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Which statement should be used in teaching a client prescribed isotretinoin about the US FDA black box warning?

"It can cause spontaneous abortion and congenital malformations."

A client diagnosed with an infection is prescribed an antimicrobial. The client asks when antimicrobials are used. What is the nurse's best response?

"They are used to treat infections caused by bacteria, fungi, and viruses."

Which teaching instructions should a nurse include when a client is prescribed a topical medication? Select all that apply.

"Use a small amount of the medication and rub it in well." "Wash your hands before and after application." "Wash the skin and pat it dry."

A client prescribed tetracycline for acne vulgaris asks how long until the client can see results from the medication. What is the nurse's best response?

"We should see improvement in 6-8 weeks."

A client has come into the emergency department after crashing on a bike. There is the "road rash" covering the client's legs. After cleansing the affected area with chlorhexidine, what type of drug would the nurse use topically on the "road rash" area?

A topical anti-infective

A boy 16 years of age is seen in the clinic for a progressed rash in his groin which begun shortly after he begun working full time as a lifeguard. The nurse knows that the provider would most likely order which type of medication?

A topical antifungal

What are factors that can increase systemic absorption of topical agents? Select all that apply.

Application to inflamed skin Application to the mucous membranes

An infant comes to the clinic with extreme diaper rash that has spread over the entire genitalia and begun to advance down both legs. The health care provider orders a topical ointment to treat this problem. What should the nurse include in teaching the parents about this ointment?

Apply the diaper loosely after applying this ointment.

A 19-month-old infant is prescribed a topical corticosteroid for treatment of a rash in both axillae. The client's health care provider should monitor for which adverse effect of this medication?

Impaired adrenal function

Which of the following has anti-infective action against bacteria, fungi, viruses, yeasts, and protozoa? (Choose one)

Iodine

When applying a topical corticosteroid, the nurse avoids applying an occlusive dressing whenever possible. The rationale for this action is:

Localized adverse reactions are more likely when a dressing is applied

A wrestler is seen by the school nurse for a rash on his arms. This is the same type of rash that several of his teammates have had recently. The nurse recognizes the rash and tells the wrestler that he has ringworm. The nurse knows that which of the following medications is used to treat ringworm?

Lotrimin

The client has just been diagnosed with psoriasis and has lesions around the right eye. What would be an important factor for the nurse to teach the client about the use of topical corticosteroid preparations repeatedly on the face and around the eyes?

Cataract development is possible

A pregnant woman is being prepped and draped for her C-section delivery. The client is allergic to povodine-iodine. What would be a good choice for the nurse to use?

Chlorhexidine

The pharmacology instructor asks a student to list the uses for topical enzymes. The student is correct when listing the following. (Select all that apply.)

Chronic dermal ulcers Severely burned areas

The nurse knows that which topical medication can be absorbed in sufficient amounts to cause systemic effects such as severe diarrhea, stomach cramps, or bloody stools?

Clindamycin

Which medications are effective treatments for tinea infections? Select all that apply.

Clotrimazole Ketoconazole Miconazole

The nurse educator is teaching students about various viral skin infections. Which types of infections should the nurse educator include in the teaching session? Select all that apply.

Herpes simplex, type 1 Herpes zoster Varicella

A client has asked the nurse for the current recommendations surrounding sunscreen use, to avoid conflicting guidelines. What dermatologic guidelines concerning sunscreen protective factor (SPF) use should the nurse share with the client?

no less than 30

When discussing dermatological medications with a group of teens, what factors associated with the increased systemic absorption of topical agents should be discussed? Select all that apply.

presence of skin inflammation size of application area potency of the medication

After being prescribed a keratolytic, a client has asked the nurse to clarify the purpose of the medication. The nurse's reply is based upon what information regarding the purpose of the classification of medications?

repair of sun-damaged skin

Which medication is most effective in treating rosacea?

topical metronidazole

A college student is distraught that facial acne has become more serious over the past several months and is requesting a prescription for isotretinoin. What assessment is the priority before the initiation of this treatment?

two consecutive pregnancy testings

What term is used to identify an inflammatory response characterized by a raised edematous area with a pale center and red border, which itches intensely?

urticaria

Localized adverse reactions to corticosteroids include burning, itching, irritation, redness, and dryness of the skin. Which is likely to increase the occurrence of these reactions?

used with occlusive dressings

The nurse should educate a client that drug-related reactions typically occur how long after the introduction of a new drug?

within the first 2 weeks of treatment

A 5-year-old is diagnosed with impetigo. Which medication does the nurse suspect the prescriber to order for this condition?

Mupirocin

The nurse knows that a pediatric client is at greater risk for systemic adverse reactions from a topical medication. Why?

Pediatric clients have a greater skin surface area to body mass ratio.

Burn clients have a difficult time maintaining adequate fluid balance due to their wounds. What role of the skin does a burn wound violate?

Physical barrier

The nurse is providing care for a client whose current medications include tacrolimus (Prograf). The nurse should anticipate that this client is likely to be taking what medication concurrently?

Prednisone

A client was prescribed an enzyme preparation for his pressure ulcer. Once the nurse applied it, the client started screaming that it hurt terribly and to please remove it. What should the nurse do?

Use povidone-iodine to wash the enzyme preparation off the client.

