Chap4 nutrition

What is the adequate intake level for fiber in adult women?

25 grams

What is the Adequate Intake level of dietary fiber for men?

38 grams

Type 2 diabetes

A form of diabetes characterized by insulin resistance and often associated with obesity.

Type 1 diabetes

A form of diabetes characterized by total insulin deficiency due to destruction of insulin-producing tells of the pancreas.

What is the guideline that is set at a level 100 times less than the level at which no harmful effects were noted in animal studies?

Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which of the following are appropriate uses of aspartame? O Sugar-free chewing gum O Sugar-free brownie mix O Diet soft drinks O Sugar-free gelatin desserts

Sugar-free chewing gum Diet soft drinks Sugar-free gelatin desserts

secondary lactose maldigestion

Temporarily decreased production of lactase due to a specific cause, such as an intestinal virus; may cause abdominal pain, gas, and diarrhea after consumption of large quantities of lactose

In advanced cases of type 2 diabetes, patients may require insulin to manage their blood sugar levels.

True

True or false: The cooking process is often viewed as the starting point of carbohydrate digestion because cooking helps to soften the tough connective fibers in the plants

True

True or false: To avoid constipation, adequate fiber and water should be consumed. O True O False

True

True or false: Type 2 diabetes is strongly associated with obesity, especially intra-abdominal obesit.

True

True or false: When dietary consumption of carbohydrates exceeds the amount needed for energy and glycogen storage, the excess carbohydrates will be stored as fat

True

When is glucose most likely used to produce fat?

When overall calorie needs are exceeded

Stevia is an alternative sweetener derived from

a south american shrub

If a person consumes a large amount of fiber without adequate fluid, which of the following may happen?

blockages in the intestine

primary lactose maldigestion

chronically decreased production of lactase with no apparent cause; may cause abdominal pain, gas, and diarrhea after consumption of large quantities of lactose

Which of the following can assist the digestion of carbohydrates even before food enters the mouth?

cooking food

As intake of added sugars increases, dietary quality

decreases

Soluble fiber_____the absorption of cholesterol from the small intestine into the blood.

decreases

Stephen complains to his doctor of frequent urination and extreme thirst. Over the past 3 months, he also lost 12 pounds without dieting. His doctor sends him for tests to see if he has

diabetes

Select all that apply A high-fiber diet may improve blood cholesterol measurements because O increased insulin secretion results in lower cholesterol synthesis in the liver. O high-fiber foods are rich in heart-healthy HDs and low in LDLs. O fatty acids produced during fermentation of soluble fiber in the large intestine reduce cholesterol synthesis in the liver. O soluble fiber binds to cholesterol in the Gl tract, causing it to be excreted.

fatty acids produced during fermentation of soluble fiber in the large intestine reduce cholesterol synthesis in the liver. soluble fiber binds to cholesterol in the Gl tract, causing it to pe excreted.

What is the technical term for high blood sugar?

hyperglycemia

Anna's blood test showed that her fasting blood sugar was 150 mg/dl. According to these results, she is

hyperglycemic

Select all that apply The Dietary Guidelines urges Americans to O incorporate at least 3 ounces per day of refined grains. O limit intake of added sugars. O consume only whole grains. O consume 3 or more ounces per day of whole grains.

limit intake of added sugars. consume 3 or more ounces per day of whole grains.

Aspartame is an alternative sweetener made of

two amino acids (phenylalanine and aspartic acid) and methanol

Which of the following are traditional symptoms of diabetes?

- frequent urination, blurred vision, extreme thirst,increased appetite

Select all that apply Which of the following food choices comply with the recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines? O Start the day with a fortified breakfast cereal made with refined grains and added sugars. O Add baked acorn squash as a side dish with dinner. O Choose brown rice instead of white rice in a recipe. O Choose frozen blueberries with with no added sugars instead of sweetened frozen berries.

Add baked acorn squash as a side dish with dinner. Choose brown rice instead of white rice in a recipe. Choose frozen blueberries with with no added sugars instead of sweetened frozen berries.

There is not sufficient evidence to link intake of sugared-sweetened beverages to risk for obesity.

False

True or false: Aspartame is heat stable so it is appropriate for use in cooking.

False

True or false: Most cases of type 1 diabetes begin with an immune system disorder, which causes destruction of the insulin-producing cells in the liver.

False

True or false: Most cases of type 1 diabetes begin with an immune system disorder, which causes destruction of the insulin-producing cells in the liver.

False. Reason: The pathology of type 1 diabetes involves the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas, not the liver.

Which of the following measurements could be used to identify a person with prediabetes?

HbA1c between 5.7% to 6.4% Fasting blood glucose from 100 to 125 mg/dl

Which of the following are used for treatment of type 2 diabetes?

Incorporating physical activity in the daily routine Taking oral medications that help to lower bloc glucose. Injecting insulin to help lower blood glucöse.

Lactose ______is a condition in which significant symptoms, such as abdominal gas and bloating, appear after ingestion of foods containing lactose

Intolerance

Gestational diabetes

Occurs in some pregnânt women and resolves after delivery of the baby.

________is a condition characterized by moderately high fasting blood glucose (100 to 125 mg/dl).

Prediabetes

Which of the following are subgroups of vegetables, according to MyPlate?

Starchy vegetables Dark green vegetablès Red and orange vegetables Beans and peas

Which alternative sweetener is derived from a South American shrub?

Stevia