Ch. 71 PrepU

Which is the usual incubation period (from infection to first symptom) for AIDS?

10 years

The usual incubation period (from infection to first symptom) for hepatitis B is

45-160 days

A client is diagnosed with a methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. When developing the client's plan of care, the nurse would include which of the following?

Administration of prescribed vancomycin

Which is the most frequent cause of diarrheal disease in the United States?

Campylobacter infection

The nurse recognizes what groups of people are at an increased risk for infection?

Debilitated clients Older adults Clients with impaired skin

A client with suspected primary syphilis is to undergo diagnostic testing. Which of the following would the nurse expect to be done to confirm this diagnosis?

Direct identification in a specimen from the chancre lesion

A client in the emergency department is diagnosed with a communicable disease. When complications of the disease are discovered, the client is admitted to the hospital and placed in respiratory isolation. Which infection warrants airborne isolation?

Measles

Which can be used for rehydration therapy for diarrheal disorders?

Oral rehydration salts (ORS)

A nurse is caring for the following clients who have a history of genital herpes infection. Which client is most at risk for an outbreak of genital herpes?

A client who complains of genital pruritus and paresthesia

The nurse is providing education to a client who has a positive nontreponemal test (NTT). The client states, "If I've already had a positive test and I know I have syphilis, why do I need to have another test?" How should the nurse respond?

A second test can help confirm the diagnosis, because the NTT can give a false-positive

You are a school nurse teaching a health class about the chain of infection in the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). A student asks you which part of the chain of infection can be missing when transmission occurs. What would be your best answer?

All parts of the chain of infection have to be present for the disease to be passed to another human

A 28-year-old sexually active male presented to a clinic because he was concerned about a round, painless sore on the shaft of his penis that had appeared 2 days prior to his visit. The nurse practitioner recognized the lesion as a "chancre," an indicator of primary syphilis. The nurse should tell the patient:

An antibiotic injection is the best treatment since the lesion has just occurred

A client is diagnosed with Legionnaire's disease. The nurse anticipates which medication to be prescribed?

Azithromycin

The nurse is caring for a client with breast cancer who has been receiving chemotherapy. The client was admitted with an infected lesion on her left leg. The physician has ordered Neupogen. What will Neupogen do for this client?

Boost the immune system Increase white blood cell production

The nurse educator is teaching a group of nursing students about the physiologic manifestations of tertiary syphilis. The students respond correctly by stating which major organ systems are identified as the most affected by tertiary syphilis?

Cardiovascular and neurological

When preparing a teaching presentation regarding reproductive health in women, which points should the nurse include when discussing the prevention of bacterial vaginosis?

Choose clothing options that are loose around the genital area If you smoke, try to quit Keep the frequency of your sexual activity balanced Prevent unprotected sexual encounters

The following outcome appears on the plan of care for a client with genital herpes: "Client demonstrates knowledge about measures to reduce the risk of transmission and recurrences." Which of the following, if reported by the client, would support achievement of this outcome?

Consistently uses condoms with sexual activity

The nurse is caring for a patient with a meningococcus infection. What type of precautions should be used for this patient?

Droplet

A client is diagnosed with herpes simplex. Which statement about herpes simplex infection is true?

During early pregnancy, herpes simplex infection may cause spontaneous abortion or premature birth

The nurse is caring for a client who appears to have some type of sexually transmitted infection. The nurse will observe which signs or symptoms if the client has secondary stage syphilis?

Fever, lymph node enlargement, headache

A nurse is assessing a male client diagnosed with gonorrhea. Which symptom most likely prompted the client to seek medical attention?

Foul-smelling discharge from the penis

The nurse educator is discussing pathogens responsible for various sexually transmitted infections. When teaching about bacterial vaginosis (BV), the nurse educator is correct when stating the overgrowth of which bacteria is responsible for this infection?

Gardnerella vaginalis

A nurse is assessing a client with diarrheal disease and determines that the condition has most likely resulted from a parasitic infection. Which of the following would be a potential cause?

Giardia Cryptosporidium

A patient is admitted with severe dehydration related to diarrhea. The patient was hiking in the mountains during a camping trip and drank water from a mountain stream without purifying. What does the nurse know is the most likely cause of this diarrhea?

Giardia lamblia

Which of the following sexually transmitted infections (STIs) could be transmitted perinatally?

Herpes simplex

A group of students are reviewing class material on sexually transmitted infections in preparation for a test. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which of the following as the cause of condylomata?

Human papilloma virus (HPV)

A nurse is assessing a woman with vaginal discharge. The nurse suspects bacterial vaginosis when the client states which of the following?

I noticed a strange fishy odor during my period

The nurse is caring for a female client who has been diagnosed with Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The nurse is aware that if this client had not received treatment, what other serious issues could have resulted from this disease?

Increased risk of HIV infection Infection and scarring of the Fallopian tubes Eye infection in an infant born to a woman with this disease

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with a chlamydia infection. The nurse teaches the client about disease transmission and advises the client to inform sexual partners of the infection. The client refuses, stating, "This is my business and I'm not telling anyone. Beside, chlamydia doesn't cause any harm like the other STIs." How should the nurse proceed?

