ch.3 newborn and infant growth and development

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An infant should be able to perform a pincer grasp by _____

10 months

The infant should be able to move from prone to sitting position by ____

10 months

newborns lose ___% of body weight during the first week of life, then gain about 30g per day and regain their birth weight by 10-14 days of age

10%

An infant should be able to remove objects from a container by ___

11 months

An infant should be able to walk with assistance by ___

11 months

An infant should be able to walk alone by ___

12 months

By ____ months, an infant should be able to say 2-3 words WITH meaning

12 months

If a baby is formula fed, you should continue to give formula until ___

12 months (NO COW'S MILK)

The anterior fontanel closes at ____ The posterior fontanel closes at _____

12-18 months 2-3 months

normal pulse rate newborn:

120-140

An infant should be able to build a tower of 4 blocks by ____

18 months

Head lagging should begin to subside by ____

2 months

an child should be able to build a tower of 6-7 blocks by ___

2 years

The ability to grasp objects begins by _____

2-3 months

average length of newborn:

20 inches.

RR 12 month old:

20-30

a child should be able to build a tower of 9-10 blocks by ___

3 years

what age can a child ride a tricycle?

3 years

RR newborn:

30-60

the infant should be able to roll over from back to belly by ____

4 months

An infant doubles their birth weight by ____ and triples their birth weight by _____

4 months 1 year

at what age does the infant make simple vowel sounds, laughs aloud, and "makes raspberries"?

4-5 months

No infant/child should have more than _____ oz. of juice a day

4-6

The infant should be able to roll over from belly to back and back to belly again by ____

5 months

by 12 months of age, the infant's length increases by ________%

50%

Juice should not be given to an infant until ____

6 months

when does squealing and yelling begin?

6 months

What is the normal age for crawling (commando crawling with belly on the floor)?

6-7 months

An infant should have _____ to _____ teeth by the end of the first year

6-8

when do teeth begin to emerge?

6-8 months

What is a normal BP for an newborn? 12 month old?

60/40: newborn 100/50: 12 mos

An infant should be able to transfer objects by ____

7 months

An infant should have developed object permanence by age ____

7 months

The infant should be able to sit by ___

7 months

at what age does babbling begin to progress to strings of "mamamama" or "dadadada"?

7-10. no meaning

An infant doesn't have fully develops depth perception until 2-3 years, but they begin to develop it around ____ , when the _______ reflex is initiated.

7-9 months parachute

An infant can sit unsupported by ____

8 months

Stranger anxiety is common around ___

8 months

What is the normal creeping age (crawling without belly on floor)?

9 months

Words begin to hold meaning by ___

9-12. "mama" and "dada" have meaning now

When can baby food be introduced?

After 6 months

Why does an infant drool?

Because they are unable to keep up with the saliva production by swallowing

Why is an infant only breastfed/bottle fed?

Because they lack the enzymes to digest food until 4-6 months old

What toy is best for a 6 month old? Why?

Blocks They are interactive

What should be the first food introduced around 4-6 months?

Iron fortified rice cereal. it's easily digested and the taste is well accepted.

What are pros of a pacifier?

It calms the child It can be taken away when the time is right It can decrease the risk for SIDS

Does teething normally cause fever, diarrhea, or vomiting?

NO, the child is sick

Infants do not need foot wear until ____

They are walking

If an infant does not develop trust within the first few months of life, what will happen?

They will grow up with a basic sense of mistrust

For the first 6 months, infants lack the ability to concentrate urine. What does this mean?

They will urinate frequently, and the specific gravity will be very low

Why should only one new food be introduced per week?

To evaluate the child's allergy response to that food

How should a parent clean their infant's teeth?

Wash the teeth with a cool wet washcloth

Is an infant's hearing as developed as an adult?

YES

Is it normal for an infant to sometimes have an irregular heartrate?

YES

Should you always put the baby to bed awake?

YES

If a child is still experiencing head lag by 6 months what should be done?

a neurological assessment

maturation

an increase in functionality of various body systems or developmental skills

Reactive attachment disorder develops due to ____

an infant never developing a basic sense of trust, and are unable to attach to a specific person (manipulating everyone to get needs met)

when should weaning from the bottle occur?

at 12-15 months. AAP recommends BREASTFEEDING for 12 months, and then for as long as mutually agreeable for mother and child - extending into toddlerhood is beneficial.

When should fluoride treatments begin?

at 6 months, when the primary teeth erupt

An infant should have the ability to open their hands (not stay tight fisted) by -

at least 5 months

What type of breather is an infant?

belly breather

What should be the only form of nutrition for the first 6 months of life?

breast milk (with vitamin D fortification) or formula

What can cause a diaper rash?

change in diet not changing a dirty diaper

The first form of communication an infant uses is

crying, cooing

In the first 3-4 months, what is the most important social activity for an infant?

food intake

An infant not pulling up to stand by 12 months is a sign of ____

hip dysplasia

Separation anxiety develop around ___

last few months of infancy

encouraging iron intake:

limit milk intake to 16oz/day encourage parents to provide iron-fortified cereals and other foods rich in iron/vitamin C

What is the last food type you should introduce to an infant?

meat

What are some treatments for a diaper rash?

mild soaps/unscented wipes dry the baby's bottom before putting a new diaper back on use barrier creams (zinc oxide) change diaper frequently keep a diaper rash exposed to air (keep a diaper off when you can)

protective reflexes:

neck righting and parachute reactions.

How can you prevent dental carries in an infant?

not propping bottles not laying an infant down with a bottle not putting juice in a bottle

What are some foods that should NOT be given to a child under the age of 1?

peanut butter honey wheat products cows milk eggs citrus

An infant from 1-4 months is considered to be in the ___ stage of the sensorimotor phase?

primary circular reactions (Doing/liking the same thing over and over)

At 7 months, an infant will interact by?

reach out / grasping

An infant from birth to 1 month is considered to be in the ____ stage of the sensorimotor phase?

reflex stage

An infant from 4-8 months is considered to be in the ___ stage of the sensorimotor phase?

secondary circular reactions (They realize certain actions illicit a certain response)

What is an infant's cognitive development phase?

sensorimotor

growth

simply an increase in physical size

What type of play do infants experience?

solitary play

development

the sequential process by which infants and children gain various skills and functions

assessing infant readiness for solid foods:

tongue extrusion reflex (important for sucking/natural reflex for bottle or breastfeeding) disappearing at 4-6 months.

What is the Erikson's stage for an infant?

trust vs mistrust

normal pulse rate 12 month old:

~100


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