Chapter 1 - Multiple Choice

A bit that is turned off represents the following value: __________. a.1 b.-1 c.0 d."no"

0

If you were to look at a machine language program, you would see __________. a.Java code b.a stream of binary numbers c.English words d.circuits

a stream of binary numbers

A __________ is enough memory to store a letter of the alphabet or a small number. a.byte b.bit c.switch d.transistor

byte

A(n) __________ is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task. a.compiler b.program c.interpreter d.programming language

program

A type of memory that can hold data for long periods of time—even when there is no power to the computer-is called __________. a.RAM b.main memory c.secondary storage d.CPU storage

secondary storage

A component that collects data from people or other devices and sends it to the computer is called __________. a.an output device b.an input device c.a secondary storage device d.main memory

an input device

A byte is made up of eight __________. a.CPUs b.instructions c.variables d.bits

bits

A(n) __________ program translates a high-level language program into a separate machine language program. a.assembler b.compiler c.translator d.utility

compiler

Real numbers are encoded using the __________ technique. a.two's complement b.floating-point c.ASCII d.Unicode

floating-point

The physical devices that a computer is made of are referred to as __________. a.hardware b.software c.the operating system d.tools

hardware

Computers can only execute programs that are written in __________. a.Java b.assembly language c.machine language d.C++

machine language

The computer stores a program while the program is running, as well as the data that the program is working with, in __________. a.secondary storage b.the CPU c.main memory d.the microprocessor

main memory

Today, CPUs are small chips known as __________. a.ENIACs b.microprocessors c.memory chips d.operating systems

microprocessors

A video display is a(n) __________. a.output device b.input device c.secondary storage device d.main memory

output device

The tiny dots of color that digital images are composed of are called __________. a.bits b.bytes c.color packets d.pixels

pixels

Negative numbers are encoded using the __________ technique. a.two's complement b.floating-point c.ASCII d.Unicode

two's complement

An extensive encoding scheme that can represent the characters of many of the languages in the world is __________. a.binary numbering b.ASCII c.Unicode d.ENIAC

Unicode

The __________ translates an assembly language program to a machine language program. a.assembler b.compiler c.translator d.interpreter

assembler

In a(n) __________ numbering system, all numeric values are written as sequences of 0s and 1s. a.hexadecimal b.binary c.octal d.decimal

binary

In the __________ part of the fetch-decode-execute cycle, the CPU determines which operation it should perform. a.fetch b.decode c.execute d.immediately after the instruction is executed

decode

The rules that must be followed when writing a program are called __________. a.syntax b.punctuation c.key words d.operators

syntax

A set of 128 numeric codes that represent the English letters, various punctuation marks, and other characters is __________. a.binary numbering b.ASCII c.Unicode d.ENIAC

ASCII

This is a volatile type of memory that is used only for temporary storage while a program is running. a.RAM b.secondary storage c.the disk drive d.the USB drive

RAM

The words that make up a high-level programming language are called __________. a.binary instructions b.mnemonics c.commands d.key words

mnemonics

The part of a computer that runs programs is called __________. a.RAM b.secondary storage c.main memory d.the CPU

the CPU