Ch 24 questions pt 2
Match the proenzyme on the left (1-3) with the correct enzyme activator on the right (4-6) 1. pepsinogen 4. enterokinase 2. trypsinogen 5. hydrochloric acid 3. procarboxypeptidase 6. trypsin
1 and 5; 2 and 4; 3 and 6
The exocrine portion of the pancreas is composed of
pancreatic acini
Functions of the large intestine include
reabsorption of water and compaction of feces
Approximately the last 15 cm of the digestive tract is the
rectum
The defecation reflex involves
relaxation of both the internal and external anal sphincters.
Which of the following enzymes is not produced by the pancreas?
rennin
In response to the hormone secretin, the pancreas secretes a fluid
rich in bicarbonate ion
In response to the hormone cholecystokinin, the pancreas secretes a fluid
rich in enzymes
All of the following enhance the absorptive effectiveness of the small intestine except
rugae
The intestinal hormone that stimulates the pancreas to release a watery, bicarbonate-rich fluid is
secretin
Which of the following is not a lobe of the liver?
sigmoid
The majority of nutrient absorption occurs in the
small intestine
Chemical protein digestion begins in the
stomach
Which type of salivary glands produces glycoproteins called mucins?
submandibular
Which of the following is true regarding lactose intolerance?
the intestinal crypts are not producing the enzyme lactase
A small, wormlike structure attached to the posteromedial surface of the cecum is the
appendix
Your patient with liver failure has a firm, rounded abdomen due to accumulation of fluid. This is known clinically as
ascites
Inflammation of the gallbladder is termed
cholecystitis
Triglycerides, steroids, phospholipids and fat-soluble vitamins that are coated with proteins are called
chylomicrons
Which of these digestive structures is not necessary for life?
colon
The absorption of some sugars in the small intestine involves
cotransport
Sucrose is hydrolyzed by sucrase into glucose and
fructose
Bile is stored in the
gallbladder
An intestinal hormone that stimulates the release of insulin from the pancreatic islet cells is
gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)
An intestinal hormone that stimulates gastric secretion is
gastrin
Which reflex is stimulated by stretch receptors in the stomach to increase motility and secretions along the small intestines?
gastroenteric reflex
________ are arranged within a lobule of the liver into a series of irregular plates converging toward a central vein.
hepatocytes
The essential functions of the liver include all of the following except
hormonal regulation
Peyer's patches are characteristic of the
ileum
The portion of the small intestine that attaches to the cecum is the
ileum
Which is not part of the large intestine?
ileum
Tony is a chronic alcoholic with cirrhosis of the liver, a condition in which liver cells die and are replaced by connective tissue. Which of the following signs would you not expect to observe in Tony?
impaired erythropoiesis
Circular folds and intestinal villi
increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine.
Tom has hepatitis, an inflammation of the liver. Which of the following symptoms would you expect to observe in Tom?
jaundice
A surgical procedure to promote rapid weight loss is removal of most of the
jejunum
The middle segment of the small intestine is the
jejunum
The villi are most developed in the
jejunum
If digestion of a carbohydrate results in equal amounts of glucose and galactose, this carbohydrate is probably
lactose
Identify the incorrect pairing.
liver; produces intrinsic factor
The basic functional units of the liver are the
lobules
The teniae coli are
longitudinal bands of smooth muscle in the colon wall
Products of fat digestion are transported initially by
lymphatic vessels
Powerful peristaltic contractions that occur a few times each day in the colon are called
mass movements
Complexes of fatty acids, monoglycerides, and bile salts are called
micelles
Brush border enzymes are found in the
microvilli
Carbohydrate digestion begins in the
mouth
The gastroileal reflex
moves some chyme to the colon.
Which of the following is false concerning the process known as cotransport?
only neutral compounds such as sugars are transported.
At the hepatic flexure, the colon becomes the
transverse colon
An enzyme that digests proteins into peptides is
trypsin
A proenzyme secreted by the pancreas is
trypsinogen
An obstruction of the bile duct often results in
undigested fat in the feces
Which of the following is not found in the large intestines?
villi
Which is not true of pancreatic enzymes?
their primary site of action is the pancreas
Place the following structures in order as food passes into them.
52431 stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Which of the following is true regarding the production of intestinal juice?
Local reflexes and parasympathetic stimulation increase the production of intestinal juice.
Motility in the small intestines is controlled in part by all of the following except
VIP
Stimulation of gastric stretch receptors causes all of the following except
a decrease in myenteric plexus stimulation.
A drug that blocks the action of the hormone cholecystokinin would affect all of the following except
absorption of water in the large intestines.
Which of the following descriptions best matches the term pancreatic juice?
alkaline mixture of enzymes, water and ions produced by acinar cells
If the pancreatic duct was obstructed, you would expect to see elevated blood levels of
amylase
Each of the following is a function of the liver except
antibody production
Hydrochloric acid from the stomach is neutralized in the small intestine by
bicarbonate from the pancreas
Which of the following is not a digestive enzyme?
bile
The fusion of the common hepatic duct and the cystic duct forms the
bile duct
The duodenal ampulla receives secretions from the
bile duct and pancreatic duct
In response to the arrival of acidic chyme in the duodenum, the
blood levels of secretin rise
Which of the following descriptions best matches the term cholecystokinin (CCK)?
causes gallbladder to contract
The pouchlike structure that joins the ileum at the ileocecal valve is the
cecum
In the center of a liver lobule there is a
central vein
Which of the following is not a component of the portal triad found at the edges of a liver lobule?
central vein
At the splenic flexure, the colon becomes the
descending colon
Pancreatic juice enters the small intestine at the
duodenal papilla
Submucosal glands that secrete mucus are characteristic of the
duodenum
The part of the small intestine most likely to develop an ulcer from exposure to gastric juice is the
duodenum
Absorption of glucose from the gut lumen depends on all of the following except
emulsification forming small micelles
Bile salts aid in the digestion of fats by ________ large fat droplets.
emulsifying
An intestinal hormone that stimulates mucin production by the submucosal duodenal glands is
enterocrinin
Haustra are
expansible pouches of the colon.
The structure that marks the division between the right and left lobes of the liver is the
falciform ligament
Which of the following has an association with the fetal umbilical vein?
falciform ligament
Blockage of the common hepatic duct would interfere with digestion of
fats
What stimulates stretch receptors in the rectum?
feces causing distension in the rectum
Circular folds are
pleats in the lining of the small intestine
The enzyme amylase digests
polysaccharides
A blood clot blocking flow through the liver might cause
portal hypertension