Ch. 38 Prep U Review

A client, who is 42 years old and newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, has attended educational sessions to provide insight into the diagnosis. Which of the client's statements should prompt the nurse to provide further teaching?

"I'm disappointed, but I take some solace in the fact that I won't ever have to have insulin injections."

Rosiglitazone is being considered for the treatment of diabetes in an adult male client. Before the initiation of rosiglitazone therapy, the nurse should review what laboratory work recently drawn?

liver enzymes

The client is scheduled to get a breakfast tray at 07:00. At what time should the client receive a prescribed dose of insulin lispro?

6:45

A nurse must recognize the duration of insulin so as not to cause harm to the client with administration of the improper type of insulin. Which insulins are rapid acting? (Select all that apply.)

Insulin aspart (NovoLog) Insuline glulisine (Apidra)

What distinguishing characteristic is associated with type 1 diabetes?

exogenous insulin is required for life

Heavy intake of which herb should be avoided by a client who is prescribed an antidiabetic medication?

garlic

Which would a nurse identify as an example of a sulfonylurea?

glyburide

A nurse at a health care facility is assigned to administer insulin to the patient. Which intervention should the nurse perform before administering each insulin dose?

inspect the previous injection site for inflammation

The nurse is preparing to administer insulin lispro (Humalog) to a client at 7 AM. What is the nurse's priority intervention related to this medication?

make sure the client's breakfast is available in the next 5-10 minutes

Which would be least appropriate when administering insulin by subcutaneous injection?

massaging the site after removing the needle

After teaching a class about the various drugs used to control blood glucose, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the class identifies what as a biguanide?

metformin

A nurse should monitor a client taking glimepiride (Amaryl) for which of adverse effects? (Select all that apply.)

nausea heartburn hypoglycocemia

The nurse is discussing diabetes with a group of individuals who are at risk for the disease. Which statement by a participant indicates an understanding of the role of insulin in the disease?

"Insulin assists glucose molecules to enter the cells of muscle and fat tissues."

What statement would be appropriately included in the teaching concerning type 2 diabetes?

"Regular exercise makes your body better able to use the insulin it produces."

Insulin binds with and activates receptors on cell membranes. Once insulin-receptor binding occurs, the membranes become highly permeable to glucose. Which action does this enable?

entry of glucose into the cells

The nurse is educating a newly diagnosed diabetic who must learn how to give himself insulin injections. The nurse tells the client that insulin is absorbed fastest from which area of injection?

abdomen

Which medication would a nurse identify as a noninsulin injectable antidiabetic drug?

exenatide

After reviewing information about different insulin preparations, a nursing student demonstrates understanding of the information when the student identifies which medication as an example of a long-acting insulin?

insulin gargline

Amylin is a peptide hormone secreted with insulin by the beta cells of the pancreas and is important in the regulation of glucose control during the postprandial period. True or false?

true

After teaching a group of nursing students about antidiabetic drugs, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which as an example of a hormone mimetic? Select all that apply.

sitagliptin exenatide pramlintide

What is the expected action of sitagliptin on type 2 diabetes?

slows the rate of inactivation of the incretin hormones

A nurse is preparing an in-service presentation for a group of staff members on diabetes. Which would the nurse include as the primary delivery system for insulin?

subcutaneous injection

The nurse is aware that premixed insulins (those that contain both regular and NPH insulin) are least effective in what type of client?

client who has difficulty controlling his diabetes

A female client visits the health care provider's office after routine labs are drawn. The nurse notes that her A1C is 9. How does the nurse interpret this finding?

client's average blood glucose is above normal.

Which strategy will NOT increase the therapeutic effect of insulin?

all insulin should be stored in a refrigerator but never frozen

Which factor would prohibit the administration of glipizide?

allergy to sulfonamides

A nurse is assigned to administer glargine to a patient at a health care facility. What precaution should the nurse take when administering glargine?

avoid mixing glargine with other insulin

The nurse is educating a client who will be adding an injection of pramlintide to his insulin regimen. What information is most important for the nurse to share with this client to ensure safe medication administration?

do NOT give pramlintide in the same site where insulin is administered

A client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes asks the nurse why the client cannot just take a pill. The nurse would incorporate what knowledge when responding to this client?

insulin is needed because the beta cells of the pancreas are no longer functioning

A nurse is preparing to administer a rapid-acting insulin. Which medication would the nurse most likely administer?

insulin lispro

Which would be appropriate to include in teaching a client with type 2 diabetes?

it is possible with weight loss and exercise to discontinue the use of antidiabetic medication

A nurse is caring for a patient with diabetes mellitus who is receiving an oral antidiabetic drug. Which of following ongoing assessments should the nurse perform when caring for this patient?

observe the patient for hypoglycemic episodes

A female client is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. She suddenly reports feeling weak, shaky, and dizzy. What should the nurse's first response be?

perform a blood sugar analysis

Regular insulin may be administered intravenously or intramuscularly in an emergency situation.

true