The nurse at the clinic should teach the client that the symptoms of psoriasis are attributable to what physiological process?

accelerated turnover of epidermal cells

A client is diagnosed with an oral herpes simplex virus infection. Which would the nurse expect the primary health care provider to prescribe? Select all that apply.

acyclovir penciclovir

Which topical drug exerts localized anti-inflammatory activity?

alclometasone

A new graduate is taking an orientation at the local hospital and attends an in-service on antiseptics and germicides. The graduate correctly identifies what uses for both? Select all that apply.

all to reduce the number of bacteria on skin as a surgical scrub and preoperative skin cleanser for washing the hands before and after client care in the home to cleanse the skin on minor cuts and abrasions to prevent infection

A client asks the nurse if there is any herbal therapy that can be used to help soothe and heal his minor burn. Which would the nurse suggest?

aloe vera

An older adult client has been bedridden for several months and has developed a deep bedsore on her hip. The nurse knows that which of the following would be used in the treatment of this wound?

an enzyme combination

A client presents to the clinic with bright red patches that are covered with scales on her elbows. The client states her friend had the same symptoms and was prescribed a medication for psoriasis. The nurse knows that the client's friend likely was given which topical medication?

anthralin

The nursing student is learning about topical anti-infectives and correctly identifies the following to be included in this class: (Select all that apply.)

antibiotics antifungals antivirals

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving collagenase for the treatment of severe burns. The nurse should know that which other drugs can impair the enzymatic activity?

antiseptics

Viral skin infections present a difficult clinical challenge to the nurse. Which skin conditions are associated with a viral infection? Select all that apply.

herpes simplex varicella

A client is admitted to the hospital with severe poison ivy over the entire body. It has even spread to the eyes and genitalia. The nurse correctly identifies these nursing diagnoses for this client. (Select all that apply.)

impaired skin integrity acute pain risk for infection disturbed body image

After receiving a prescription for a topical medication to treat a skin disorder, a client wonders to expect the medication to do. The nurse should indicate that the medication could:

improve barrier function.

When planning client care, the nurse should ensure that the client has been informed of what risk associated with tacrolimus therapy?

increased risks of skin cancer and lymphoma

A student demonstrates understanding of topical antiseptics and germicides by identifying which as having anti-infective action against bacteria, fungi, viruses, yeasts, and protozoa? Select all that apply.

iodine sodium hypochlorite

A client with warts is prescribed salicylic acid. The nurse understands that this topical drug is an example of which type of drug?

keratolytic

A client comes to the dermatology clinic with redness on the cheeks and small, red, pus-filled bumps on the nose and cheeks. The nurse anticipates which medication to be ordered for this client?

metronidazole

Which oral antibiotics may be prescribed to treat acne vulgaris? Select all that apply.

minocycline tetracycline doxycycline erythromycin

What characteristics are associated with psoriasis rather than those of acute lesions of atopic dermatitis? Select all that apply.

dryness scales

A client has been taking isotretinoin for 4 months. What question should the nurse ask to best assess for a serious adverse effects associated with this drug?

"Are you experiencing any signs of depression?"

A nurse is working in the emergency department and caring for a client who requires emergency dental care. The dentist uses viscous lidocaine as a topical anesthetic. What discharge instruction should the nurse give the client?

"Do not eat food for the next hour."

in what layer of the skin are the blood vessels and nerve endings found?

Dermis

A client is preparing for open heart surgery. The provider gave her a bottle of chlorhexidine and told her to scrub her chest the night before surgery. The nurse knows that this was done for what reason?

The health care provider wants to eliminate as many organisms from the skin as possible by prescrubbing the area the night before surgery.

A nursing student correctly identifies the action of a keratolytic when stating which of the following?

This drug removes excess growth of the epidermis.

A client is seeing the health care provider for itchy, flaky feet, particularly between the toes. The client will likely be diagnosed with which condition? (Choose one)

Tinea pedis

A client is seen daily for debridement of his second- and third-degree burns on his arm. The nurse expects that what type of medication will be used to help remove the dead skin from the burn?

Topical enzyme

An inflammatory response characterized by a raised edematous area with a pale center and red border, which itches intensely, is known as

Urticaria.

The nurse is able to apply which antibiotics in the topical form? (Select all that apply.)

bacitracin gentamicin erythromycin

A client has onychomycosis. Which medication might the nurse expect to be prescribed?

ciclopirox

Which topical medication regimen is most usually prescribed when retinoid therapy is not an option?

clindamycin with benzoyl peroxide

An older adult client with pneumonia has just been admitted from a nursing home to the medical floor with a stage 4 decubitus ulcer on the buttocks. The ulcer has approximately 80% necrtoci tissue in the wound bed. What topical agent should the nurse expect the health care to prescribe for this client?

collagenase

The nurse understands that when applying a corticosteroid to the skin, it varies in potency depending on the following characteristics: (Select all that apply.

concentration vehicle area of treatment

what medication is prescribed for a severe reaction to poison ivy?

corticosteroids

which risk factor involved in development of decubitus ulcers should the nurse discuss with a group of caregivers?(select all that apply)

debilitation malnutrition incontinence

a college student is seen in the clinic for a cold sore on her upper lip. The nurse knows that what type of topical medication may be prescribed?

docosanol