CH 6 Practice Quiz

_____ is one of the earliest means of active and intentional communication, emerging at about 10 months of age and becoming well developed by 12 months.

Pointing

Which theory of language development asserts that language develops through conditioning, with parents acting as instructors who reinforce speech?

behaviorism

Some scientists' belief that babies are born with a basic understanding of how the world works, which they call _____, serves to explain infants' often impressive cognitive abilities.

core knowledge

Word order, prefixes, suffixes, intonation, verb forms, pronouns, negations, prepositions, and articles are called:

grammar

In the visual cliff experiment, even 3-month-olds notice the difference between a solid surface and an apparent cliff. However, one affordance of the cliff, falling, is realized only after:

infants experience crawling.

Tertiary circular reactions are characterized by:

infants independently exploring and experimenting.

According to the sociocultural perspective, all human infants seek to master words and grammar in order to:

join the social world.

The awareness that objects or people continue to exist when they are no longer in sight is called:

object permanence.

Piaget's cognitive development period that begins at birth and ends around age 2 is called:

sensorimotor intelligence.

Some babies are considered _____, because they hear the differences in any language.

universalists