CH1 INSY 5357

Different views / categories

- Process - Material type - Organizational element

Functional structure

- divided into functions/departments that are assigned closely related activities - served for a long time to afce challenges with rapid growth - drawback - silo effect, people in dif departments perform their processes in isolation from dif. areas, w/o understanding what happens before or after. - Challenge between silo effect and cross functional nature of processes are at odds. And creates problems with coordinating activities.

Fulfillment

- order to cash - Involves all the steps that involve selling and delivering the product - triggered by customer purchase order received by sales dept, sales validates and creates a sales order, warehouse then prepare the shipment and sends it to customer, then acct creates and sends invoice and then acct receives payment.

Raw material ROH

- purchased from external source - used in production process - material master will not contain data on fulfillment porb.

business process

- set of tasks/activities that produce certain outcomes. - Triggered by events (customer order or need to increase inventory) - comprised of steps done by different functional areas (like sales, warehouse, accounting) - outcome successfully fulfill a customer order > validating order, preparing and shipping, issuing invoice and recording payment. - Interdependent

Integrated enterprise systems

- support end to end processes - essential to execute and manage different processes efficiently and effectively. - activities also need to considered and coordinated for all the employees all over the world

Data

In the ERP world is used to represent the physical world in which process steps (like creating a purchase order and receiving goods) are carried out.

Benefit of integrating ES

Removes barriers between functional areas so that it can freely share and access information

Inventory and warehouse management

Stores and tracks the materials. so that material can be located and moved quickly.

Income statement

changes in financial position over a poeriod of time. Revenues, costs, profits/loss

General data

common data name, acct num, address

Customer master data

data needed to do business and do transaction with customers realted to fulfillment process. general, accounting, and sales

Master data

define the entities used in bus processes. defined before used. static. ex. Material, customer, vendor

Material master record

define the goods and services the org uses, makes, and sells. each processes use material dif. - requires large amount of data

Management accoutning

focus on internal reporting to mana cost/rev

Finished good FERT

gen not purchased. usually data related to prod and fulfillment.

vendor master

includes data needed to conduct bus with a vendor and transactions general - client level, name, common to purch/acct dept acct - tax related, acct payable, specific to comp code purch - determining prices, verifying invoices, etc. purchasing org level

Key business processes in an org

most common processes involve creating and delivering products/services buy - make - sell procurement - production - fulfillment

Human capital management

numerous processes that relate to managing ppl. recruitment, hiring, training, payroll administration.

Production

plan to produce / manufacturing - involves actual creation of the product - triggered by customer or material planning process - warehouse notices Inventory product is low, production is requested and approved by production, warehoues issues the raw material, production creates product, and warehouse receive finished goods

Trading goods HAWA

purchased from vendor, sold w/o additional proccessing

cash flows

recieved all cash pay and reciepts

Semi-Finished HALB

related to production usually. typically not purch or sold.

program and project mana

temporary in nature for large complex activities (like building an aircraft)

Procurement

requisition to pay - refers to activities relating to buying/acquiring the material the bus uses. Raw material to make products > 5 steps in 3 functional areas >> 1. Recognize need to procure materials (maybe low materials_). Warehouse documents the need and sends to purchasing. 2. Purchasing - creates and sends purchase order to vendor 3. Vendor ships material and received by acct 4. Acct verifies prod ordered was recieved/matches invoice and then sends payment to vendor.

Balance sheet

snapshot of bus at a certain point in time, identifies assets, liability and equity

sales area data

specific to sales area cust belongs to realte to sales, shipping, billing ex. sales office, currency, provide delivery plan, billing terms, tax related data

Lifecycle data management

supports the design and development of products from the intial product idea til when the prod is no longer produced.

Accounting data

used by acct recievanle specific to comp code include payment term, sub ledger acct

Asset mana/cust serv

to maintain internal assets and to deliver after sales cust services. TO prevent and correct problems.

Financial accounting

tracks fin impacts of the process steps with the goal of meeting external goals

Organization data

used to rep the structure of an enterprise (companies, warehouses, etc.) - client -- highest org level, rep an enterprise (which consists of mayn compnaies) - Company code -- Each company within an enterprise is rep with a comp code. Each company code rep a seperate legal entity. Client can have many company codes, but company code in only belong to 1 client. - plant -- org element that perf multiple functions, can be factory, warehouse, a service building, part of building or collection of building.

Material Planning

uses historical data and sales forecast, to plan which materials the comp will procure and produce. when are what quantity. material refers to all products and components that the org uses. finished goods, semi finished goods, and raw materials. purpose to match supply of material to demand.