Ch 6 PSY 101

Experiencing sudden pain is to _____ as recognizing that you are suffering a heart attack is to _____.

sensation; perception

Seeing the numeral 3, for instance, may evoke a particular taste sensation in a condition called:

synesthesia

Malik glances at his doctor's scrawl on a handwritten prescription. He draws on his knowledge of common medications to distinguish among a's, o's, and u's. Malik's experience BEST illustrates:

top-down processing

Samantha opens her eyes in the morning to see flowers by her bedside. At that point, her eyes are receiving light energy, which they change into neural messages for the brain to process. This conversion of one form of energy into another is called:

transduction

The local fire department sounds an alarm. The conversion of the siren's sound waves into neural impulses exemplifies the process of:

transduction

Which figure BEST approximates the number of hair cells in the inner ear?

15,000

When two friends talk over lunch, the amplitude of their conversation is about _____ decibels. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

60

Damon, who is among the 8 percent of males with colorblindness, suffers from the most common form of color blindness. Which statement BEST illustrates Damon's experience of color?

Red apples on a tree seem to be the same color as the surrounding green leaves.

The process by which receptor cells detect stimuli is called:

Sensation

Perceptions can be influenced _____, by expectations, the context, emotions, and motivation.

Top-Down

In an experiment described in the textbook, bar patrons preferred the taste of vinegar-laced beer in a glass labeled "MIT brew" to the taste of identical beer served in an unlabeled glass. Taste preference is a(n) _____ variable in this study.

dependent

Lonnie is waiting for Brandon to arrive at a café for an afternoon coffee date. They have not been out together one-on-one yet; this is a prelude to a real first date in the evening and with dinner. Lonnie has made sure to order Brandon hot rather than iced coffee, and he's seated at a booth rather than a rickety chair or stool. These choices MOST likely reflect Brandon's knowledge of: Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

embodied cognition

Sandra is at a social gathering with a lot of good friends. She will likely feel that the temperature in the room is warmer than will her friend who is feeling excluded. This phenomenon is called:

embodied cognition

Several days ago, Ravi fell and hurt his ankle. Although it bothered him a little, he continued to walk on it. When he finally went to the doctor for X-rays, he found out he has a broken bone. It is likely that Ravi carries a gene that boosts the availability of: Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

endorphins

Juan and Joseph are opera singers. Juan is a baritone. Joseph is a tenor, so his voice is higher-pitched than Juan's voice. With respect to their physical properties, the sound waves corresponding to Juan's voice are lower in _____ than those corresponding to Joseph's voice.

frequency

The practice of acupuncture is based on the theory that one way to block pain messages is to create competing stimulation. This in turn is based on _____ theory.

gate-control

As Ted walks through a park, he hears the sound of a dog barking and is able to recognize the direction of the sound and if the dog is nearby. Ted is able to do this because:

he has two ears and the sound will first travel to the ear nearest to the sound

Mia is attracted to a man she is chatting with in a nightclub. What is probably happening to her eyes?

her pupils are dilating

As they are playing Ring Around the Rosie, some children are spinning around and around. When they stop they still feel as though they are spinning because their semicircular canals and _____ receptors have not returned to their neutral state.

kinesthetic

Talia is 45 years old. She has started to notice that newspaper print is too small for her to read. Talia needs reading glasses because the:

lenses of her eyes are less able to accommodate

Some birds can detect the ultraviolet radiation reflected from feathers of potential mates. As compared with humans, these birds can see _____ wavelengths.

lower

Relative size, interposition, relative motion, and relative height are examples of _____ cues to depth perspective.

monocular

There is _____ scientific evidence to support the existence of extrasensory perception (ESP).

no

Monte was born with cataracts. He had surgery when he was 30 years old, which restored his sight. After his surgery, he could: Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

not recognize objects by sight that were familiar to him by touch

Manny has volunteered to participate in an experiment studying vision. He has agreed to wear a pair of glasses that invert his vision. Due to _____, after about a week, he is able to perform his usual tasks, like riding a bike or reading a book.

perceptual adaptation

The fact that humans recognize objects as having a consistent form, regardless of how the viewing angle changes, illustrates:

perceptual constancy

Maura goes to a psychic who says she can read cards and tell her about her life. Maura wants to know when she will get married. She hopes this psychic has the ability of:

precognition

The cliché of the individual with extrasensory perceptual abilities bending a spoon with their mind illustrates the more specific phenomenon of:

psychokinesis

Retina is to _____ as _____ is to hair cell.

rod and cone; cochlea

Anna is reading her psychology textbook. The activation of receptors in her retina is called _____. Her interpretation of the stimuli as particular words is called _____.

sensation; perception

Carlos was just touched on his cheek, which is a(n) _____. In order for Carlos to know if he was kissed or slapped, Carlos needs a(n) _____.

sensation; perception

Marc is driving his 12-year-old car. He notices a sound coming from the engine, which involves _____ processing. He immediately starts thinking that the sound is similar to the sound his car made the last time he had it repaired, which involves _____ processing.

sensation; perception

Billy Bob works at the airport as a member of the ground crew. He typically takes off his hearing protection as he finds it cumbersome. Prolonged exposure to the roars of the jet engines will result in:

sensorineural hearing loss

The minute Beth walks into her mother-in-law's house to visit, she is struck by the strong smell of her mother-in-law's perfume. However, after about 10 minutes Beth no longer notices the smell. This is probably the result of: Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

sensory adaptation

When Juan puts on a hat in the morning, he notices it is there. As the day goes on, he forgets that he is wearing it. This demonstrates the process of:

sensory adaption

While playing golf James forgets that his sunglasses are on top of his head. As the day goes on, he forgets that he placed them there. This demonstrates the process of:

sensory adaption

Troy and Allan are in the mood to have a hamburger for lunch. Troy wants to grill the hamburger outside instead of cooking it on top of the stove because he says he likes the taste of a grilled hamburger more than one cooked on top of the stove. The difference in taste Troy prefers is actually caused by the smell of the charcoal embedded into the hamburger. This is an example of:

sensory interaction

Two TSA officers are scanning bags at the airport. One of the officers lets a bag go through, but the other officer yells, "Wait, didn't you see that?" Why one officer saw a weapon and the other did not is best explained by:

signal detection theory

_____ refers to the distance from the peak of one light wave to the peak of the next light wave.

wavelength

Why are children often repelled by the taste of novel meat dishes and bitter vegetables?

Novel or bitter foods were considered potentially toxic by our ancestors.

After some practice, Lori was able to read books while holding them upside down. This BEST illustrates _____.

perceptual adaptation