and in our universe) in a ship moving at constant velocity. She turns on her headlamps as she encounters some strange fog. Ridley, the villain lying in wait, is at rest with respect to Samus. The speed of the light from Samus's headlamps as measured by Ridley depends most importantly on a) the speed of Samus's ship b) the speed of light in the fog c) the speed of Samus with respect to the ether d) the total addition of speeds of Samus's ship, the planet Zebes, and the system Metroid Prime e) the speed of light in a vacuum

the speed of light in the fog MEDIUM is important