Ch 34 Pediatric Emergencies
Blood pressure is usually not assessed in children younger than ____________ years
3
A pediatric patient involved in a drowning emergency may present with: A abdominal distention B cerebral edema C hypoglycemia D chest pain
A
Burns in children are commonly caused by all the following except: A entrapment in a structural fire B scalding water in about time C exposure to caustic chemicals D hot items on the stove top
A
Pale skin in a child indicates that the: Choose one answer. a. blood vessels near the skin are constricted. b. oxygen content in the blood is decreased. c. child is in severe decompensated shock. d. child's core body temperature is elevated.
A
Signs and symptoms of meningitis in The infant or child include all the following except: A. Sunken fontanelles B. Headache and fever C a stiff or painful neck D altered mental status
A
Signs of an upper airway obstruction in an infant or child include all the following except: A wheezing B a weak cough C a cough that resembles the bark of a seal D stridorous breathing
A
When a child is struck by a car the area of greatest injury depends mostly on the: A age of the child and the size of the car that struck him or her B Height of the child and the speed of the car C size of a child and the height of the bumper upon impact D speed at which the car was traveling when impact occurred
A
When assessing an eight-year-old child you should: A ask the child, not just the caregiver B use a toe to head assessment approach C refrain from taking a blood pressure D Rely solely on the parent for information
A
When caring for a female child who has possibly been sexually abused, you should: A have a female EMT remain with her if possible B carefully examine the genitalia for signs of injury C. Encourage the child to urinate and take a shower D. Immediately report your suspicions to the parents
A
When triaging patients at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you encounter a five-year-old child who is unresponsive and apneic. After positioning his airway, you should: A palpate for carotid pulse B categorize him deceased C deliver five rescue breaths D categorize him as immediate
A
Which of the following findings is least suggestive of child abuse? A consistency in the method of injury reported by the caregiver B burns to the hands or feet that involve a glove distribution C an unexplained delay seeking medical care after the injury D evidence of alcohol consumption or drug use at the scene
A
You were dispatched to a residence for a child with respiratory distress. The patient, a 18 month old female is tachypneic, has a sternal retractions, and is clinging to her mother. Her skin is pink and dry and her heart is 120 bpm. Most appropriate treatment for this child includes: A asministering blow by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother B separating the child from her mother and providing ventilatory assistance C requesting a paramedic ambulance to insert an advanced airway device D allowing the child to remain with her mother and applying a nasal cannula
A
A pediatric patient with a fever, pain on palpation of the right lower quadrant, and rebound tenderness is likely suffering from ____________.
Appendicitis
A 5-year-old child has had severe vomiting and diarrhea for 4 days. Which of the following assessment findings would be the MOST indicative of decompensated shock? A pulse rate greater than 120 bpm B blood pressure of 70/ 40 mmHg C respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute D capillary refill time of 4 seconds
B
A common cause of shock in an infant is: A a cardiac dysrhythmia B dehydration from vomiting and diarrhea C cardiovascular disease D excessive tachycardia
B
A two month old infant was found unresponsive in his crib by his mother. When you arrive, you determine that he infant is apneic and pulseless. His skin is pale and cold and his arms are stiff. You should: A begin high-quality CPR and request an ALS ambulance B inform the child's mother that heat her son is deceased C request the medical examiner to form an autopsy D begin high-quality CPR transport immediately
B
Causes of seizures in children include all the following except: A infection B hyperglycemia C poisonings or ingestion D electrolyte and balances
B
EMTs are called for an unresponsive infant. When they arrive, they find the mother holding her child. She advises that the child became limp, blue, and stopped breathing. Assessment reveals that the infant is conscious and crying, and has good muscle tone and pink skin color. The mother states that she will take her child to the doctor. The EMTs should: A advise the mother that the danger has passed and that she can take the child to the pediatrician B inform the mother that, although the event seems to be resolved, transport via EMS is advisable C contact law-enforcement personnel and advise them that they are suspicious for child abuse D allow the mother to take her child to the doctor, but inform her that the risk for SIDS is high
B
For the following statements regarding pediatric trauma is crap? A inexperience and poor judgment are rare causes a pediatric trauma B children are more likely to experience diving related injuries C A child's head is less frequently injured then in adults D. Children are less likely than adults to be struck by a car
B
Normal respiration rate for a newborn should not exceed ____________ breaths per minute. A 50 B 60 C 70 D 80
B
