Chapter 01: Quiz 2

How did the slave trade that began in the sixteenth century impact smaller societies in western Africa? A. It destroyed many of them. B. It strengthened them politically. C. They gained economically by selling people into slavery. D. It did not have an impact.

A. It destroyed many of them.

What four characteristics distinguished the Aztec, Mayan, and Incan societies from their contemporary counterparts in the Americas? A. Mineral wealth, large city centers, ritualized religions, and complex political systems B. Large buildings, extensive trading networks, productive agriculture, and conquering armies C. Large boats, use of the wheel, domestication of horses, and iron tools D. Written language, calendars, adobe homes, and extensive irrigation systems

A. Mineral wealth, large city centers, ritualized religions, and complex political systems

Which of the following items were introduced to Europe for the first time as a part of the Columbian exchange of the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries? A. Potatoes B. Wheat C. Pigs D. Horses

A. Potatoes

What was the first permanent European settlement in North America? A. St. Augustine B. Jamestown C. Tampa D. Santa Fe

A. St. Augustine

Why is it reasonable to say that Europeans benefited most from the Columbian exchange? A. They gained nutritious crops and wealth and did not suffer as much as other groups. B. Europeans controlled the trade that constituted this exchange. C. They gained technological advantages through contact with Native American civilizations. D. Through the Columbian exchange, they gained access to Asian goods they desired.

A. They gained nutritious crops and wealth and did not suffer as much as other groups.

What was one effect of the Crusades of the eleventh and twelfth centuries? A. Establishment of permanent Christian settlements in the East B. Enhancement of the wealth and commercial role of Italian merchants C. Strengthening of ties between Christian and Jewish communities in Europe D. Dissolution of the Roman Catholic Church

B. Enhancement of the wealth and commercial role of Italian merchants

Why was Prince Henry of Portugal significant? A. He was a leading intellectual figure of the Renaissance. B. He spurred European exploration. C. He commanded the first European voyage to reach India by sea. D. He launched the First Crusade.

B. He spurred European exploration.

A form of agriculture in which people work small plots of land with simple tools is known as A. Encomienda system. B. Horticulture. C. Beringia. D. Columbian exchange.

B. Horticulture.

What was the result in the late sixteenth century of the flow of riches from Spain to other parts of Europe? A. Spain was weakened and lost control of its American empire. B. Renewed interest in other parts of Europe in the goal of gaining territory in the Americas. C. The Dutch decided to align themselves more closely to Spain to gain a share of the wealth. D. The middle class grew substantially larger across Europe as a result of increased trade.

B. Renewed interest in other parts of Europe in the goal of gaining territory in the Americas.

Between 500 and 1500 C.E., increasingly complex societies emerged in the equatorial region of the Americas on account of A. an increase in cultural diversity. B. highly developed systems of agriculture. C. the richness of forest game. D. specialized architectural methods.

B. highly developed systems of agriculture.

How did innovations in printing technology help advance European exploration? A. With more books available, a majority of people learned to read, and new ideas spread more quickly throughout Europe than ever before. B. New printing technology significantly lowered the price of books and allowed even people of modest means to read about the latest exploration. C. Improved printing technology spread word of Portuguese and Spanish exploration throughout Europe. D. As printing became more dependent on machines, craftsmen traditionally involved in the book trade were thrown out of work.

C. Improved printing technology spread word of Portuguese and Spanish exploration throughout Europe.

Massive earthworks in the shapes of animals were a cultural hallmark of what Native American people? A. Pueblos B. Aztecs C. Mississippians D. Chumash

C. Mississippians

What did Catholic leaders believe would be critical to Spanish success in the Americas? A. The abolition of slavery in the Americas B. The education of Native Americans C. The religious conversion of Native Americans D. The establishment of diplomatic ties with Native Americans

C. The religious conversion of Native Americans

Why did Plains societies generally remain small and widely scattered? A. They migrated frequently in search of victims for human sacrifices that were believed to protect them from military defeat. B. Since they made their homes by cutting into cliffs, they often lived separated from others. C. They needed a large expanse of territory to follow migrating animals. D. Since they practiced horticulture, they could only support a small population for a short time.

C. They needed a large expanse of territory to follow migrating animals.

During his three voyages, Christopher Columbus encouraged his men to A. conquer the new land and its people. B. search for gold and silver. C. settle and work the land in the Americas. D. Christianize Native Americans.

C. settle and work the land in the Americas.

Who were the first Europeans to discover lands in the western Atlantic Ocean? A. Italians B. Spanish C. Portuguese D. Norsemen

D. Norsemen

The fifteenth-century campaign launched by Ferdinand and Isabella to expel Jews and Muslims from Spain is known as the A. Encomienda system. B. Black Death. C. Crusades. D. Reconquest.

D. Reconquest.

How did some Europeans' belief that Africans were the "sons of Ham," as described in the Bible, affect attitudes toward the western African slave trade in the sixteenth century? A. African men were not subjected to slavery, although women were. B. Christians became emboldened to condemn slavery as contrary to God's will. C. Since Europe was largely secular in the sixteenth century, biblical stories had little impact. D. The slave trade became more acceptable because it seemed to be sanctioned by the Bible.

D. The slave trade became more acceptable because it seemed to be sanctioned by the Bible.

What happened to French and English efforts to establish colonies in North America in the sixteenth century? A. They failed as a result of attacks by Native Americans. B. The French effort to colonize Canada took hold, but English efforts failed. C. The colonies were destroyed by Spanish ships and soldiers. D. They failed due to poor funding, inadequate supplies, or bad weather.

D. They failed due to poor funding, inadequate supplies, or bad weather.

Why did the conquistadors have great power in the New World in the early sixteenth century? A. The king in Spain made the conquistadors his official representatives in the New World, giving them the power to act in his name. B. The conquistadors were able to conquer the Aztec empire without any assistance from either Spain or other native peoples of the Americas. C. The Aztec leader Montezuma formed an alliance with the conquistador Hernán Cortés against Spanish authorities in Spain. D. With the Americas far away from Spain, conquistadors were responsible for distributing lands as rewards for those who served under them.

D. With the Americas far away from Spain, conquistadors were responsible for distributing lands as rewards for those who served under them.