Ch.8 review

part of the U.S. Department of Labor, researches thousands of different jobs

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)

Benefits

Compensation in forms other than direct payment

Companies should interview all prospective employees who apply for a job. a. True b. False

False

Performance management is the evaluation of a worker's ability to get along with other employees. a. True b. False

False

Sophisticated computer and communications systems have increased the need for office employees such as bookkeepers and clerks. a. True b. False

False

allow employees to take a leave from work for the birth or adoption of a child, to care for a sick family member, or for other personal emergencies.

Family leave

some employees can complete part or all of their work away from the business site.

Flexplace

allows employees some choice in how their work days and work hours are arranged.

Flextime

connect the amount of compensation to the quality or quantity of an employee's performance.

Incentive systems

Service-providing industries

Include businesses that perform services that satisfy the needs of other businesses and consumers. (Ex: Service companies include healthcare facilities, insurance companies, retail stores, transportation businesses, and many others.)

Goods-producing industries

Include businesses that produce or manufacture products used by other businesses or purchased by final consumers. (These companies are involved in construction, manufacturing, mining, and agriculture.)

Occupational Outlook Handbook

It offers up-to-date information about the U.S. workforce through publications and websites

offers one job to two people.

Job sharing

removes work from one company and sends it to another company that can complete it at a lower cost.

Outsourcing

a few hours each month that can be scheduled for nonjob activities.

Personal time

refers to the use of automated machinery, electronic equipment, and integrated computer systems to help increase the efficiency of producing goods and services.

Technology

an artificial limit placed on minority groups moving into positions of authority and decision making.

glass ceiling

The U.S. economy is shifting its emphasis from ______ businesses to ______ ones

goods-providing, service-providing

Part-time employee

has a shorter work schedule with either fewer hours each day or fewer days each week.

This system combines a wage or salary with an additional amount based on the employee's performance.

incentive compensation system

benefit examples:

insurance, vacations, retirement plans

Performance Management

involves evaluating the work of employees and improving performance through training and development.

Downsizing

is a planned reduction in the number of employees in order to cut costs and make a business more efficient.

Employee Relations

is responsible for maintaining a safe, healthy, and productive work environment for all employees.

compensation

is the amount of money paid to an employee for work performed.

an organized group of employees who negotiate with employers about issues, such as wages and working conditions.

labor union

a temporary or permanent reduction in the number of employees due to changing business conditions.

layoff

Piece rates are commonly used in

manufacturing, agriculture, and service centers

Human resources management ensures that

needed employees are available, productive, paid, and satisfied with their work.

temporary employee

one hired for a specific time or to complete a specific assignment.

permanent employee

one to whom the company makes a long-term commitment.

blue-collar worker

one whose job involves more physical work, including the operation of machinery and equipment or other production activities.

white-collar worker

one whose work is more mental than physical and involves the handling and processing of information.

The workforce includes all of the following people, 16 years and older, except _____.

people in military

Managing human resources involves four broad categories of activities:

planning and staffing, performance management, compensation and benefits, and employee relations.

service workers

produce intangible goods for businesses and consumers.

is the advancement of an employee to a position with greater responsibility.

promotion

Full-time employee

regularly works a schedule of 30 or more hours a week.

Almost all of that job growth will be in ______ industries.

service-providing

two major types of industries analyzed in the Occupational Outlook Handbook:

service-providing and goods-producing industries

pays a specific amount of money for each week or month worked.

straight salary

The job analysis helps determine if the needs of the business can best be met with

temporary, permanent, part-time, or full-time employees.

ends the employment relationship between a company and an employee.

termination

organizational culture

the environment in which people work, made up of the atmosphere, behaviors, beliefs, and relationships.

work environment

the physical conditions and the atmosphere in which employees work.