The first month of life after birth is referred to as the: A start of infancy B neonatal period C Toddler period D premature phase
B
The purpose of the pediatric assessment triangle is to: A determine if the child is vital signs are within the age appropriate limits B allow you to rapidly and visually form a general impression of the child B facilitate a rapid head to assessment of the child by visualization only D gather critical data by performing a rapid hands on assessment of the child
B
Unless he or she is critically ill or injured, you should generally begin your assessment of a toddler: A at the head B. At the feet C in route to the hospital D. In the ambulance
B
When administering oxygen into a frightened child, it would be most appropriate to: A have a parent restrain a child as you give oxygen B Place O2 tubing through a hole in a paper cup C tightly secured the oxygen mask straps to the face D use a nasal cannula instead of a nonrebreathing mask
B
Which of the following statements regarding sudden infant death syndrome is correct? A SIDS is most commonly the result of an overwhelming infection B. Death as a result of SIDS can occur at any time of the day or night C. The cause of death by SIDS can be established by autopsy Dcertain cases of SIDS are predictable and therefore preventable
B
You are dispatched to a local elementary school for an injured child. As you approach the child, you know that he is lying at the base of the monkey bars. He is unresponsive and there is no sign of breathing. You should: A. Perform a head tilt chin lift maneuver B. Stabilize his head and check for a pulse C. Open his airway look into his mouth D. Begin immediate rescue breathing
B
A two-year-old female has experienced a seizure. When you arrive at the scene, the child is conscious, crying, and clinging to her mother. Her skin is hot moist. The mother tells you that the seizure lasted approximately five minutes. She further tells you that her daughter has no history of seizures, but has had a recent ear infection. You should: A suspect the child has meningitis and transport at once B place the child in cold water to reduce her fever C cool the child with tempered water and transport to the hospital D allow the mother to drive her daughter to the hospital
C
A viral infection that may cause obstruction of the upper airway in a child is called: A epiglottitis B asthma C croup D bronchitis
C
All the following are normal findings in an infant or child except: A belly breathing B fear or anxiety C head bobbing D quiet breathing
C
An infant with severe dehydration would be expected to present with: A excessive tearing B moist oral mucosa C absent urine output D bulging fontanelles
C
Breath sounds in the pediatric population are more easily heard because: A children typically have upper airway problems B the size of their lungs amplifies the sound C their chest walls are thinner D the chest cavity is small in proportion to the rest of the body
C
The following is not a common exposure when dealing with pediatric burns? A cleaning solvents B scalding water in a bathtub C electrocution from poor wiring D hot items on the stove
C
When questioning the parent of a child who just ate a poisonous substance, which of the following questions would be at least pertinence initially? A what time did the ingestion occur? B. Do you know what substance was ingested? C why did your child ingest the poison? D have you noticed any signs or symptoms?
C
Which of the following inquiries should you make in private when obtaining a sample history for my adolescent patient? A duration of symptoms B past medical history C sexual activity D change in bladder habits
C
Which of the following is not a common cause of altered mental status in pediatric patients? A drug and alcohol ingestion B seizure C hypertension D hypoglycemia
C
Caused by shaken baby syndrome is usually the result of: A fracture of the cervical spine B intra-abdominal hemorrhage B multiple open fractures D bleeding in the brain
D
Infection should be considered a possible cause of an airway obstruction in an infant or child, especially if he or she presents with: A Extreme restlessness B. Acute respiratory distress C. Skin that is cool and dry D. Drooling or congestion
D
Pupillary respond to pediatric patients may be abnormal in the presence of all the following except: A drugs B hypoxia C brain injury D anxiety
D
The situation allows, a child should be transported in a car see if here she weighs less than ____________ lbs. A 60 B 50 C 70 D 40
D
When ventilating a pediatric patient with a bag valve mask, the EMT should: A Ventilate the child with sharp, quick breads at the appropriate rate B squeeze the bag 40 times per minute when ventilating an infant C use a neonatal device for children younger than 12 months D block the pop off valve if needed to achieve adequate chest rise
D
When you are performing a scene assessment at an incident involving SIDS, you should focus your attention on all of the following except: a. signs of illness, including medication, humidifiers, and thermometers b. the general condition of the house c. the site where the infant was discovered d. the temperature of the room
D
The ____________ is a structured assessment tool that allows you to rapidly form a general impression of the pediatric patient condition without touching him or her
Pediatric assessment traingle
Children not only have a higher metabolic rate, but also a higher _________ _________, which is twice that of an adult.
oxygen demand
