Ch. 5-7 Bio 100

After glycolysis but before the citric acid cycle,

pyruvate is oxidized

CO2 enters and O2 escapes from a leaf via

stomata

The oxygen released into the air as a product of photosynthesis comes from

water

Which of the following molecules is a reactant of photosynthesis?

CO2

Sunlight is a type of ________ energy

electromagnetic

Photoautotrophs

produce organic molecules from inorganic molecules

As a result of glycolysis, there is a net gain of ________ ATP(s)

2

How many molecules of NADH are produced during glycolysis?

2

Which of the following are produced during the light reactions of photosynthesis?

ATP, NADPH, O2

The overall equation for the cellular respiration of glucose is

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy

13) A plant cell in a hypotonic solution A) becomes turgid because of an inflow of water. B) bursts because of an inflow of water. C) shrivels because of an outflow of water. D) wilts because of an outflow of water.

becomes turgid because of an inflow of water

________ cells in leaves are specialized for photosynthesis

Mesophyll

During cellular respiration, NADH

delivers its electron load to the first electron carrier molecule

The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane as consisting of A) a phospholipid bilayer with embedded carbohydrates. B) two layers of phospholipids with cholesterol sandwiched between them. C) carbohydrates and phospholipids that can drift in the membrane. D) diverse proteins embedded in a phospholipid bilayer.

diverse proteins embedded in a phospholipid bilayer

7) Small, nonpolar, hydrophobic molecules such as fatty acids A) easily pass through a membrane's lipid bilayer. B) very slowly diffuse through a membrane's lipid bilayer. C) require transport proteins to pass through a membrane's lipid bilayer. D) are actively transported across cell membranes. hension

easily pass through a membrane's lipid bilayer.

During redox reactions

electrons are lost from one substance and added to another substance

Which of the following are products of cellular respiration?

energy to make ATP and carbon dioxide

Pyruvate

forms at the end of glycolysis

Which of the following are produced during the Calvin cycle?

glucose, ADP, NADP+

Which of the following metabolic pathways is common in aerobic and anaerobic metabolism?

glycolysis

During which of the following phases of cellular respiration does substrate-level phosphorylation take place?

glycolysis and the citric acid cycle

Which of the following options lists the stages in cellular respiration in the correct order?

glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation

Thylakoids are arranged in stacks called

grana

Which of the following colors contributes the least energy to photosynthesis?

green

3) The cholesterol associated with animal cell membranes A) is attached to membrane proteins and extends into the watery environment surrounding the cell. B) helps to keep phospholipids from being too close to one another. C) is an abnormality resulting from a diet high in cholesterol. D) helps solidify the membranes when the room temperature is below freezing

helps solidify the membranes when the room temperature is below freezing

Respiration ________, and cellular respiration ________.

is gas exchange; produces ATP

11) A cell that has neither a net gain of water nor net loss of water when it is immersed in a solution must be A) isotonic to its environment. B) hypertonic to its environment. C) hypotonic to its environment. D) metabolically inactive.

isotonic to its environment

What is the source of energy that provides the boost for electrons during photosynthesis?

light

Oxidation is the ________, and reduction is the ________.

loss of electrons; gain of electrons

12) In a hypotonic solution, an animal cell will A) lyse. B) experience turgor. C) neither gain nor lose water. D) shrivel.

lyse

8) Oxygen crosses a plasma membrane by A) osmosis. B) active transport. C) pinocytosis. D) passive transport.

passive transport

9) Diffusion does not require the cell to expend ATP. Therefore, diffusion is considered a type of A) exocytosis. B) passive transport. C) active transport. D) endocytosis.

passive transport

10) Osmosis can be defined as A) the diffusion of water. B) the diffusion of nonpolar molecules. C) active transport. D) the diffusion of a solute.

the diffusion of water

6) Plasma membranes are selectively permeable. This means that A) anything can pass into or out of a cell as long as the membrane is intact and the cell is healthy. B) the plasma membrane allows some substances to enter or leave a cell more easily than others. C) glucose cannot enter the cell. D) plasma membranes must be very thick.

the plasma membrane allows some substances to enter or leave a cell more easily than others

Where is chlorophyll found in a plant cell?

thylakoid membranes

The light reactions occur in the ________, while the Calvin cycle occurs in the ________.

thylakoid membranes; stroma

14) Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires ________ and moves a substance ________ its concentration gradient. A) energy and transport proteins; down B) transport proteins; down C) energy and transport proteins; against D) transport proteins; against

transport proteins; down

5) Which of the following statements regarding membrane protein function is false? A) Membrane proteins serve as enzymes. B) Membrane proteins act as receptors to molecules like hormones. C) Membrane proteins form junctions between cells. D) Membrane proteins transfer genetic information to the cytoplasm.

Membrane proteins transfer genetic information to the cytoplasm

Which of the following statements regarding the movement of electrons during cellular respiration is true?

O2 is reduced when it accepts electrons and forms water

How do cells capture the energy released by cellular respiration?

They produce ATP

15) Aquaporins

allow water to cross the plasma membrane via facilitated diffusion

2) Membrane phospholipids A) have hydrophobic heads that face the center of the membrane and are shielded from water. B) have hydrophilic tails that face outward and are exposed to water. C) are able to drift about in the plasma membrane. D) remain fluid because they are tightly packed against one another

are able to drift about in the plasma membrane

What is the likely origin of chloroplasts?

photosynthesis prokaryotes that lived inside eukaryotic cells

4) Most of the functions of a cell membrane, including transport and enzymatic function, are performed by A) glycolipids. B) proteins. C) phospholipids. D) cholesterol

proteins

In the chloroplast, sugars are made in a compartment that is filled with a thick fluid called the

stroma