Performance evaluations focus on

the specific job duties of each employee. They also review the important work qualities expected of all employees.

pays the employee a specific amount of money for each hour worked.

time wage

is the assignment of an employee to another job in the company with a similar level of responsibility.

transfer

Traditionally, different occupations have been grouped into two broad categories:

white-collar and blue-collar

ends employment due to inappropriate work behavior.

discharge

comprehensive inclusion of people with differences in personal characteristics and attributes.

diversity

piece rate

employees are paid according to how much output they produce

There are greater numbers of both younger and older employees in the workforce today than there were in the past. a. True b. False

True

The following steps have been used successfully in a number of businesses and other organizations to increase diversity:

1. Develop a written commitment to diversity. Prepare a mission statement that clearly communicates the company's values. 2. Have the full support of top executives. The top managers in the business must make diversity a priority in their written and oral communications and in their actions. 3. Review evidence of diversity in the company. Gather data on the diverse characteristics of all employees, managers, and customers. If any part of the organization does not reflect the diversity expectations, determine what is standing in the way and develop ways to make changes. 4. Update policies and procedures. Make sure that recruiting, hiring, performance evaluation, and promotion practices encourage diversity. 5. Provide continuing diversity education. Managers and employees benefit from increased understanding of inclusion and diversity. Participating in classes and workshops prepares employees to work more effectively in a diverse organization. 6. Recognize and celebrate diversity. Make diversity a part of the organization's culture. Have visible evidence of the variety of languages, music, art, celebrations, and customs of employees and customers.

Human resources must be able to work with the differences and unique capabilities of each employee and develop a workforce that is productive and efficient. There are seven major human resources goals:

1. Identify the personnel needs of the company. 2. Maintain an adequate supply of people to fill those needs. 3. Match abilities and interests with specific jobs. 4. Provide training and development to prepare people for their jobs and to improve their capabilities as job requirements change. 5. Develop plans to compensate personnel for their work. 6. Protect the health and well-being of employees. 7. Maintain a productive and satisfying work environment.

The BLS estimates that the economy will add nearly how many new jobs over the next 10 years?

16 million

The U.S. workforce is made up of nearly __________ people.

160 million

Nearly _______ of U.S. jobs today require at least a high school education.

2/3

On average for all businesses, an additional _____to ____ percent of an employee's wages is spent on benefits.

20 to 40

A layoff is a type of termination due to a change in business conditions. a. True b. False

True

All of the following are service-providing industries except _____. a. construction b. insurance c. transportation d. health care

a

State and federal laws require most businesses to offer and pay the cost of all of the following benefits except _____. a. health insurance b. compensation for overtime hours worked c. social security d. contributions to funds for unemployed workers

a

Job Analysis

a specific study of a job to identify in detail the job duties and skill requirements.

workforce

all the people 16 years and older who are employed or who are looking for a job

Human resources management begins by

analyzing where the business currently is in terms of its personnel and where it wants to be.

salary and wages

are direct payment of money to an employee for work completed.

Planning and staffing activities

are directed at identifying and filling all of the jobs in the company with qualified people.

human resources

are the people who work for a business.

Which incentive system pays an employee a percentage of sales for which he or she is responsible? a. base plus incentive b. profit sharing c. piece rate d. commission

d

Which of the following would not be a part of a company's human resources? a. managers b. full-time employees c. temporary employees d. All would be included as human resources.

d

Some employees can complete part or all of their work away from the business site under a. flextime. b. flexplace. c. job sharing. d. personal time.

b

Which of the following is not a major goal of human resources managers? a. protect the health and well-being of employees b. maintain an adequate supply of people to fill the needs of the company c. supervise the work of newly hired employees d. develop plans to compensate personnel for their work

c

allocates a certain amount of money to each employee that can be spent on benefits.

cafeteria plan

formal negotiation between members of both groups.

collective bargaining

an employee is paid a percentage of sales for which he or she is responsible.

commission

Compensation and Benefits

concerns planning and managing payroll, personnel records, and benefits programs.

Factors that will drive the evolution of work in the future:

consumer preferences, economic conditions, new technology, and business competition

The term most closely related to diversity is a. affirmative action. b. discrimation. c. minority. d. inclusion.

d