ch 22
per capita
per person
phytoremediation
the use of plants to absorb and accumulate hazardous materials from the soil
hazardous waste
waste that is ignitable, corrosive, reactive and toxic
MRF
"materials recovery facilities" workers/machines sort items, clean the materials, shred them and prepare them for processing
Superfund
EPA administrated a clean up program
CERCLA
a federal program to clean up US sites with hazardous waste from past activities
E-waste
a type of waste that's becoming a major source of hazardous heavy metals
deep well injection
a well drilled deep beneath the water table into porous rock and wastes are injected into it; intended for long term disposal
life cycle analysis
analyze and minimizing the ecological efficiency
one ton
annual per capita waste in US
source reduction
best solution to waste management problems
RCRA
cradle to grave act-hazardous materials must be tracked from beginning to end
WTE
facilities that use heat produced by waste combustion to boil water, producing energy
bottle bill
financial incentive which allows consumers to return bottles and cans to stores after use and receive a refund
increased 2.8
how has waste generation changed since 1960s
95
how much energy is saved by recycling aluminum that by using bauxite
heavy metals
lead, chromium, mercury, and arsenic
surface impoundments
liquid hazardous waste stored in shallow depressions lined with plastic and impervious material like clay
plastic
makes up the greatest percent of US waste
waste management
minimizing the amount of waste we generate, recovering waste materials and finding ways to recycle them and disposing of waste safely and efficiently
waste water
most US industrial waste is in what form
Love Canal
neighborhood in New York where families were evacuated after toxic chemicals buried by a company decades ago, rose to the surface
municipal waste
non liquid waste that comes from homes, institutions and small businesses
fly ash
particle which contain the worst dioxin and heavy metal pollutants
60
percent of Superfund sites that have been cleaned
32
percent of US waste is reusable
synthetic organic compounds
plastic containers, rubber tires, pesticides and solvents
industrial ecologist
redesigns industrial systems to reduce resource inputs and to minimize physical inefficiency while maximizing economic efficiency
yard trimmings
second largest component of municipal solid waste
waste stream
the flow of waste as it moves from sources toward disposal destinations
Germany and Sweden
two European countries that are the most efficient and lowest per capita waste production
industrial solid waste
waste from production of consumer good, mining, agriculture and petroleum extraction and refining
paper
what makes up the most municipal waste
households
what produces the largest amount of unregulated hazardous waste
East river
where did new york dump its waste until 1850s
WIPP
where low level radioactive waste is sent in the US
