Chap 4
60,000 mm2 ... 1,000,000 mm3 ... larger
A 100 mm x 100 mm x 100 mm cell has a surface area that is _____ and a volume that is _____. When this volume is broken into many smaller cells, that are 10 mm x 10 mm x 10 mm, the sum of the surface areas of the smaller cells is _____ than the surface area of the initial cell.
volume increases proportionally more than the surface area.
As cell size increases, the
lack a nucleus
Bacterial cells are prokaryotic; unlike a typical eukaryotic cell, they _____.
ribosomes
In a bacterium, where are proteins synthesized?
ribosomes.
One of the ways smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) differs from rough endoplasmic reticulum is that rough ER is covered by
Plasma membrane
The _____ is the bacterial structure that acts as a selective barrier, allowing nutrients to enter the cell and wastes to leave the cell.
10 to 100 micrometers
The diameter of most animal and plant cells ranges from
is a protective structure made of cellulose fibrils.
The plant cell wall
cytoskeleton.
The structural framework in a cell is the
mRNA
What carries instructions for making proteins from the nucleus into the cytoplasm?
Protection
What is the function of a bacterium's capsule?
cell wall
What name is given to the rigid structure, found outside the plasma membrane, that surrounds and supports the bacterial cell?
plasma membrane
What structure acts as a selective barrier, regulating the traffic of materials into and out of the cell?
smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Where are lipids made in the cell?
mitochondria
Where in a cell is ATP made?
nucleoid region
Where is a bacterial cell's DNA found?
nucleus
Where is the genetic information of the cell stored?
The chloroplast converts light energy to chemical energy.
Which of the following describes the function of the chloroplast?
Storing compounds produced by the cell
Which of the following is a function of the central vacuole?
Golgi apparatus
Which of the following is part of the endomembrane system?
lysosomes
Which of the following organelles breaks down worn-out organelles?
Mitochondria
Which plant cell organelle converts chemical fuel into packets of chemical energy that can power the cell?
Mitochondrion.
Which plant cell organelle converts chemical fuel into packets of chemical energy that can power the cell?
Central vacuoles; ribosomes
_____ are found only in plant cells, but _____ are found in both plant and animal cells.
