Ch.8 (FINAL)

___________ theory states that prison disorder results from unstable, divided, or otherwise weak management. a. Administrative control b. Officer balance c. Prisoner control d. Inmate balance

Administrative control

______________ power stresses the application or threat of physical force in order to gain compliance. a. Normative b. Coercive c. Formal d. Remunerative

Coercive

What category of personnel comprises the majority of an institution's employees? a. program b. custodial c. professional d. support

Custodial

According to the textbook, which of the following is NOT one of the missions of imprisonment? a. keep them safe b. keep them in line c. keep them busy d. keep them isolated

D

A correctional officer is an example of staff personnel

False

Because state prisons are filled with predatory, violent offenders who are deprived of heterosexual relationships, sexual violence happens with great regularity

False

The organizational structure of correctional institutions has changed very little over time

False

Use of force is the most effective way for officers to get prisoners to comply with prison rules and regulations

False

Which of the following is NOT one of the measures suggested to reduce violence in prison? a. Augment the punishment system to increase the pains of imprisonment. b. Improve classification so that violence-prone inmates are separated from the general population. c. For inmates fearful of being victimized, create opportunities to seek assistance. d. Redesign facilities so that all areas can be put under surveillance; there should be no "blind spots."

For inmates fearful of being victimized, create opportunities to seek assistance.

A structure established for the purpose of influencing behavior in order to achieve particular ends is known as a(n) organization. a. closed b. formal c. self-contained d. informal

Formal

_________ are directly concerned with furthering the institution's goals. They have direct contact with the prisoners; such personnel include the custody force, industry and agricultural supervisors, counselors, and medical technicians. a. Professional staff b. Line personnel c. Prison consultants d. Administrative staff

Line personnel

Which of the following terms is BEST described as the ability to obtain compliance by manipulating symbolic rewards? a. normative power b. coercive power c. formal power d. remunerative power

Normative power

Which of the following is NOT one of the major sources of prison violence? a. prisoner-prisoner b. prisoner-officer c. officer-prisoner d. officer-officer

Officer-officer

Which of the following is NOT one of the principles that help explain how prisons function? a. unity of command b. chain of command c. span of control d. referral of control

Referral of control

_____________ power is a way of gaining compliance in exchange for material resources. a. Normative b. Coercive c. Formal d. Remunerative

Remunerative

Correctional officers often rely on _______ and ________ to gain cooperation. a. promises; fear b. confinement; force c. rewards; punishments d. fear; confinement

Rewards; punishments

__________ is a management principle holding that a supervisor can effectively oversee only a limited number of subordinates. a. Unity of command b. Span of control c. Chain of command d. Hierarchical command

Span of control

In most institutions, the custodial force has graded ranks similar to: a. the military b. the private sector c. hospital management d. academic institutions

The military

Serious violations can earn prisoners a "_________," a disciplinary report forwarded to a higher authority for action. a. reprimand b. warning c. ticket d. receipt

Ticket

Correctional administrators who successfully govern their institutions do not rely on inmate leadership to control the population, but rather apply sound management principles to prison operations

True

Correctional institutions are more humanely administered today than they were forty years ago

True

In the prison setting, line personnel have direct contact with the inmates

True

Obedience to an order or request is known as compliance

True

___________ is a management principle holding that a subordinate should report to only one supervisor. a. Unity of command b. Span of control c. Chain of command d. Hierarchical command

Unity of command

The "hole" is a nickname for which of the following? a. administrative segregation b. protective custody c. minimum security d. recreation

administrative segregation

Aside from physical injury, an attack by an inmate on an officer can later compromise an officer's _____________. a. reliability b. integrity c. authority d. power

authority security

______________ refers to a series of organizational positions in order of authority, with each person receiving orders from the immediately above and issuing orders to the one immediately below. a. Unity of command b. Span of control c. Chain of command d. Hierarchical command

chain of command

According to the text, the most severe sanction that can be handed out by a disciplinary committee is the _________. a. revocation of accumulated good time. b. confinement in administrative segregation. c. addition of more prison time. d. revocation of parole.

