Chapt 36 med urinary
A patients urinalysis results are: white blood cells (WBC) 100+/hpf; red blood cells (RBC) 4/hpf; bacteria, moderate amount; nitrite, positive; specific gravity, 1.025; urine, cloudy. What should the nurse recognize these findings indicate?
Elevated WBCs, bacteria, nitrites, and cloudy urine indicate an infection
The nurse is reviewing the anatomy of the kidney with a patient scheduled for renal surgery. What should the nurse explain as being the structural and functional unit of the kidney?
Nephron
The nurse is reviewing a patients history and physical report. What term should the nurse recognize is being used to describe waste products building up in the blood?
Uremia
A patient has a glomerular filtration rate of 55%. What should this value indicate to the nurse?
The patients other tests will be in the normal range.
During an assessment, the nurse notes that a patient has crystals deposited on the skin. What should this finding indicate to the nurse?
The presence of crystals on the skin is called uremic frost and is a late sign of waste products building up in the blood (uremia).
The nurse determines that a patients urine output is normal. How many mL of urine did the patient void within the last 24 hours?
Normal urinary output is 1000 to 2000 mL per 24 hours.
The nurse is catheterizing a patient after voiding to determine the amount of residual urine in the bladder. What should the nurse consider as being the normal amount of urine within the bladder after urination?
Normally, the bladder contains less than 50 mL after urination.
The nurse is to obtain orthostatic blood pressure measurements for a patient on dialysis for end-stage renal disease. What should the nurse do when measuring this patients blood pressure?
Obtain blood pressure while the patient is lying, sitting, and standing.
A patient recovering from radiological studies of the renal system has a nursing diagnosis of Impaired Urinary Elimination. Which outcome indicates that the nursing interventions have been effective?
Patient voids 35 mL/hour of clear urine.
The nurse is making a visit to the home of a patient with functional incontinence. Which observation indicates that teaching about the disorder has been effective?
Patient wearing sweat pants
The nurse is collecting data for a patient with kidney disease. When reviewing a urinalysis report, which range should the nurse recognize as normal specific gravity of urine?
1.002 to 1.035
A patient is being evaluated for renal dialysis. What creatinine clearance value should the nurse realize this patient must have to live without needing dialysis treatments
10 ml
The nurse is instructing a patient on the use of Kegel exercises. How many times a day should the nurse recommend that these exercises be performed?
30 to 80
The nurse is reviewing a urinalysis report. What should the nurse recognize as the normal average pH of urine?
4.6 to 8,
The nurse learns that a patient has a urine pH of 7.9. What question should the nurse ask the patient after learning of this laboratory value?
Are you a vegetarian? A vegetarian diet results in more alkaline urine
A patient with pneumonia has a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 32 mg/dL and creatinine of 0.8 mg/dL. What should the nurse realize is the most probable explanation for this finding?
BUN elevates with dehydration, because the loss of water makes the blood more concentrated.
The nurse is caring for a patient recovering from a renal biopsy. For which complication should the nurse monitor the patient during the 24 hours after the procedure?
Bleeding
The nurse is caring for a patient with an acidbase imbalance from kidney disease. How should the nurse explain the role of the kidneys to maintain acidbase balance in the body to the patient?
Conserving or excreting bicarbonate ions
The nurse is collecting data from a patient with kidney disease. Which adventitious lung sound should the nurse recognize as being caused by fluid overload?
Crackles
The nurse contributes to the plan of care for a patient with edema. Which action should the nurse take as the best indicator of this patients fluid volume status?
Daily wt
The nurse needs to obtain a urine specimen from a female patient. What action should the nurse take when obtaining this specimen?
Direct the patient to wash her perineum before collecting the urine specimen.
A patient is scheduled for an intravenous pyelogram (IVP). What care should the nurse provide before the patient has this procedure?
For an IVP, enemas may be given the evening before the test to empty the colon.
The nurse is caring for a patient with a kidney infection. When providing prescribed medications, the nurse should recall that which structure is the capillary network in each nephron?
Glomareus
The nurse is caring for a male patient with functional incontinence. What action should the nurse take to help prevent incontinence?
Make sure he has access to a urinal
The nurse is caring for a patient who is scheduled for a cystoscopy (C&P) with basket extraction of a stone. What is the most important postoperative care for the nurse to provide?
Measuring urine output
The nurse is helping to prepare a patient for a renal biopsy. In which position should the nurse help the patient assume?
Prone
A patient with pneumonia has a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 32 mg/dL and creatinine of 0.8 mg/dL. What should the nurse realize is the most probable explanation for this finding?
The patient is in a prone position, usually with a sandbag under the abdomen, and the biopsy is taken through the flank area.
The nurse is collecting data from a patient with stress incontinence. Which finding should the nurse document?
The patient is unable to hold urine when under coughing or sneezing
The nurse is caring for a patient with kidney disease. How should the nurse end a 24-hour urine test at the end of the 24 hours?
The patient voids at the end of 24 hours, adding it to the collection container.
A female patient is embarrassed because of not being able to walk to the bathroom in time before become incontinent of urine. Which type of incontinence should the nurse plan care for this patient?
Urge
