Ch 24 questions pt 2

Match the proenzyme on the left (1-3) with the correct enzyme activator on the right (4-6) 1. pepsinogen 4. enterokinase 2. trypsinogen 5. hydrochloric acid 3. procarboxypeptidase 6. trypsin

1 and 5; 2 and 4; 3 and 6

The exocrine portion of the pancreas is composed of

pancreatic acini

Functions of the large intestine include

reabsorption of water and compaction of feces

Approximately the last 15 cm of the digestive tract is the

rectum

The defecation reflex involves

relaxation of both the internal and external anal sphincters.

Which of the following enzymes is not produced by the pancreas?

rennin

In response to the hormone secretin, the pancreas secretes a fluid

rich in bicarbonate ion

In response to the hormone cholecystokinin, the pancreas secretes a fluid

rich in enzymes

All of the following enhance the absorptive effectiveness of the small intestine except

rugae

The intestinal hormone that stimulates the pancreas to release a watery, bicarbonate-rich fluid is

secretin

Which of the following is not a lobe of the liver?

sigmoid

The majority of nutrient absorption occurs in the

small intestine

Chemical protein digestion begins in the

stomach

Which type of salivary glands produces glycoproteins called mucins?

submandibular

Which of the following is true regarding lactose intolerance?

the intestinal crypts are not producing the enzyme lactase

A small, wormlike structure attached to the posteromedial surface of the cecum is the

appendix

Your patient with liver failure has a firm, rounded abdomen due to accumulation of fluid. This is known clinically as

ascites

Inflammation of the gallbladder is termed

cholecystitis

Triglycerides, steroids, phospholipids and fat-soluble vitamins that are coated with proteins are called

chylomicrons

Which of these digestive structures is not necessary for life?

colon

The absorption of some sugars in the small intestine involves

cotransport

Sucrose is hydrolyzed by sucrase into glucose and

fructose

Bile is stored in the

gallbladder

An intestinal hormone that stimulates the release of insulin from the pancreatic islet cells is

gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)

An intestinal hormone that stimulates gastric secretion is

gastrin

Which reflex is stimulated by stretch receptors in the stomach to increase motility and secretions along the small intestines?

gastroenteric reflex

________ are arranged within a lobule of the liver into a series of irregular plates converging toward a central vein.

hepatocytes

The essential functions of the liver include all of the following except

hormonal regulation

Peyer's patches are characteristic of the

ileum

The portion of the small intestine that attaches to the cecum is the

ileum

Which is not part of the large intestine?

ileum

Tony is a chronic alcoholic with cirrhosis of the liver, a condition in which liver cells die and are replaced by connective tissue. Which of the following signs would you not expect to observe in Tony?

impaired erythropoiesis

Circular folds and intestinal villi

increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine.

Tom has hepatitis, an inflammation of the liver. Which of the following symptoms would you expect to observe in Tom?

jaundice

A surgical procedure to promote rapid weight loss is removal of most of the

jejunum

The middle segment of the small intestine is the

jejunum

The villi are most developed in the

jejunum

If digestion of a carbohydrate results in equal amounts of glucose and galactose, this carbohydrate is probably

lactose

Identify the incorrect pairing.

liver; produces intrinsic factor

The basic functional units of the liver are the

lobules

The teniae coli are

longitudinal bands of smooth muscle in the colon wall

Products of fat digestion are transported initially by

lymphatic vessels

Powerful peristaltic contractions that occur a few times each day in the colon are called

mass movements

Complexes of fatty acids, monoglycerides, and bile salts are called

micelles

Brush border enzymes are found in the

microvilli

Carbohydrate digestion begins in the

mouth

The gastroileal reflex

moves some chyme to the colon.

Which of the following is false concerning the process known as cotransport?

only neutral compounds such as sugars are transported.

At the hepatic flexure, the colon becomes the

transverse colon

An enzyme that digests proteins into peptides is

trypsin

A proenzyme secreted by the pancreas is

trypsinogen

An obstruction of the bile duct often results in

undigested fat in the feces

Which of the following is not found in the large intestines?

villi

Which is not true of pancreatic enzymes?

their primary site of action is the pancreas

Place the following structures in order as food passes into them.

52431 stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum

Which of the following is true regarding the production of intestinal juice?

Local reflexes and parasympathetic stimulation increase the production of intestinal juice.

Motility in the small intestines is controlled in part by all of the following except

VIP

Stimulation of gastric stretch receptors causes all of the following except

a decrease in myenteric plexus stimulation.

A drug that blocks the action of the hormone cholecystokinin would affect all of the following except

absorption of water in the large intestines.

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term pancreatic juice?

alkaline mixture of enzymes, water and ions produced by acinar cells

If the pancreatic duct was obstructed, you would expect to see elevated blood levels of

amylase

Each of the following is a function of the liver except

antibody production

Hydrochloric acid from the stomach is neutralized in the small intestine by

bicarbonate from the pancreas

Which of the following is not a digestive enzyme?

bile

The fusion of the common hepatic duct and the cystic duct forms the

bile duct

The duodenal ampulla receives secretions from the

bile duct and pancreatic duct

In response to the arrival of acidic chyme in the duodenum, the

blood levels of secretin rise

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term cholecystokinin (CCK)?

causes gallbladder to contract

The pouchlike structure that joins the ileum at the ileocecal valve is the

cecum

In the center of a liver lobule there is a

central vein

Which of the following is not a component of the portal triad found at the edges of a liver lobule?

central vein

At the splenic flexure, the colon becomes the

descending colon

Pancreatic juice enters the small intestine at the

duodenal papilla

Submucosal glands that secrete mucus are characteristic of the

duodenum

The part of the small intestine most likely to develop an ulcer from exposure to gastric juice is the

duodenum

Absorption of glucose from the gut lumen depends on all of the following except

emulsification forming small micelles

Bile salts aid in the digestion of fats by ________ large fat droplets.

emulsifying

An intestinal hormone that stimulates mucin production by the submucosal duodenal glands is

enterocrinin

Haustra are

expansible pouches of the colon.

The structure that marks the division between the right and left lobes of the liver is the

falciform ligament

Which of the following has an association with the fetal umbilical vein?

falciform ligament

Blockage of the common hepatic duct would interfere with digestion of

fats

What stimulates stretch receptors in the rectum?

feces causing distension in the rectum

Circular folds are

pleats in the lining of the small intestine

The enzyme amylase digests

polysaccharides

A blood clot blocking flow through the liver might cause

portal hypertension