confinement of administrative segregation

Sue Smith began her career in corrections working in a cell block of a high-security prison. After five years, she became a training officer. Six years later, she was promoted to a position where she headed the education program for the prison. Seven years later, she was again promoted to her current position of overseeing all the operations of the prison. What was Sue Smith's first job at the prison? a. correctional officer b. warden c. deputy warden d. teacher

correctional officer

According to the text, which of the following is NOT one of the four factors that make managing prisons different from administering other public institutions? a. the limited rewards and punishments b. the strength of inmate leadership c. the issue of safety d. the defects of total power

defects of total power

When Sue Smith was overseeing the education program for the prison, what position was she in? a. deputy warden b. correctional officer c. commissioner d. line staff

deputy warden

According to the text, a bachelor's degree and 3-year experience is required to work as a correctional officer in ___________. a. a federal prison b. any prison c. all jails d. bootcamps

federal prison

According to the text, which of the following is NOT part of a cadet's preservice training? a. field training b. inmate manipulation c. report writing d. communicable diseases

field training

Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of victims of rape in prison? a. prisoners who are viewed as effeminate b. offenders who are not affiliated with a gang c. those who are believed to have "snitched" on other prisoners d. first-time, violent offenders

first time violent offenders

The purpose of _________ is to "punish offenders—fairly and justly—through lengths of confinement proportionate to the gravity of the offense." a. warehouse b. imprisonment c. security d. retribution

imprisonment

_____________ theory states that for a prison system to operate effectively, officials must tolerate minor infractions, relax security measures, and allow inmate leaders to keep order. a. Administrative control b. Officer balance c. Prisoner control d. Inmate balance

inmate balance

Jesse James is the warden of a prison. His philosophy allows for staff to tolerate minor infractions and allow inmate leadership. Inmates who cooperate typically receive more time in yard and their preferred work assignment. Correctional officers grant and deny privileges to gain compliance of the inmates. What philosophy does Warden James exercise? a. inmate balance theory b. inmate control theory c. officer control theory d. officer balance theory

inmate balance theory

Sanctioning Chris to the "hole" indicates he committed what type of rule infraction? a. major violation b. minor violation c. no violation d. unethical violation

major violation

Human service activities undertaken by officers include all of the following, EXCEPT _________. a. managing the budget b. providing goods and services c. acting as referral agents or advocates d. helping with institutional adjustment problems

managing the budget

Chris is an inmate in a maximum-security prison. He received a verbal reprimand for not keeping his cell clean. Two days later, he was found in possession of two cartons of cigarettes, which are contraband in the prison. The discipline committee sanctioned Chris by placing him in "the hole" for 60 days. Upon his release from "the hole", he was placed in a special unit for his safety as it was believed by the other inmates that Chris "snitched" and told prison staff who was smuggling the cigarettes into the prison. Receiving a verbal reprimand as a consequence for breaking an institution rule is an example of a(n) ________. a. minor violation b. major violation c. poor choice by the correctional officer d. abuse of correctional officer power

minor violation

The most common form of prison violence in America is violence. a. prisoner-prisoner b. prisoner-officer c. officer-prisoner d. officer-officer

prisoner prisoner

After his release from the "hole", Chris was placed where? a. protective custody b. administrative segregation c. minimum security d. bootcamp

protective custody

For many victims of prison violence, is the only way to escape further abuse. a. fighting back b. death c. joining a gang d. protective custody

protective custody

____________ are central to prisoner management as correctional officers cannot have total control over the inmates. a. Sanctions b. Regulations c. Negotiations d. Custodial policies

regulations

Prison gangs are also referred to as _______. a. security threat groups b. trouble-making groups c. violent groups d. organized inmate groups

security threat groups

Which of the following is something prison managers CAN do? a. extend a client's sentence b. select their clients c. release clients d. discipline clients

select clients

When Sue Smith was working as a training officer, she was considered what? a. staff personnel b. warden c. commissioner d. correctional officer

staff personnel

_____________________ usually work under the deputy warden for management, handling accounting, training, purchasing, and so on. a. Professional staff b. Union officers c. Prison consultants d. Staff personnel

staff personnel

Which of the following is NOT one of the warden's duties? a. supervising inmates b. administering safety and security operations c. managing human resources d. managing the budget

supervising inmates

Which of the following is a tactic for reducing prison violence by dividing facilities into small, self-contained, semiautonomous "institutions"? a. unit management b. pod management c. small group management d. institution management

unit management

Who is ultimately responsible for the operation of the institution? a. warden b. captain c. deputy warden d. program manager

warden