Ch. 6 PSY

In ________ conditioning, the unconditioned stimulus unconditionally elicits a reaction. For example, a bit of black pepper blown into the eye produces a blinking response.

classical

Grace whistles while tickling Khaleel with a feather. Eventually, Khaleel starts to squirm and giggle every time Grace whistles, even when he is not being tickled. In this example, squirming and giggling is a(n) ______

conditioned response

____ is known for using Little Albert in his studies on human emotion.

John B. Watson

Dymesha watches her older sister do headstands. Dymesha falls over when she attempts to do a headstand herself. She watches her older sister more carefully, and she notices that her sister leans backward slightly to complete her headstand. Dymesha is then able to do headstands herself. Which type of learning is this?

observational

Learning that occurs while watching others and then imitating, or modeling, what they do or say is called ________ learning.

observational

Dimitri and Rita eat some donuts for breakfast and then spend the morning at an amusement park. After a few hours of riding the Super Looper Double Twist Dimitri feels nauseous and regurgitates the donuts. Rita is fine, but Dimitri has developed a ________, and the next time they stop for donuts, Dimitri immediately feels ill.

taste aversion

Which of the following is an example of observational learning?

teaching yourself yoga by watching a yoga group at the park

Which of the following is a process by which we learn to associate stimuli and, consequently, to anticipate events?

Classical conditioning

What do psychologists call a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from experience?

Learning

Dave's boss told him that he doesn't have to attend the company picnic (which everybody dislikes) if Dave meets his sales quota this month. Dave's boss is using _______

Negative reinforcement

In operant conditioning, ________ is when something is removed to increase the likelihood of a behavior.

Negative reinforcement

If a stimulus plus a response results in a satisfying outcome, the probability of that response occurring again ____

increases

Question text Julian watches his grandfather repair watches. As Julian matures he imitates what his grandfather does, and then his grandfather shows him more complicated techniques. Eventually, Julian is as proficient at repairing watches as his grandfather. This exemplifies _______

learning.

In classical conditioning, the association that is learned is between a _____

neutral stimulus and unconditioned stimulus

In operant conditioning, what describes adding something to decrease the likelihood of behavior?

punishment