Ch 4 Govt Test Review
__________was heard from some 20,000 protesters, many of them women, in October of 1932 as they demanded repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment
"We want beer."
The _________ Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures
4th
An estimated _________ American colonists remained loyal to the British Crown
500,000
The _________ Amendment protects against excessive bail, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishment
8th
Before it could take effect, the Constitution had to be ratified by __________ states
9 out of the 13 states
The main positive result of the Annapolis Convention was
A carefully worded resolution drafted by Alexander Hamilton calling on Congress to send commissioners to Philadelphia at a later time to possibly reform and improve the Articles
Shays's Rebellion was ultimately defeated by
A group of mercenaries
Article I of the Constitution refers to the
Article One of the United States Constitution establishes the legislative branch of the federal government, the United States Congress.
Including the Bill of Rights, __________ amendments have been added to the Constitution
27 including Bill of Rights
Historian Jack Rakove argues that in the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson was arguing for
Jefferson wasn't trying to seek individual equality, but the equality of people to enhance the rights of self government
The Federalist Papers were drafted by
John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, And James Madison
In the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson's statement that "all men are created equal" is similar to which theorist's belief that government is based on the "consent of the governed"?
John Locke
The first fighting in the American Revolution happened in ________ in early 1775.
Lexington and Concord
Which document proclaimed, "Each state retains its sovereignty, freedom, and independence, and every power, jurisdiction, and right, which is not ... expressly delegated to the United States"?
Articles of Confederation
The framers of the Constitution intended _________ to be the strongest branch(es) of government.
Congress
Article I, Section 8 of the constitution articulates the principle of _________, granting Congress limited powers
Enumerated power
The Great Compromise provided for
Equality, fair representation and voting
The text of the Constitution deals with slavery by
Free blacks counted the same as free whites for purposes of representation. Even though slaves were property under the laws of the Southern states, the Constitution itself acknowledged that they were persons. The Three-fifths Clause addressed how the slave population would be counted for purposes of representation.
The Supreme Court first declared that the courts have the power to overturn government acts that conflict with the Constitution in
Marbury v. Madison
The chief goal of the drafters of the Articles of Confederation was to
Protect states rights
Originally, the Constitutional Convention's purpose was to
Revise the Articles
Which state legislature sent no delegates to the Constitutional Convention?
Rhode Island
The assignment in the Constitution of lawmaking, law-enforcing, and law-interpreting functions to the legislative, executive, and judicial branches respectively is known as
Separation of Powers
The three-fifths compromise resolved the issue of
States using slaves as part of their population, when some states don't have as many as others
Under separation of powers, the U.S. system keeps power among branches balanced by enabling one branch to counter the actions of another by the use of
checks and balances
Amendments to the constitution may be proposed by two-thirds votes in both the House and the Senate or by a
constitutional convention
A constitutional clause that allows for a broad interpretation of implied powers is known as a(n) __________ clause.
elastic
Which of the following is not a power granted to the president under the Constitution?
enact legislation by issuing decrees
The key principle argued in the case Marbury v. Madison was
judicial review
When compared with the U.S. Constitution, most American state constitutions
longer and more detailed
One result of the Second Continental Congress was
managed the Colonial war effort and moved incrementally towards independence, adopting the United States Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776
According to the New Jersey Plan, how was representation to be structured in Congress?
There would be one house, with states having equal representation therein
Shays's Rebellion consisted of
series of protests in 1786 and 1787 by American farmers against state and local enforcement of tax collections and judgments for debt
The notion that governmental authority springs from the consent of the governed is derived from
social contract
After the Constitution was amended to permit the federal government to levy a progressive income tax, government could more effectively further the goal of
social equality
The Daughters of Liberty opposed British rule by
spinning bees, helping to produce homespun cloth for colonists to wear instead of British textiles and Women were also used as the enforcers of these movements because they were the ones responsible for purchasing goods for their households
A major event that led to greater British taxation of American colonies was
the Seven Years' War
The chief obstacle to ratification of the Constitution by the states was
the absence of the bill of rights
Unless they are impeached, federal judges serve
Until they resign or die
The plan presented at the Constitutional Convention generally favored by large states was
Virginia Plan
The original draft of the Declaration of Independence
Was written by Jefferson when it was further revised by the other members of the Committee of Five and by Congress
The main argument against the need for a bill of rights was that
the constitution established a government of limited powers; because the government was no given the power to regulate individual liberties, no bill of rights was necessary.
A confederation can best be described as
a loose association of independent states
A republic is a government
a state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch
Antifederalists attacked the proposed Constitution on the grounds that
the national government it created was too strong
Article VI of the constitution contains provisions establishing
the supremacy clause and the no religious test clause
The primary contribution of the Federalist papers is
their insight into the reasons for constitutional provisions
The Bill of Rights consists of the first __________ amendments to the Constitution
10
The _________ guaranteed citizenship to all persons, including blacks
14th
The American Revolution effectively ended with the surrender of Cornwallis and his army at Yorktown in
1781
Which amendment does the text categorize as "disastrous"
18th
The _________ guarantees that citizens' right to vote cannot be denied "on account of sex."
19th
To amend the Articles of Confederation required a(n)
All 13 states approval
One similarity between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan was that both plans
Both dealt with the representation in congress
The power of the president to veto laws is an example of
Checks and balances
Under the Constitution, the slave trade
Congress prohibited the African slave trade twenty years after ratification of the Constitution.
Which document proclaimed, "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights"?
Declaration of Independence
Among the most undemocratic features of the U.S. Constitution is the
Denial of some groups equal treatment, failure to outlaw slavery, and creating electoral college
After the failure of the Articles of Confederation, the founders adopted a ________ form of government, strong enough to maintain order but not to dominate the states
Federal
Supporters of the Constitution named themselves
Federalist
The power of Congress to charter a bank is an example of what type of power?
Implied Power
Which of the following is not one of the political principles relied on by the founders?
One person, one vote
The original procedure for selecting the vice president, under the electoral college, was
The 12th Amendment gives each elector two votes in the Electoral College, but specifies that one vote is for the president and the other is for vice president instead of two votes for president with the runner-up becoming the vice president.
According to Madison in Federalist No.10, the most common and durable source of factions has been
The various and unequal distribution of property
The chief objective of the First Continental Congress was to
To petition England for their rights; Right to "life, Liberty, and property;" Trial by jury; peaceable assemble; Consideration of their grievances and for rights they had been denied
According to John Locke, all legitimate political authority exists to preserve
property - estate
The constitutional amendment process requires
proposed either by the Congress with a two-thirds majority vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate or by a constitutional convention called for by two-thirds of the State legislatures
The Articles of Confederation failed because
they did not give Congress and the national government enough power
Federalist No. 10 and Federalist No. 51 each argue, from different angles, that the constitution combats
tyranny