Chap 4

60,000 mm2 ... 1,000,000 mm3 ... larger

A 100 mm x 100 mm x 100 mm cell has a surface area that is _____ and a volume that is _____. When this volume is broken into many smaller cells, that are 10 mm x 10 mm x 10 mm, the sum of the surface areas of the smaller cells is _____ than the surface area of the initial cell.

volume increases proportionally more than the surface area.

As cell size increases, the

lack a nucleus

Bacterial cells are prokaryotic; unlike a typical eukaryotic cell, they _____.

ribosomes

In a bacterium, where are proteins synthesized?

ribosomes.

One of the ways smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) differs from rough endoplasmic reticulum is that rough ER is covered by

Plasma membrane

The _____ is the bacterial structure that acts as a selective barrier, allowing nutrients to enter the cell and wastes to leave the cell.

10 to 100 micrometers

The diameter of most animal and plant cells ranges from

is a protective structure made of cellulose fibrils.

The plant cell wall

cytoskeleton.

The structural framework in a cell is the

mRNA

What carries instructions for making proteins from the nucleus into the cytoplasm?

Protection

What is the function of a bacterium's capsule?

cell wall

What name is given to the rigid structure, found outside the plasma membrane, that surrounds and supports the bacterial cell?

plasma membrane

What structure acts as a selective barrier, regulating the traffic of materials into and out of the cell?

smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Where are lipids made in the cell?

mitochondria

Where in a cell is ATP made?

nucleoid region

Where is a bacterial cell's DNA found?

nucleus

Where is the genetic information of the cell stored?

The chloroplast converts light energy to chemical energy.

Which of the following describes the function of the chloroplast?

Storing compounds produced by the cell

Which of the following is a function of the central vacuole?

Golgi apparatus

Which of the following is part of the endomembrane system?

lysosomes

Which of the following organelles breaks down worn-out organelles?

Mitochondria

Which plant cell organelle converts chemical fuel into packets of chemical energy that can power the cell?

Mitochondrion.

Which plant cell organelle converts chemical fuel into packets of chemical energy that can power the cell?

Central vacuoles; ribosomes

_____ are found only in plant cells, but _____ are found in both plant and animal cells.