Ch.10 SMARTBOOK

innovation strategy

A plan for being innovative that requires a company to integrate its innovation activities and business strategies is a(n) ______.

innovation system

A set of interdependent processes and structures that dictate how a company seeks out problems and solutions, synthesizes ideas into a business concept and product design, and chooses projects for funding is a(n) ______.

innovative

A technical support call center recently decided to extend its hours of operations to include weekends, requiring employees to work different shifts to accommodate the schedule. This change would likely be characterized as ______ change.

senior leaders

Although commitment from all members of an organization is important, if ______ in particular are not committed to achievement of the organization's innovation goals, the goals are unlikely to be achieved.

an accepted part of

An innovative culture is a place where failures are ______ the organization's culture.

is resulting in a loss of status

Andre's company is restructuring, and he is unhappy about it. As a result of the restructuring, Andre will be managing four employees instead of nine. He is most likely resistant to the change because it ______.

technology

Any machine or process that enables an organization to gain a competitive advantage in changing materials used to produce a finished product qualifies as ______.

fostering an innovative culture and climate

At Hudson Food Company, managers permit experimentation, risk taking, and tolerate failure. Which step of supporting innovation does this represent?

shareholders

B-corporations (benefit corporations) are an example of one way ___________ have begun to be more active in pressing for organizational change.

market changes

Demand for organic foods has increased dramatically as Americans become aware of the effects of pesticides and other harmful chemicals in food. This exemplifies which force for change outside the organization?

changing

During which phase of Lewin's model of change is it most important for managers to act as role models and mentors and provide benchmarking results?

refreezing

During which stage of Lewin's change model should managers encourage employees to exhibit the new behaviors and then reinforce employees making the desired change?

it is a suprise

Employees are more likely to resist change if ______.

reinforce

For organizational development efforts to succeed, human resource policies, procedures, and packages should ______ the other six parts of the innovation system.

-How employees regard the consequences of the change -How much top managers support the change -How capable employees are of handling the change

How ready an organization is for change depends in part on which of the following?

resist

If employees feel fairly treated by their managers during an organizational change, they are less likely to _______ the change.

being open and honest about changes

Managers can reduce mistrust and resistance to change by ______.

diagnose problems

Managers use the four levers of targeting elements of change to ______.

technological avdancements

Manufacturing automation and office automation are examples of ______ that are forces for change outside the organization.

peer pressure

Min's company is implementing a new product approval system that is far more complex and restrictive than the old system. This will not affect Min directly because she is in the marketing department, but it will affect her friend Tyler, who is in the Research and Design department. As a result, Min speaks out against the new system. This is an example of resistance to change due to ______.

creates a ripple effect through an organization

One assumption of a systems approach to change is that change ______.

- fostering innovation - opening communication - dealing with stress

Organizational development (OD) can help organizations to revitalize themselves by assisting them with:

conflict

Organizational development can be used to manage ______ within an organization.

how they were taught to handle change as children

People's reaction to change depends largely on ______.

process

Rather than worry about introducing a new sports recovery product, Gabriel told his staff that they should repackage the existing products and promote them to professional basketball teams throughout the country. Gabriel is demonstrating ______ innovation.

gentleness with yourself

Self-compassion is best described as ______.

Successful organization development usually involves multiple interventions.

Successful organization development usually involves multiple interventions.

tameka has used tact

Tameka's company is introducing a new invoicing and billing system. As Tameka is presenting the new system to the accounting team, she is careful to explain why the changes are important. By the time she is done, the accounting team has shown their acceptance of the new procedures. This is likely because ______.

readiness for change

The beliefs, attitudes, and intentions of an organization's staff regarding the extent of the changes needed and how willing and able they are to implement them is called ______.

development

The common term used to describe the techniques for implementing planned change to make people and companies more effective is called organizational ______.

innovative change

The introduction of a practice that is new to a group or organization and involves moderate complexity and cost is called a(n) ______.

change agent

The person who is a catalyst in helping an organization change is the ______.

human

The productive potential of a company's employees' knowledge, experience, and actions is known as its ______ capital.

intervention

The second step in the organizational development process, ______, is the attempt to correct the diagnosed problems.

evaluation

The third step in the organization development process is ______.

- cross-functional communication - collaboration - agility

To promote innovation, organizational structure and internal process should foster ______.

celebrates failure as vital toward fostering innovation

Tom's company is very successful, even though they expect most new ideas to fail. This is likely due to an organizational culture that ______.

false

True or false: Management support has little effect on the success of organizational development.

true

True or false: Multiple organizational development interventions have been found to work better than single interventions.

false

True or false: Organizational development is used to hire new executives.

- people - organizational aggrangments - methods - social factors

What are the four target elements of change?

- outputs - inputs - target elements of change

What are the three parts of a systems model of change?

- change agent characterisitics - employee characteristics

What are two factors that contribute to resistance to change?

The diagnosis and intervention are further refined if the problem was not solved.

What happens during the last step of the organizational development process?

personality conflicts

What is a common cause of employee resistance to change?

- management is encouraged to dedicate resources to innovation - employees feel committed to innovation in the organization

What is achieved by integration of innovation activities into business strategies?

changes that are introduced in an insensitive manner

What is likely to result in employee resistance to change?

Identifying the thrusters and counterthrusters

What is the first step in force-field analysis?

organic

What type of structure is best suited to innovation?

process

When a company alters the way a product is manufactured, conceived, or distributed it is referred to as ______ innovation.

when it is supported by top managers

When is organizational development most likely to succeed?

managing conflict

Which is a purpose of organizational development?

reintroduction of a practice familiar to the organization

Which of the following is an adaptive change in an organization?

unfreezing

creating the motivation to change

demographic characteristics

factors such as the increasing number of women in the workforce and the growing number of older workers exemplify which force for change outside the organization

supertrends

increasing segmentation of the marketplace and. the need to get products to market faster in. light of competitors' specialized solutions are examples of ________. currently influecning the future of business

novel

innovations must be _____

disruptive innovation

introduction of the DVD-by-mail business modeel by Netflix changed the video rental business and caused the demise of Blockbuster Video. Example of __________

education

is a demographic characteristic that is a force for change outside the organization

adaptive change

makes employees feel the least threatened

responds to problems or opportunitites as they arise

reactive change is change that ________

disruptive innovation

the process through which a product or service takes root initially in simple applications at the bottom of a market and then moves up, eventually displacing established companies, is referred to as ___________

- changing - refreezing - unfreezing

three stages of the Lewin model for change

using more narrowly targeted marketing messages

what are companies doing to respond effectively to increasing segmentation of the marketplace

1. the marketplace is becoming more seegmented 2. competitors offering specialized solutions require us to get our products to market faster 3. some companies are unable to survive disruptive innovation 4. offshore suppliers are changing the way we work 5. knowledge, not information, is becoming the new competitive advantage - competitve advantage is coming increasingly from knowledge, not information - the way we work is being impacted by offshore suppliers

what are supertrends that are currently affecting the future business

segmenting customer groups into smaller, more specialized groups

which of the following BEST describes "demassification"

competitors may be in and out of the market within days

which statement about the need for faster speed-to-market is true

Certain employee characteristics, such as intrinsic motivation and creativity, are positively associated with innovation.

which statement about. human capital and innovation is true.