Ch. 62 & 63 Prep U Review

A nurse is preparing to discharge a client from the emergency department after receiving treatment for an ankle sprain. While providing discharge education, the nurse should encourage what action?

Keep an elastic compression bandage on the ankle.

__________, a metabolic bone disease, is a softening of bones generally caused by vitamin D deficiency.

osteomalacia

A nurse is assigned to support a patient while a cast is being applied to treat a greenstick fracture. The nurse documents that this fracture is classified as what type of fracture?

incomplete

A client is treated in the emergency department for acute muscle strain in the left leg caused by trying a new exercise. During discharge preparation, the nurse should provide which instruction?

"Apply ice packs for the first 24 to 48 hours, then apply heat packs."

A nurse is planning discharge instructions for the client with osteomyelitis. What instructions should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?

"You will receive IV antibiotics for 3 to 6 weeks."

Which medication directly inhibits osteoclasts, thereby reducing bone loss and increasing bone mass density (BMD)?

Calcitonin

The nurse intervenes to assist the client with fibromyalgia to cope with which symptoms?

Chronic fatigue, generalized muscle aching, and stiffness

An x-ray demonstrates a fracture in which a bone has splintered into several pieces. Which type of fracture is this?

Comminuted

Two days after application of a cast to treat a fractured femur, the client reports severe, deep, and constant pain in the leg. What will the nurse suspect?

Compartment syndrome

Which of the following is a term used to describe a soft tissue injury produced by a blunt force?

Contustion

Which group is at the greatest risk for osteoporosis?

European American women

Which term refers to a fracture in which one side of a bone is broken and the other side is bent?

Greenstick

The nurse notes that the client's left great toe deviates laterally. This finding would be recognized as which condition?

Hallux valgus

Which of the following was formerly called a bunion?

Hallux valgus

While riding a bicycle on a narrow road, the patient was hit from behind and thrown into a ditch, sustaining a pelvic fracture. What complications does the nurse know to monitor for that are common to pelvic fractures?

Hemorrhage and shock

A patient sustains an open fracture with extensive soft tissue damage. The nurse determines that this fracture would be classified as what grade?

III Open fractures are graded according to the following criteria: Grade I is a clean wound less than 1 cm long. Grade II is a larger wound without extensive soft tissue damage or avulsions. Grade III is highly contaminated and has extensive soft tissue damage. It may be accompanied by traumatic amputation and is the most severe.

Which nursing diagnosis takes highest priority for a client with a compound fracture?

Infection related to effects of trauma

A nurse is performing the health history and physical assessment of a client who has a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). What assessment finding is most consistent with the clinical presentation of RA?

Joint stiffness lasting longer than 1 hour, especially in the morning

Which of the following describes failure of the ends of a fractured bone to unite in normal alignment?

Nonunion

Localized rapid bone turnover, most commonly affecting the skull, femur, tibia, pelvic bones, and vertebrae, is characterized by which bone disorder?

Paget's disease

What nursing intervention should the nurse prioritize to facilitate healing in a client who has suffered a hip fracture?

Place a pillow between the client's legs when turning.

The nurse is performing discharge teaching for a client with rheumatoid arthritis. What teachings are priorities for the client? Select all that apply. Safe exercise Narcotic safety Medication dosages and side effects Dressing changes Assistive devices

Safe exercise Medication dosages and side effects Assistive devices

A nurse's assessment of a client's knee reveals edema, tenderness, muscle spasms, and ecchymosis. The client states that 2 days ago the client ran in a long-distance race and now it "really hurts to stand up." The nurse should plan care based on the belief that the client has experienced what injury?

a second-degree strain

__________ is a condition in which a structure such as a tendon or nerve is constricted in a confined space.

compartment syndrome

A client is being treated for hyperuricemia. Part of the treatment strategy is for the client to avoid contributing factors whenever possible. Which activities might bring on an acute attack?

eating organ meats and sardines

A nurse is performing a shift assessment on an elderly client who is recovering after surgery for a hip fracture. The client reports chest pain, has an increased heart rate, and increased respiratory rate. The nurse further notes that the client is febrile and hypoxic, coughing, and producing large amounts of thick, white sputum. The nurse recognizes that this is a medical emergency and calls for assistance, recognizing that this client is likely demonstrating symptoms of what complication?

fat embolism syndrome

_________ is a chronic syndrome of musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, mood disorders, and sleep disturbances.

fibromyalgia

Gout is characterized by __________ caused by alterations in uric acid production, excretion, or both

hyperuricemia

The nurse is monitoring a patient who sustained a fracture of the left hip. The nurse should be aware that which kind of shock can be a complication of this type of injury?

hypovolemic

A client has come to the orthopedic clinic for a follow-up appointment 6 weeks after fracturing his ankle. Diagnostic imaging reveals that bone union is not taking place. What factor may have contributed to this complication?

inadequate immobilizaiton

A fracture is considered pathologic when it

occurs through an area of diseased bone.

__________ is an infection of the bone.

osteomyelitis

What is a hallmark sign of compartment syndrome?

pain

Which term refers to an injury to ligaments and other soft tissues surrounding a joint?

sprain

A client who has injured a hip in a fall cannot place weight on the leg and is in significant pain. After radiographs indicate intact yet malpositioned bones, what repair would the physician perform?

joint manipulation and immobilization

A patient is suspected of having myositis. The nurse prepares the patient for what procedure that will confirm the diagnosis?

muscle biopsy