Ch.13: Introduction: Understanding Psychological Disorders

Psychological mental

A _________ disorder or _________ disorder refers to a pattern of behavioral and psychological symptoms that causes significant personal distress, impairs the ability to function in one or more important areas of life or both.

Adjustment limiting

A number of common mental illnesses, like _________ disorders and brief episodes of depression, are usually mild and self-_________. Many people experience these kinds of disorders at some time in their lives.

Social cultural

An important qualification for a psychological disorder is that the pattern of behavioral or psychological symptoms must represent a serious departure from prevailing _________ and _________ norms.

14

Any disorders occur at the median onset age of _________ years.

Communication interaction

Autism Spectrum Disorder: Onset of symptoms prior to age 3. Characterized by: 1) Deficits in social _________ and social _________ and 2) Restricted, repetitive behaviors, interests, and activities.

Impulse control conduct

Disruptive, _________-_________, and _________ disorders refer to a varied group of disorders involving problems in the self-control of emotions and behaviors and that are manifested in behaviors that harm or violate the rights of others.

Personal

Gambling disorder: Persistent gambling that disrupts _________, family, and/or vocational pursuits.

APA

The DSM-5 is the book published by the _________ that describes the specific symptoms and diagnostic guidelines for different psychological disorders.

Diagnostic statistical

The DSM-5 or _________ and _________ Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition.

Code frequency risk

The DSM-5 provides a _____ for each disorder and includes the symptoms, the criteria that must be met to make a diagnosis, and the _________, typical course, and _________ factors for each disorder.

Comorbidity

The NCS-R and other surveys like it also reveal a high degree of _________, which means that people diagnosed with one disorder are also frequently diagnosed with another disorder as well.

1 4

The NCS-R found that _________ out of the _________ respondents reported experiencing the symptoms of a psychological disorder during the previous year.

Depressive bipolar

_________ and _________ disorders occur at the median onset age of 30 years.

Illness

_________ anxiety disorder: Excessive preoccupation with one's health and worry about illness despite the absence of serious physical symptoms.

Anxiety impulse 11

_________ disorders and _________ control disorders tend to begin at a much earlier age -around age _________—as compared to substance abuse disorders or mood disorders.

Neurodevelopmental

_________ disorders influence a wife range of developmental, behavioral, learning, and communication disorders that are usually first diagnosed in infancy, childhood, or adolescence.

Psychopathology

_________ refers to the scientific study of the origins, symptoms, and development of psychological disorders.

Somatic

_________ symptom and related disorders are characterized by persistent, reoccurring complaints of bodily symptoms that are accompanied by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in response to these symptoms.

Somatic

_________ symptom disorder: Characterized by excessive worry or distress that is out of proportion to the seriousness of physical symptoms that are present.

Impulse control

_________-_________ disorders occur at the median onset age of 11 years.

Pyromania

_________: Deliberately setting fires on more than one occasion, accompanied by pleasure, gratification, or relief of tension.

Kleptomania

_________: The recurrent failure to resist impulses to steal items that are not needed for personal use or for their monetary value.

Ineffective effective

Because the symptoms of many psychological disorders, especially those involving mild to moderate symptoms, diminish with the simple passage of time or with improvements in the person's overall situation, _________ coping strategies may appear _________.

International Classification Diseases

DSM-5 also increasingly matches the disorders outline in a similar manual utilized internationally, the World Health Organization's _________ _________ of _________.

260 child educational

DSM-5 describes more than _________ specific psychological disorders, plus numerous conditions, like _________ physical abuse and _________ problems.

Labeling diagnosing

DSM-5 provides mental health professionals with both a common language for _________ disorders and comprehensive guidelines for _________ them.

Psychiatrists clinical

DSM-5 represents the consensus of hundreds of mental health professionals, mostly _________ and _________ psychologists, representing many different organizations and perspectives.

Degree

In many instances, the difference between normal and abnormal behavior is a matter of _________.

National Comorbidity

Just how common are psychological disorders? To investigate that questions, research Ronald C. Kessler and his colleagues conducted a nationally representative survey of more than 9,000 Americans, ages 18 and older, called the _________ _________ Survey Replication (NCS-R)

1 2

Like the original survey, the NCS-R found that almost _________ out of every _________ adults had experienced the symptoms of a psychological disorder at some point thus far in their lives.

Violent not

Mental Illness and the media: The vast majority of ______ crimes, even heinous ones, are committed by people who (Are or not?) mentally ill.

coping

On the other hand, it also seems clear that most people manage to weather psychological symptoms without becoming completely debilitated and needing professional intervention. One explanation for this is that people use a variety of _________ strategies -some more effective than others -to manage psychological symptoms.

substance abuse

Recent meta-analytic research reviews have confirmed the general finding that _________ _________ greatly increases the risk of violent behavior by people who have been diagnosed with a severe mental illness such as schizophrenia.

Insurance income developing rural

Several factors contribute to the unmet need for psychological treatment, including lack of _________, low _________, and lack of access to mental health care, such as in _________ countries or _________ areas of developed countries.

Social occupational interpersonal withdrawal

Substance use disorder: Recurrent substance use that involves impaired control, disruption of _________, _________, and _________ functioning, and the development of craving, tolerance, and _________ symptoms.

20

Substance use disorders occur at the median onset age of _________ years.

Social cultural

The dividing line between normal and abnormal is also often determined by the _________ or _________ context in which a particular behavior occurs.

1 3

The lifetime rate of mental illness is about _________/_________rd with rates varying across countries.

18 motor

Tourette's Disorder: Onset prior to the age of (18 or 8?). Characterized by _________ tics.