Ch 4 Govt Test Review

__________was heard from some 20,000 protesters, many of them women, in October of 1932 as they demanded repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment

"We want beer."

The _________ Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures

4th

An estimated _________ American colonists remained loyal to the British Crown

500,000

The _________ Amendment protects against excessive bail, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishment

8th

Before it could take effect, the Constitution had to be ratified by __________ states

9 out of the 13 states

The main positive result of the Annapolis Convention was

A carefully worded resolution drafted by Alexander Hamilton calling on Congress to send commissioners to Philadelphia at a later time to possibly reform and improve the Articles

Shays's Rebellion was ultimately defeated by​

A group of mercenaries

Article I of the Constitution refers to the

Article One of the United States Constitution establishes the legislative branch of the federal government, the United States Congress.

Including the Bill of Rights, __________ amendments have been added to the Constitution

27 including Bill of Rights

​Historian Jack Rakove argues that in the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson was arguing for

Jefferson wasn't trying to seek individual equality, but the equality of people to enhance the rights of self government

The Federalist Papers were drafted by​

John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, And James Madison

In the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson's statement that "all men are created equal" is similar to which theorist's belief that government is based on the "consent of the governed"?

John Locke

The first fighting in the American Revolution happened in ________ in early 1775.

Lexington and Concord

Which document proclaimed, "Each state retains its sovereignty, freedom, and independence, and every power, jurisdiction, and right, which is not ... expressly delegated to the United States"?

Articles of Confederation

The framers of the Constitution intended _________ to be the strongest branch(es) of government.

Congress

Article I, Section 8 of the constitution articulates the principle of _________, granting Congress limited powers

Enumerated power

The Great Compromise provided for

Equality, fair representation and voting

The text of the Constitution deals with slavery by

Free blacks counted the same as free whites for purposes of representation. Even though slaves were property under the laws of the Southern states, the Constitution itself acknowledged that they were persons. The Three-fifths Clause addressed how the slave population would be counted for purposes of representation.

The Supreme Court first declared that the courts have the power to overturn government acts that conflict with the Constitution in

Marbury v. Madison

The chief goal of the drafters of the Articles of Confederation was to​

Protect states rights

Originally, the Constitutional Convention's purpose was to

Revise the Articles

Which state legislature sent no delegates to the Constitutional Convention?

Rhode Island

The assignment in the Constitution of lawmaking, law-enforcing, and law-interpreting functions to the legislative, executive, and judicial branches respectively is known as

Separation of Powers

The three-fifths compromise resolved the issue of​

States using slaves as part of their population, when some states don't have as many as others

Under separation of powers, the U.S. system keeps power among branches balanced by enabling one branch to counter the actions of another by the use of

checks and balances

Amendments to the constitution may be proposed by two-thirds votes in both the House and the Senate or by​ a

constitutional convention

A constitutional clause that allows for a broad interpretation of implied powers is known as a(n) __________ clause.

elastic

Which of the following is not a power granted to the president under the Constitution?

enact legislation by issuing decrees

The key principle argued in the case Marbury v. Madison was

judicial review

When compared with the U.S. Constitution, most American state constitutions

longer and more detailed

One result of the Second Continental Congress was

managed the Colonial war effort and moved incrementally towards independence, adopting the United States Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776

According to the New Jersey Plan, how was representation to be structured in Congress?

There would be one house, with states having equal representation therein

Shays's Rebellion consisted of

series of protests in 1786 and 1787 by American farmers against state and local enforcement of tax collections and judgments for debt

The notion that governmental authority springs from the consent of the governed is derived from

social contract

After the Constitution was amended to permit the federal government to levy a progressive income tax, government could more effectively further the goal of

social equality

The Daughters of Liberty opposed British rule by

spinning bees, helping to produce homespun cloth for colonists to wear instead of British textiles and Women were also used as the enforcers of these movements because they were the ones responsible for purchasing goods for their households

A major event that led to greater British taxation of American colonies was

the Seven Years' War

The chief obstacle to ratification of the Constitution by the states was

the absence of the bill of rights

Unless they are impeached, federal judges serve

Until they resign or die

The plan presented at the Constitutional Convention generally favored ​by large states was

Virginia Plan

The original draft of the Declaration of Independence

Was written by Jefferson when it was further revised by the other members of the Committee of Five and by Congress

The main argument against the need for a bill of rights was that

the constitution established a government of limited powers; because the government was no given the power to regulate individual liberties, no bill of rights was necessary.

A confederation can best be described as

a loose association of independent states

A republic is a government

a state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch

Antifederalists attacked the proposed Constitution on the grounds that

the national government it created was too strong

Article VI of the constitution contains provisions establishing​

the supremacy clause and the no religious test clause

The primary contribution of the Federalist papers is

their insight into the reasons for constitutional provisions

The Bill of Rights consists of the first __________ amendments to the Constitution

10

The _________ guaranteed citizenship to all persons, including blacks

14th

The American Revolution effectively ended with the surrender of Cornwallis and his army at Yorktown in​

1781

Which amendment does the text categorize as "disastrous"

18th

The _________ guarantees that citizens' right to vote cannot be denied "on account of sex."

19th

To amend the Articles of Confederation required a(n)

All 13 states approval

One similarity between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan was that both plans

Both dealt with the representation in congress

The power of the president to veto laws is an example of

Checks and balances

Under the Constitution, the slave trade

Congress prohibited the African slave trade twenty years after ratification of the Constitution.

Which document proclaimed, "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights"?

Declaration of Independence

Among the most undemocratic​ features of the U.S. Constitution is the

Denial of some groups equal treatment, failure to outlaw slavery, and creating electoral college

After the failure of the Articles of Confederation, the founders adopted a ________ form of government, strong enough to maintain order but not to dominate the states

Federal

Supporters of the Constitution named themselves

Federalist

The power of Congress to charter a bank is an example of what type of power?

Implied Power

Which of the following is not one of the political principles relied on by the founders?

One person, one vote

The original procedure for selecting the vice president, under the electoral college, was

The 12th Amendment gives each elector two votes in the Electoral College, but specifies that one vote is for the president and the other is for vice president instead of two votes for president with the runner-up becoming the vice president.

According to Madison in Federalist No.10, the most common and durable source of factions has been

The various and unequal distribution of property

The chief objective of the First Continental Congress was​ to

To petition England for their rights; Right to "life, Liberty, and property;" Trial by jury; peaceable assemble; Consideration of their grievances and for rights they had been denied

According to John Locke, all legitimate political authority exists to preserve​

property - estate

The constitutional amendment process requires

proposed either by the Congress with a two-thirds majority vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate or by a constitutional convention called for by two-thirds of the State legislatures

The Articles of Confederation failed because

they did not give Congress and the national government enough power

Federalist No. 10 and Federalist No. 51 each argue, from different angles, that the constitution combats

tyranny