Chapter 1 BIO 110 Organization of the Body

Tarsal

Ankle

Brachial

Arm

Axillary

Armpit

Occipital

Back of the head

Popliteal

Back of the knee

Why us anatomical position?

Because anatomical terms are useful only if everyone has in mind the same position of the body and is using the same reference points.

Sacral

Below lower back

Mammary

Breast

Gluteal

Buttocks

Sural

Calf

Buccal

Cheek

Pectoral

Chest

Mental

Chin

Otic

Ear

Cubital

Elbow

Opthalmic

Eye

Orbital

Eye Cavity

Digital

Finger

Pedal

Foot

Antebrachial

Forearm

Frontal

Forehead

Antecubital

Front of elbow

Inguinal

Groin

Cephalic

Head

Calcaneal

Heel

Coxal

Hip

Patellar

Knee

Crural

Leg

Lumbar

Lower back

Oral

Mouth

Umbilical

Navel

Cervical

Neck

Nasal

Nose

Dorsum

Of the hand/foot

Palmer

Palm

Perineal

Rectum, anus

Genital

Reproductive organs

Deltoid

Shoulder

Plantar

Sole of the foot

Vertebral

Spinal Column

Sternal

Sternum

Define anatomy:

The study of the structure and the shape of. Concerned with the structure of a part as well as its relationship with other structures.

Femoral

Thigh

____ ____ cavity is found on the anterior side of the body.

Ventral body

Carpal

Wrist

__________ cavity: houses many organs. There aren't any bones protecting this area (except for the little protection from the pelvic bones).

abdominopelvic

The navel is _______ to the spine.

anterior

_______(or ventral) means toward the face.

anterior

_________are the building block of all matter.

atoms

How are the bodies of multicellular living organisms----like us-----organized?

atoms--organelles--cells--tissues--organs--organ system-organisms

_______are teh basic building block of all life.

cells

Define physiology:

concerned with a body parts function both individually and as a component of an entire system.

The lungs are ______ to the ribcage.

deep

______means toward the organs.

deep

The _________, your breathing muscle, separates the thoracic from the abdominopelvic cavities.

diaphragm

______means farther from the point of attachment of a limb.

distal

My wrist is _________ and ________ to my elbow

distal, inferior

Atoms of the same kind compose _______.

elements

"To cut your nose off in spite of your face" is an expression that means the nose would be removed along the ________ plane.

frontal

To scan an image of the brain from the anterior to the posterior side, you would follow along a ________ plane.

frontal

To scan an image of the brain from front (anterior) to back (posterior) would require a _______ scan.

frontal or coronal

What is the plane for B?

frontal or coronal

A ________or __________ section divides the body into anterior and posterior.

frontal, coronal

Examples of physiology;

how the kidney regulates what enters the blood stream, the physiology of muscle contraction.

______means away from the head.

inferior

The ear is on the ______ surface of the head (in anatomical position)

lateral

______means away from the midline of the body.

lateral

Cells are the simplest and most basic form of ______.

life

_______ means toward the midline of the body.

medial

The breast bone is _______ and ______ to the shoulder socket.

medial, anterior

The middle area of the thoracic cavity where the heart is housed and the esophagus and trachea are found is called the _______________.

mediastinum

Microscopic anatomy:

need microscope or other device to view the cells or tissues of the body.

_________are 2 or more different organs working together to perform a specific function.

organ system

Cells contain small factories called ______.

organelles

_________ are composed of organ systems.

organisms

_________are 2 or more different types of tissues working together to perform a specific function.

organs

The spine is __________ to the breast bone.

posterior

______(or dorsal)means away from the face; toward the backside.

posterior

_____means closer to the point of attachment of a limb.

proximal

My shoulder is _______ and _______ to my elbow.

proximal, superior

A _______ section divides the body into left and right portions.

sagittal

Van Gogh was an artist who removed his ear; he must have made a _________ section to remove it from the rest of his head.

sagittal

What is the plane for A?

sagittal or midsagittal

A _______ or ________section divides the body into equal left and right halves.

sagittal, midsagittal

Describe anatomical position:

standing erect, face forward, arms at sides, and palms and toes directed forward.

Examples of microscopic anatomy is:

structure of a muscle, layers of the stomach, components of compact bone.

The skin is ________ to the heart and lungs.

superficial

_____means toward the surface of the body (like the skin)

superficial

_______means toward the head.

superior

A bone broken along a cross section is broken into ______ and ______portions.

superior and inferior

To make an incision that transversely divides one vertebrae from the next, you must be making a division between _________ and ________ portions.

superior and inferior

Gross or Macroscopic anatomy:

the "big picture" of the body; anatomy seen with the naked eye.

________ cavity contains the heart and lung organs and is formed by the ribcage.

thoracic

The ventral body cavity contains two cavities :

thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity

________are 2 or more different types of cells working together to perform a specific function.

tissues

A ______ section divides the body into superior and inferior portions.

transverse

Ron has diabetes and had his left leg amputated below the knee. The surgeons made a ____________ section to remove the inferior portion of his leg.

transverse

The diaphragm rests beneath the lungs, making a _______ plane between thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities on the ventral side of the body.

transverse

What is the plane for C?

transverse

Abdominal

Abdomen