Ch. 5 Inquizitive

How have affirmative action policies evolved over time?

- President Johnson compels the federal civil service to hire minorities. - The federal government makes affirmative action a priority. - The Supreme Court said affirmative action policies must survive strict scrutiny.

Liberals

- Quotas are valid and accepted in several parts of American life. - Discrimination must be attacked at the group level.

Conservatives

- Rights are fundamentally individual. - The Constitution is color-blind.

Which of the following statements about the relationship between the timing of an event during this era and its effect on demonstrations does the graph support?

- The Civil Rights Act of 1964 addressed many concerns related to public accommodations. - The formation of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee in 1960 led to a wave of new protests.

Which of the following statements about Native American civil rights are correct?

- The Supreme Court ruled that Native Americans are not subject to state laws prohibiting gambling. - Native Americans have successfully used the courts to win reparations from the federal government.

Major moments from civil rights history in chronological order.

- The equal protection clause is added to the U.S. Constitution. - Plessy v. Ferguson is decided by the Supreme Court. - Brown v. Board of Education is decided by the Supreme Court. - The Civil Rights Act and the Voting Rights Act are passed in back-to-back years.

What services and protections does the United States allow for unauthorized immigrants?

- access to medical care - access to education

De Jure

- policies restricting who can sit where on a public bus - laws mandating separate dining facilities for minorities

De Facto

- segregation resulting from housing patterns - schools where students are predominantly of one race because of who lives in the neighborhood

which decade saw an explosion in the number of social movements fighting for their rights?

1960 Many important movements happened before the 1960s, but the sheer number of groups who pushed to expand their civil rights in the 1960s remains the high water mark of social protest in American life.

Choose all of the moments that relate to gay and lesbian civil rights

Lawrence v. Texas The repeal of "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" The Supreme Court strikes down DOMA

Which of the following statements about the relationship between the timing of an event during this era and its effect on demonstrations does the graph support?

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 addressed many concerns related to public accommodations. The formation of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee in 1960 led to a wave of new protests.

Adarand Constructors v. Peña (1995)

The Court ruled that affirmative action policies must survive strict scrutiny.

Grutter v. Bollinger (2003)

The Court ruled that in this case, affirmative action policies served a compelling state interest.

Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978)

The Court ruled that quotas for minority students were unconstitutional.

Which amendment provides the most substantial grounding for modern civil rights legislation?

The Fourteenth Amendment is important for both civil rights and civil liberties. The due process clause specifically lays the legal framework that requires federal government intervention to prevent discrimination.

What encouraged more legal action regarding the education of women?

The Supreme Court ruled that gender discrimination could result in monetary damages.

The gap between white and black voting rates was the smallest in _________ before the Voting Rights Act. The act had the biggest impact in closing the gap in ________, where the gap closed by more than 50 percentage points. The act had the smallest impact on black voter registration rates in _______________.

Virginia, Mississippi, North Carolina

Which of the following tactics did the NAACP use most frequently in the first half of the twentieth century?

litigation

Lily Ledbetter Fair Pay Act

made it easier for employees to sue in cases of wage discrimination

Equal Pay Act of 1963

made wage discrimination illegal

Repeal of "Don't Ask, Don't Tell"

allowed gay men and women to serve openly in the military

Franklin v. Gwinnett County Public Schools

allowed monetary damages for Title IX violations

Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act

established sexual harassment as a form of sex discrimination

Supreme Court ruling on the federal Defense of Marriage Act

expanded recognition of same-sex marriages

Lawrence v. texas

extended the right of privacy, as related to intimate contact, to gay men and lesbians

Put the following events from the history of Latino civil rights in chronological order, from earliest to most recent.

- League of United Latin American Citizens founded - Mendez v. Westminster - Cesar Chavez hunger strikes

What contributed to the expansion of civil rights for African Americans after World War II?

- NAACP lawyers won several important court cases. - The President's Commission on Civil Rights suggested that Congress try to pass civil rights legislation. - Congress made it illegal for southern states to force African Americans to use separate public facilities.

What has caused the Supreme Court to weaken affirmative action laws?

Some affirmative action policies violated the Fourteenth Amendment. The Court decided that affirmative action policies must survive strict scrutiny.