Inform the health department that this client contracted a chlamydia infection Educate the client about why it's important to inform sexual contacts so they can receive treatment

A patient presents with vulvar itching and diffuse green vaginal discharge. Upon evaluation, she is prescribed metronidazole (Flagyl). What is the paramount nursing intervention in discharge planning?

Instruct the patient not to drink alcohol with this treatment

A patient has developed chickenpox and asks the nurse what the incubation period would be. What should the nurse inform the patient?

It is 10-21 days

The clinical manifestations of primary syphilis can be diagnostic. Select all the symptoms consistent with this diagnosis.

It occurs 2-3 weeks after initial inoculation with the organism A painless lesion forms at the site of infection The lesion resolves in 2 months

Which term describes the time interval after primary infection when a microorganism lives within the host without producing clinical evidence?

Latency

The nurse educator identifies the student understands the function of normal flora in the human body when the student makes which statement?

Normal flora compete with potential pathogens and work symbiotically with the host

The nurse is seeing a client in the community health clinic who reports finding "sores" in the mouth. On assessment, the nurse notes the lesions appear flat, flesh colored and papillary. What should the nurse do next?

Obtain a health history that includes inquiring about sexual health practices

A nurse practitioner is treating a client with early latent syphilis of less than 1 year's duration. The nurse told the client about the need to receive penicillin G benzathine injections according to the following protocol:

One injection

When assessing a client with suspected pertussis, which of the following would the nurse most likely find?

Paroxysmal cough

A client in the clinic is diagnosed with diarrhea caused by a Campylobacter species. Which instruction should the nurse provide to prevent further episodes?

Properly store and cook meat

After discussing the vaccine available for human papillomavirus with the mother of a 12-year-old female client, the mother agrees to have her daughter immunized. It is July when the nurse administers the first dose. The nurse would instruct the mother to bring the girl in for her second dose at which time?

September (2 months for second immunization, third dose is 6 months after the first dose)

To confirm a diagnosis of syphilis, the nurse would identify the gram-negative bacteria, Treponema palladium, on the laboratory report. The nurse knows that this bacteria is classified among:

Spirochetes

During flu season, a nurse is teaching clients about the chain of infection. What components are considered "links" in this chain?

Susceptible host Portal of entry Infectious agen

An instructor is teaching a group of students about the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and those that must be reported by law. The instructor determines that the students have understood the information when they state that which STI must be reported?

Syphilis

Which statements reflects the nursing management of the client with West Nile virus infection?

There is no treatment for West Nile virus infection

A client is diagnosed with shigellosis. The nurse teaches the client and family how the disease is transmitted and treated and discusses the need for enteric precautions. The nurse should explain that enteric precautions must be maintained:

Until three fecal cultures are negative for Shigella

The nurse is seeing a client for a follow up appointment in the sexual health clinic. The nurse recognizes the client continues to have a knowledge deficit regarding safe sexual practices when the client makes which statement?

Using oil to lubricate the condom has helped to increase comfort for me during sexual intercourse

The nurse is scheduled to administer tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (Tdap) vaccine to a client at the clinic. The client states, "I had a reaction the last time I got an immunization." What action should the nurse take first?

Withhold the immunization

Which of the following nursing instructions is most important for the nurse to emphasize to the client with a new HSV-2 diagnosis?

You must inform all sexual partners

A client with gastroenteritis is admitted to an acute care facility and presents with severe dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Diagnostic tests reveal the Norwalk virus as the cause of gastroenteritis. Based on this information, the nurse knows that:

enteric precautions must be continued

A nurse practitioner was preparing a health education program for freshmen college students. During orientation week, the nurse mentioned that C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae are the two most common infections in sexually active young women under the age of 25. The nurse told the students that the most common finding for these infections is:

mucopurulent cervicitis

The nurse is reviewing the medical records of several patients who have been diagnosed with the following infections: Patient A: Mumps PatientB: Respiratory syncytial virus Patient C: Tuberculosis Patient D: Impetigo Patient E: Scabies The nurse would implement contact precautions for which patients?

Patients B, D, E

A nurse would implement droplet precautions for a client with which condition?

Pertussis, Mumps, Parvovirus B 19

The nurse educator is planning a health promotion class with a focus on sexually transmitted infections. What points regarding risk factors for chlamydia and gonorrhea should the nurse educator include?

Your chances of contracting these infections are higher the more sexual partners you have Young adults and teenagers are a high risk age group for both these infections

The nurse is discussing information regarding the human papilloma viral (HPV) infection. Which statement, made by the client, requires clarification?

HPV is spread during sexual intercourse

The nurse is seeing a female client in a community health clinic who reports having dyspareunia and pelvic tenderness after her menstrual period. The client also reports she experiences pain when she has a bowel movement. What question should the nurse include when obtaining the client's health history?

Have you ever been assessed for gonorrhea and chlamydia in the past?