CH.8 CONNECT H.W.

Which of the following account for the rise of interest groups in the twentieth century?

Government regulation of business and the environment exploded. New Deal programs produced groups of people with stakes in federal policies. World War II ushered in increased specialization and professionalization in the workforce.

The conviction of which superlobbyist initiated a wave of lobbying reform legislation?

Jack Abramoff

What valuable resource do members of Congress receive from lobbyists in addition to campaign funds?

Lobbyists supply reliable research and information on important policy issues.

Critics of the revolving door between government and interest group employment make what primary argument?

Major ethical concerns exist when former federal officials leave to lobby for a group they helped regulate.

are organized financial arms of interest groups that collect and distribute money to candidates for elective office.

PAC's

What was the result of the Supreme Court ruling in Buckley v. Valeo (1976) that upheld limits on individual and PAC contributions?

The number of PACs increased dramatically.

Which of the following is NOT permissible, according to federal regulation of super PACs?

a candidate coordinating with super PACs on election advertising

What is a super PAC?

an independent-expenditure-only committee

Which type of interest group is not classified as a business interest group?

consumers

Which is a common reason people might cite as a key motivator for joining an interest group?

decision makers being more likely to listen to their concerns

Lobbying elected officials includes which of the following activities?

face-to-face- meetings with congress

True or false: By definition, lobbying must include a face-to-face interaction.

false

True or false: Issue networks tend to be more permanent than iron triangles.

false

Which form of campaign support do members of Congress expect to receive from lobbyists?

financial contributions

Which of the following are influential tactics interest groups use?

grassroots mobilization campaign financing lobbying

Which characteristics of an interest group may turn off potential members even when they agree with the proposals being put forth?

having to agree on a uniform set of proposals recurrent and diverse time commitments organizing meetings and follow through efforts

A formally organized group that seeks to influence government decision making or policy making is referred to as a(n)______ group

interest

An iron triangle is a decision-making process dominated by which of the following?

interest groups congressional committees executive agencies

Decision-making structures consisting of policy experts such as lobbyists, members of Congress, bureaucrats, and policy specialists are called______networks

issue

Interest group membership affords members ______ strength.

political

What is the primary purpose of the Office of Legislative Affairs in the White House?

securing support for legislation the president deems important

An interest group's overall plan for achieving its goal is a ______; while a ______ is the action they undertake.

strategy; tactic

Which of the following resulted from the ruling in Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission?

the creation of super PACs the ability of groups and individuals to give unlimited sums of money to independent committees

Which of the following is most responsible for the increase in lobbying of the executive branch?

the increase in federal regulation

One reason for the growth in Americans' interest groups is that....

the organizing strength of political parties began to decline.

The U.S. Chamber of Commerce represents thousands of small and medium-sized businesses throughout the country and is best described as a........

trade association.